In the present time, radioactive contamination is considered one of the most dangerous types of environmental pollution. It usually takes place because of a leakage of radioactive materials to one of the environment natural components, such as, water, air, and soil. Iraq is considered one of the most contaminated environments in the world; this is closely associated with the wars Iraq had suffered from; especially, in 1991 and 2003. Considering the importance of the radioactive contamination and its different health impacts on the population, the current paper is interested in studying this type of environmental contamination and its impact on the birth defects depending on the data available in the annual reports issued by the Iraqi ministry of health.
Several conclusions were drawn from the current work, among them, is that Iraq is obviously still suffering from the radioactive contamination leftover by wars and that the cities located in the middle and south of Iraq are the most affected ones by this type of contamination because it lies within the wars’ map and it contains 75% of the total population.According to the registered birth defects’ ratios in the period between 2004 and 2013, Baghdad ranked the first with a concentration ratio of 22.3% from the total birth defects in Iraq, followed by Nineveh Province with a ratio of 20.9%, then Basrah and Anbar provinces with a ratio of 9.7% and 9.0%, respectively. However, the minimum ratio belonged to Al-Muthanna province which registered only 1.2% berth defects’ ratio.
ءأرﻘﻟا ةﺎﯾﺣﺑ ًﺎﻘﯾﺛو ًﻻﺎﺻﺗا لﺻﺗﺗ. نﻣ ﮫﺑﺗﺎﮐﻟﻟ ﻲﺻﺧﺷﻟا ﻊﺑﺎطﻟا ﻲﻔﺣﺻﻟا دوﻣﻌﻟا لﻣﺣﯾ ا فﻟﺗﺧﻣﻟ ﮫﻟوﺎﻧﺗ لﻼﺧ وا ﮫﺋارا وا هرظﻧ ﺔﮭﺟو لﻣﺣﺗ ﻲﺗﻟا ﺔﯾﻣوﯾﻟا ثادﺣﻻاو ﺎﯾﺎﺿﻘﻟ ﺢﺿﻔﺑ موﻘﯾو ثادﺣﻻاو ﺔﯾﺑﻟﺳﻟا رھاوظﻟﻟ ىدﺻﺗﯾ وا، ءيرﺎﻘﻟا ﯽﻟا ﮫﺑرﺎﺟﺗ وا هرﺎﮐﻓا ءﺎطﺧﻻا دﺻرﯾ بﯾﻗرﺑ ﮫﺑﺷا وھو، ءيرﺟﻟا دﻘﻧﻟا نﻋ مﻧﯾ بوﻟﺳﺎﺑ ﺔﺋطﺎﺧﻟا تﺎﺳرﺎﻣﻣﻟا ﺎﮭﺣدﻣﯾو تﺎﯾﺑﺎﺟﯾﻻا ﯽﻟﻋ
... Show More
Abstract:
The six Arab Gulf states (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, UAE) play a vital role, especially with its geographical location and natural resources (oil and gas) as well as other cultural and civilizational elements, in achieving global economic balance and more specifically global energy security, naturally because of these countries have a comparative advantage in the field of fossil energy (oil and gas), thus this sector becomes more attractive for local and international investments alike. Being the energy sector a leader sector in the economic development process, and the basic factor to achieve savings and financial surpluses in thes
... Show More
For the most reliable and reproducible results for calibration or general testing purposes of two immiscible liquids, such as water in engine oil, good emulsification is vital. This study explores the impact of emulsion quality on the Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy calibration standards for measuring water contamination in used or in-service engine oil, in an attempt to strengthen the specific guidelines of ASTM International standards for sample preparation. By using different emulsification techniques and readily available laboratory equipment, this work is an attempt to establish the ideal sample preparation technique for reliability, repeatability, and reproducibility for FT-IR analysis while still considering t
... Show More
(13)
(11)
The study aimed to recognize the impact of polygamy on academic achievement and self-confidence among Sattam bin Abdul Aziz University students. To achieve this goal, the researchers used the Descriptive Analytical method using The Self Confidence measurement ,that has been prepared for the purposes of this study, consists set of 29 questions, then applied to the students sample that emerges from polygamy and one- wife families, study sample consists of randomly selected 230 students registered for the year .1435-1436
The results of the study showed presence of medium statistical impact on the significance level (a 4 0.05), this proof significant statistical effect of polygamy on self-confidence among the sample of Prince Sat-tam Univ
The goal of current research to the definition of environmental awareness in the curriculum and its role in sustainable environmental planning, was the research community official regular educational schools (kindergarten, primary, secondary) for the province of Baghdad - Iraq, the sample consisted search of (100) teacher and a teacher, and what research was descriptive analytical, researchers have selected the right tool for the research procedures (closed) questionnaire, distributed to the research sample, has been used by researchers appropriate statistical methods for procedures including: the weighted average extraction unit paragraph,
... Show More
Perceptions of deity have practical effects in a person’s life, especially in his attitudes toward natural things since nature was created, in which man has treated it as something sacred. The Greek philosophers before Plato and Aristotle did not find in them the idea of divinity clear. Rather, they all searched for the first substance or the first cause of existence, and then gave it all the attributes of God from eternity and eternity, and considered it a first reason without which the universe would not have existed. knowledg
The present study aims to study the content and spatial distribution of lead (Pb) contamination in the soils of some Baghdad cities (Middle of Iraq). Twenty soil samples were randomly collected from different land-use in the studied area at a depth between 5 to 30 cm. Ten samples are collected from Al-Rissafa side areas (Adhamiya, Al-Wazeeria (Battery Manufacturer), Shikh Omer, Ziyouna, Karada, Shaab, Sadr city, Al-Za’franiya, Al-Dora expressway, and Alselikh ) and other ten samples are collected from Al-Krakh side areas Al-Dora, Al-Masafi junction, Al-Dora, Sayidia, Al-Salam university college, Al-Bayaa (Industrial District), Jehad, Amirya, Abu Ghraib, Al-hurriya, and Kadhimiya. The soil samples have been analyzed for the lead (P
... Show More
(9)
(1)
A discussion about the repercussions of the exchange rate on the behavior of stock markets became one of the basic principles of financial economics. The Istanbul Stock Exchange , considered one of the fastest financial markets growing in the region, driven by solid economic activity, for a diversified economy which classified as one of the the fastest growing economies in the world. However, the aforementioned market witnessed sharp fluctuations in the past few months, coinciding with the continuous fluctuations in the exchange rate of the Turkish lira, posing a serious challenge to the economic and investment environment in a c
... Show More
The current research aims to diagnose the nature of the relation between dynamic capabilities as an independent variable and competitive advantage as a respondent variable, and identify the role of each of them in achieving the required performance of the organizations and adapt to the rapid environmental changes. The research was applied to the Iraqi Cement State Company one of the formations of the Iraqi Ministry of Industry and Minerals, and based on the importance of the subject matter of the research and the importance of the research sample and company of inquiry, The researcher adopted the descriptive analytical method in completing his research. The sample of the research was Intention
... Show More
(1)
The research has deal with the relationship between organizational justice and empowerment and their impact on the achievement of organizational commitment in the office of Labour and Vocational Training. To study the research problem which is represented a sense that employees with low levels of organizational justice and empowerment and the reflection on the organizational commitment of the employees, so that Has been collecting data and information relating to research by designing a questionnaire, were distributed to a sample of (50) people in the office mentioned, and the results of the study to confirm the research hypotheses. and the key results of the research was the presence of correlation relationships and the effect o
... Show More