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Image Watermarking based on Huffman Coding and Laplace Sharpening
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In this paper, an algorithm through which we can embed more data than the
regular methods under spatial domain is introduced. We compressed the secret data
using Huffman coding and then this compressed data is embedded using laplacian
sharpening method.
We used Laplace filters to determine the effective hiding places, then based on
threshold value we found the places with the highest values acquired from these filters
for embedding the watermark. In this work our aim is increasing the capacity of
information which is to be embedded by using Huffman code and at the same time
increasing the security of the algorithm by hiding data in the places that have highest
values of edges and less noticeable.
The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated using detection
techniques such as Peak Signal- to- Noise Ratio (PSNR) to measure the distortion,
Similarity Correlation between the cover-image and watermarked image, and Bit
Error Rate (BER) is used to measure the robustness. The sensitivity against attacks on
the watermarked image is investigated. The types of attacks applied are: Laplacian
sharpening, Median filtering, Salt & Peppers Noise and Rotating attack. The results
show that the proposed algorithm can resist Laplacain sharpening with any sharpening
parameter k, besides laplacian good result according to some other types of attacks is
achieved.

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 03 2026
Journal Name
Al-anbar University Journal Of Law And Political Sciences
The Effect of E-Government on Public Facility Management Methods (Comparative Study)
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Publication Date
Sat Apr 01 2023
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
Effect of Ginger Powder Addition in Broiler Chicken Diets on Productive Performance
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The purpose of this research was to examine the impact of varying doses of ginger powder on broiler productivity. There were 180 commercial strain Ross 308 day old chicks utilized in the experiment, and each chick was weighed and allocated randomly among four treatments. Three different treatments were tested, each with a replication of 15 chicks. The diet was supplemented with 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0g/kg of ginger powder, respectively, as a control. As compared to the other treatments, the control group had considerably higher body weights, weight growth, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio. Ginger powder use was shown to have a detrimental impact on growth in this investigation.

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 16 2018
Journal Name
British Journal Of Educational Technology
Group tagging: Using video tagging to facilitate reflection on small group activities
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Collaborative learning in class‐based teaching presents a challenge for a tutor to ensure every group and individual student has the best learning experience. We present Group Tagging, a web application that supports reflection on collaborative, group‐based classroom activities. Group Tagging provides students with an opportunity to record important moments within the class‐based group work and enables reflection on and promotion of professional skills such as communication, collaboration and critical thinking. After class, students use the tagged clips to create short videos showcasing their group work activities, which can later be reviewed by the teacher. We report on a deployment of Group Tagging in an undergraduate Computing Scie

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2024
Journal Name
Chalcogenide Letters
Influence of tellurium on physical properties of ZnIn2Se4 thin films solar cell
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ZnIn2(Se1-xTex)4 (ZIST) chalcopyrite semiconductor thin films at various contents (x = 0.0, 0.2, and 0.4) are deposited on glass and p type silicon (111) substrate to produce heterojunction solar cell by using the thermal evaporation technique at RT where the thickness of 500 nm with a vacuum of 1×10-5 mbar and a deposited rates of 5.1 nm/s. This study focuses on how differing x content effect on the factors affecting the solar cell characteristics of ZIST thin film and n-ZIST/p-Si heterojunction. X-ray diffraction XRD investigation shows that this structure of ZIST film is polycrystalline and tetragonal, with (112) preferred orientation at 2θ ≈ 27.01. Moreover, atomic force microscopy AFM is studying the external morphology of

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Publication Date
Thu Nov 29 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Electronic Materials
Numerical Modeling of 193-nm Excimer Laser Ablation on CR-39 Polymer
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Publication Date
Tue Mar 03 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
The Effect of Orthodontic Force on Salivary Levels of Alkaline Phosphatase Enzyme
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Background: Orthodontic tooth movement is characterized by tissue reactions, which consist of an inflammatoryresponse in periodontal ligament and followed by bone remodeling in the periodontium depending on the forces applied. These processes trigger the secretion of various proteins and enzymes into the saliva.The purpose of thi study was to evaluate the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in saliva during orthodontic tooth movement using different magnitude of continuous orthodontic forces.
Materials and Methods: Thirty orthodontic patients (12 males and 18 females) aged 17-23 years with class II division I malocclusion all requiring bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions were randomly divided into three groups according t

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 07 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
On Fully (m,n)-stable modules relative to an ideal A of
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Let R be a commutative ring with non-zero identity element. For two fixed positive integers m and n. A right R-module M is called fully (m,n) -stable relative to ideal A of , if for each n-generated submodule of Mm and R-homomorphism . In this paper we give some characterization theorems and properties of fully (m,n) -stable modules relative to an ideal A of . which generalize the results of fully stable modules relative to an ideal A of R.

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 03 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Antibacterial effects of green tea extracts on Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans (In-Vitro study)
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Background: Green Tea is made from the leaf of the plant “Camellia sinensis”. Green tea is reported to contain thousands of bioactive ingredients including catechins which have shown great promise for having antimicrobial effects. Periodontal diseases represent one of the most prevalent diseases around the world and the main etiologic factor behind it, is plaque accumulation, in addition certain kinds of bacteria have been detected frequently in subjects suffering from periodontitis, Several studies suggested that the outcome of periodontal treatment is better if particular pathogens including Aggregatibacteractinomycetemcomitans can no longer be detected after therapy. Materials and Methods: plaque samples were collected from 2

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 11 2024
Journal Name
Tikrit Journal Of Engineering Sciences
The Effects of Fibers on the Properties of Local Hot Asphalt Mixtures
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Conventional flexible pavements are released to different types of failure in the initial phases of their service life due to high traffic density, high speeds, heavy loads, and harsh climates. To eliminate pavement damage and failure early, the present search investigates the impact of adding glass, steel, and basalt fibers in the asphalt mixtures. Also, the study evaluates these materials characteristics compared to the mixtures without fibers. The Marshall test and tensile strength ratio test (TSR) were utilized to evaluate the asphalt mixture's performance. A set of specimens were produced by incorporating glass fiber (GF), steel fiber (SF), and basalt fiber (BF) at (0.10%, 0.15%, 0.20%), (0.25%, 0.35%, 0.45%), and (0.15%, 0.35%

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 15 2013
Journal Name
Journal Of Kerbala University 11 (3)‏
Effect ofchemicalfertilizerand foliar spray ofgibberellicacidon mineral element andgibberellin-likesubstances content on someolivecultivars‏
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