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A trade union movement in Britain
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Labor movement is considered important in Britain because it is an international phenomenon of the feudal system and one of the flowerings of the era of the capitalist machine. At the beginning of the 18th century, the world witnessed a change and progress in many aspects of the industrial fields such as the different means of production .this era is called the industrial revolution which especially appeared in Britain and extended to other areas of the world .it leads to many changes in Europe and participated in different economic, political and cultural and social fields. and it has a very important role in progress and development but its disadvantage is that it is exploited by the capitalists to achieve their special rights .in other words ,it enables them to have power over the labors who have suffered poverty ,destitution and unemployment .as a result ,many thinkers ,intellectuals and labor leaders appear to form unions and associations that help to call for the labors right and deliver their voices to the highest levels under the name of " a trade union " .these unions ,associations and trade union are able to work as "a committee to represent workers " .it continues to do political work till it is able to reach the parliament and constitutes an independent party called "workers party " for the labor class in order to continue work for the sake of improving the conditions of the labors.

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 27 2020
Journal Name
Iraqi National Journal Of Nursing Specialties
Evaluation of Health Promotion Program for the Prevention of Epidemics at Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad City: Comparative Study
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Objective(s): To evaluate and compare between Health Promotion Program for the Prevention of Epidemics at Primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad City.

Methodology: A descriptive study, using the evaluation and comparative approaches, is conducted to evaluate health promotion program for the prevention of epidemics at primary health care centers in baghdad city from October 15th  2019 through March 1st 2020. A purposive, non-probability, sample of (42) health promotion unit officers were recruited from the same number of primary health care centers which were divided into (14) main, (14) sub and (14) family medicine primary health care centers i

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Evaluating the quality of educational services according to the modified Servqual modelStudy of a sample of students of the Faculty of Management and Economics / University of Baghdad
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The research aims to apply a modified SERVQUAL model to evaluate the quality of the educational services via conducting exploratory research for students from the College of Administration and Economics- Department of Business Administration- Evening studies at the University of Baghdad. Questionnaire of two parts was distributed to a sample of (72) students out of (720) students of the 2nd.,3rd. and 4th. year in the beginning of the second semester of the year 2008-2009 to measure the expectations and perceptions to the quality of the educational services. Five major dimensions were analyzed to see the gaps for (22) variables. The study concluded that there were (13) variables confirmed that the

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The mechanisms of generation of Unemployment in Iraq and its types and calculating the Disguised of it: Analytical Study for the period 2003-2015
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     The objective of this study is to attempt to provide a quantitative analysis to the causes of unemployment  in Iraq and its mechanisms of generation, as well as a review of the most important  types of both visible and invisible unemployment, and an attempt to measure the disguised  unemployment  and analyze the causes. The problem of the research lies in the fact that the Iraqi Economy has been suffered  for  a long time although its characterized by abundant  physical and natural  resources, from the existence of the  phenomenon of unemployment  in the previous two types. Causing a lot of economic problems, represented by the great waste of resources and

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The market value between the two dilemmas of profit distribution and retention: an analytical study in the Iraqi stock market
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Abstract:

             The distribution or retention of profits is the third decision among financial management decisions in terms of priority, whether at the level of theory or practice, as the issue of distribution or retention is multi-party in terms of influence and impact, as determining the optimal percentage for each component is still the subject of intellectual debate because these decisions are linked to the future of the organization and several considerations, The research focus on the nature of the policies followed by the Iraqi banking sector As the sample chosen by the intentional sampling method was represented by the Commercial Bank of

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 28 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of local tax revenues in financing local development: Case Study of Tebessa State for the Period[2010-2014[
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Local communities are in need of self-resources so that they can perform their multiple functions which serve the objectives of the local development, and tax revenues are considered as important sources of their funding. However, despite the efforts of the state to reform the fiscal system and to improve the management in the local administration, tax collection can increase when the state adopts a more effective policy to combat tax evasion and tax fraud. Accordingly, this research aims to shed light on the role of local tax revenues in the local development. A set of conclusions are drawn; the most important one is that Algeria, in order to achieve local development, has taken a set of reforms, which are still valid until now. The mos

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The application target cost technique by using reverse engineering: An application study in the general company for vegetable oils industry
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The Purpose of this study is mainly to improve the competitive position of products economic units using technique target cost and method reverse engineering and through the application of technique and style on one of the public sector companies (general company for vegetable oils) which are important in the detection of prices accepted in the market for items similar products and processing the problem of high cost which attract managerial and technical leadership to the weakness that need to be improved through the introduction of new innovative solutions which make appropriate change to satisfy the needs of consumers in a cheaper way to affect the decisions of private customer to buy , especially of purchase private economic units to

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 15 2020
Journal Name
Al-academy
Acculturation and its Evolutionary Tendency in the Design of the Prayer Space Elements / Niche – A model: آلاء طالب كريم
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The peculiarity of worship spaces in the Islamic architecture is evident by its symbolic connotations with doctrinal connections, thus the niche has a major status in that symbolic connotation, which transformed due to the cultural interaction from a rock on the wall directed towards Mecca into an element of integrated structural entity with performative and aesthetic characteristics. The spread of the Islamic religion contributed to subjecting it to a design acculturation process, thus the problem of the research was raised by the following question: has the evolutionary tendency of acculturation been able to effect a major transformation in the niche design? The research aims at identifying the design acculturation and its translation

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Crossref
Publication Date
Thu Sep 01 2011
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The relationship between organizational justice and empowerment and their impact on achieving organizational commitment (field study in the Department of Labor and Vocational Training)
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The research has deal with the relationship between organizational justice and empowerment and their impact on the achievement of organizational commitment in the office of Labour and Vocational Training. To study the research problem which is represented a sense that employees with low levels of organizational justice and empowerment and the reflection on the organizational commitment of the employees, so that Has been collecting data and information relating to research by designing a questionnaire, were distributed to a sample of (50) people in the office mentioned, and the results of the study to confirm the research hypotheses. and the key results of the research was the presence of correlation relationships and the effect o

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Crossref
Publication Date
Mon Jan 13 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Role of Capital Adequacy Standards According to Basel Accords (1,2) In the Credit Risks: Case Study
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Commercial banks represent the main pivot in financing national economic activity and its development. The capital represents safety margin to depositors and represents a defense line that protects bank work from dangers. Basel committee requirements represent protection and comprehensive supervision to bank activities for depositors, debtors and the bank. It provides trust in bank dealings and tackles activities of high dangers. The most prominent of these requirements are capital adequacy that concerns bank management and supervision and auditing bodies such as the central bank and protecting banks that suffer weakness in its vital important borrowing activity that reflects weakness in implementing borrowing policy .The purpose

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 29 2022
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The difficulties facing literary sixth students in studying modern and contemporary history from their point of view
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  The research aims to find out the difficulties of studying the subject of modern and contemporary history and its proposed solutions from the point of view of the students of the literary sixth in the secondary schools of the Directorate of Education Rusafa I-Baghdad, the research community of students of the literary sixth stage, which Number(150) students,and to achieve the- And Fisher's equation-and percent weight).The results showed the existence of a number of real difficulties achieved for the study of modern and contemporary history of the sixth literature, and the data showed the existence of Unreal difficulties diagnosed from the students ' point of view .In light of this, the researcher dev

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