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The relationship between the muslim authorities and prominent Christian personalities within their territories
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The prophet said that it anybody burdened any of the people or the book more than they could endure he would ben his opponent until the day of judgment.

-under the rightly guided caliphs the Christians had much freedom .this is shown by a letter attributed to ishu-yab III. The Nestorian catholics.

-The third caliph,Uthman favoured the Christians either because of the spcial skills or abilities which they possessed or through the imfluence of his Christian wife Na'ila.

-Under the early Umayyade,the christiansins the Isalamic umma had as much freedom as they had previously enjoyed under the best of their Christians governments because they restorted their churches and appointed many Christians to the government posts.

-From the reign of Abd al-Malik until the downfallof the Umayyad caliphate, the Christians'status deppnded on the attitude of individual governornors and  on relation ship of the caliphate with the Byzantine Empire.

-It would appear that generally speaking the caliph Umar II pursued a stronge anti-christian policy.this emerges from both Christians and some muslims sources

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 29 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
A proposed form for the Combined Assurance report and its impact In achieving sustainable development in the Iraqi economic units
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Despite the importance of sustainable development and its dimensions in developing performance and supporting competitive advantage in economic units, there is a gap and lack of coordination between Combined Assurance  providers (management, internal audit, external audit) to report on sustainable development, and the research aims to propose a model for the Combined Assurance report to achieve development sustainable development in the Iraqi economic units, especially the Baghdad Municipality, enables assurance providers to coordinate efforts that lead to the achievement of Combined Assurance, The research found the proposed model for the Combined Assurance report in achieving sustainable development in the Iraqi economic units, es

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Banking liquidity and the possibility of invested it in enhancing the solvency For a number of commercial banks in Iraq
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The primary function of commercial banks is the process of converting liquid liabilities such as deposits to illiquid assets, (also known as a loan), liquid assets, (aka cash and cash equivalent) in a balanced manner between liquid and illiquid assets, that guaranteed the preservation of the rights of depositors and the bank and not by converting liquid liabilities into liquid assets in a very large percentage. This comes from its role as depository and intermediary institutions between supply and demand, therefore, we find that the high indicators of bank liquidity and solvency may reflect a misleading picture of the status of commercial banks, to some extent in terms of the strength of their balance sheets and

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 28 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Effect of Natural Factors on the Cultivation and Production of Sesame Crop in Al-Qadisiyah Governorate: كوثر ناصر عباس
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Sesame crop, one of the very important oily, industrial, and summer crops that is economically important, has been investigated. The plantation and production of this crop has been studied in Al-Qadisiyah governorate during 2003-218. This is because this governorate is well-known by sesame plantation. Such a study helps to know the geographical distribution of sesame agricultural season in 2017-2018, and explore the most important natural factors that affect its plantation. Different research approaches have been adopted based on that facts that need to be met. A field study approach has been used in studying sesame crop descriptively and conceptually, shedding light on its nutritional and economic importance. Moreover, a descriptive com

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Publication Date
Fri Feb 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
tourism planning and its impact in reducing the unemployment rate in Iraq for the period (1985 – 2015) An analytical study
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Abstract

     The problem of the study is the main question (Can tourism planning address the phenomenon of unemployment in Iraq ?) , And the importance of the study in the fact that the tourism sector can become an effective development alternative in many countries, especially Iraq, as tourism contributes to diversify sources of income and stimulate other economic sectors , We know how important Iraq's qualifications are in the field of tourism and what it can generate on the public treasury, To confirm the current study on the need to pay attention to tourism planning for its role in providing employment opportunities that reduce the unemployment rate in the future.

 &n

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Publication Date
Wed Jan 30 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Culture of mother in the selection clothes of children in the Early Childhood
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Early childhood Is the of the important stages in the life of man and initiated full on others
reliability has been rise in growth toward independence and self-reliance, as is the transition
from the home environment to the kindergarten environment (kindergarten) (4-6) years where
starts in the interaction with the external environment, it is an essential stage in the
construction of sound personal to the child, and choose proper clothes at this age is one of the
important aspects in building the child's personality, as it reflects the clothing behavior and
taste his parents, especially his mother, she is the first responsible for providing clothes for
her children. Children at this stage are dependent the mothers in

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 11 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Impact of the Quranic Readings in Removing the Paradox in Imam Al Wahidi in his Al Wasiet Interpretation in the Holly Quran
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The present study aims at representing the importance of Quranic readings in the interpretation of the meaning of the Holly Quran in Imam Al Wahidi’s interpretation “Al Wasiet”, declaring its meaning, and eliminating of the paradox which takes place when trying to understand the intention of the Almighty Allah in His Holly book. The study aims at:

1- Defining the paradox linguistically and in terminology according to the formatives or the fundamentalists, the scientist of interpretation and of the Quranic sciences.

2-Reasoning paradox in the Quranic readings: Believing in matters that disagree with the Holly Quran and Sunnis, variety of the subjects in the verses, disagreement of the place and the place for the vers

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 06 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Fabrication Mind And The Effect With American Dision –adopt
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Is the subject of the mind took a dimension in philosophy and psychology , and has cared psychologists this topic to a large extent , I started education institutions interest in the capabilities of intelligence since the early twentieth century , and the development of interest in them until he arrived to find Standards and Criteria to identify the degree IQ of any individual , and began to educational institutions interested in mental talent and talented .

The United States is the country chock first of these research projects , but they devoted all their attention on the wish talent mental and Gifted , until I got to the projects, the so-called time ( ( wars of the mind ) ) and projects Schools gifted

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 14 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
fashion and Contrasting in the contemporary Iraqi theater show
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Since its inception, the theatrical performance has been based on the principle of permanence, continuity, renewal and innovation in the structure of its visual elements. These innovations and the effectiveness of continuity cannot be achieved without searching for everything that is new and different at the level (form and content) in order to create an image with innovative and effective features in the theatrical discourse, and from Among the elements of the theatrical performance (theatrical costumes) that have been subject to variation since the beginning of the theater until now, and for this purpose, the current research was conducted with the question of the research problem: What are the variations of costumes in the contemporar

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
On the Split Mersenne and Mersenne-Lucas Hybrid Quaternions
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In this communication, introduce the split Mersenne and Mersenne-Lucas hybrid quaternions, also obtaining generating functions and Binet formulas for these hybrid quaternions and investigating some properties among them.

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 20 2018
Journal Name
Al-academy
Spatial transformations and visual construction in the contemporary theater
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The current research deals with the subject of spatial transformations and visual construction in contemporary theater. How the visual system works to create spatial diversity in the contemporary Iraqi theater performance and how visual construction contributes to a spatial development process capable of building a tourism system that creates an architectural architecture that leaves the topography of the scriptural architecture. And the production of various indications and patterns in the scene of theatrical presentation in order to produce the new foundational meaning by creating a new structure that leads to diversity and diversity in the visual system and the beginning of visual constructions and their applications. Knowledge and te

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