The goal of this research is to find the effects of both the studying students groupwhich has various educational levels and the integration of the fragmented information through or during the study of history subjects for the female students of the fifth secondary literary section.
To achieve this study or case the researcher has chosen an experimental design or test by studying three groups: two are as mentioned above and the third is just ordinary team. In addition to that, there is a test after the experiment. The researcher chose on purpose female students of the literal section from two different secondary school Al Asil and Wahran both are secondary school for girls, and both are from directorate of education- Al Karkh 2nd district for the academic year 2014-2015 to make the experiment.
The total number of students were 73 divided as follow: 24 students in the 1st experimental team, 25 students in the 2nd experimental team (integration of the fragmented information and 24 students in the 3rdteam which were taught in classical methods).
The researcher was careful before starting her tests on the three groups of students, in choosing statistically equality in some of the variables, which she thinks may have negative effects on the experiment.
The variables are final grade of history exam of the last year for every student, age of students calculated in months, parents educational level, and the test of prior knowledge of history.
The researcher chose the educational material that should be taught which included the 1st and 2nd chapter from the modern history of Europe and America for the 5th literal secondary class or level. Then she put the behavioral goals depending on the general goals of the material and on the four levels (memory, understanding, practicing, and analysis) according to the Bloom’s taxonomy of learning Domains, which are 72 behavioral goals.
The researcher also prepared teaching plans for the material that should be taught and for the final test which was a multiple choice test containing 50 questions. This final test has been presented to a group of experts and specialists in history, psychological science and teaching methods. The presentation to this group of experts was to examine, to verify the virtual honesty, to produce the difficulty factor or coefficient and to find the strength of its paragraphs. In addition to that, we should find its consistency and the same result of the test when the students repeat the same exam several times.The method called (partial way….)A correction has been made to the reliability factor by using the Spearman-Brown formula. The value of the factor was ( ) and it is accepted in educational and psychological studies.The researcher has personally completed her studies and tests on all the groups. It took a period of two months to do the experiment starting from 1/12/2014 and this was the first quarter of the academic school year 2014—2015.
At the end of the experiment the researcher applied the final test for the history subject. She tested the first two groups on Wednesday 28/01/2015 and on Thursday 29/01/2015 for the classical third group.
The researcher used the Scheffe’s method and the contrast unilateral analysis to process the data statistically. The results are the following:
1-There are differences with statistical indications at the level (0.05) in the average of the students grades of the first group (which they are of various level of knowledge and grades) comparing to the average grades of the third and the classical group of students. The difference is in the benefit of the first group.
2-There are differences with statistical indications at the level (0.05) in the average of the students grades of the second group (which they use the integration method of the fragmented information) comparing to the average grades of the third and the classical group of students. The difference is in the benefit of the second group.
3-There are differences with statistical indications at the level (0.05) in the average of the students grades between the first group (which they are of various level of knowledge and grades) comparing to the average grades of the second group (which they use the integration method of the fragmented information). The difference is in the benefit of the first group.
Below are the recommendations of researcher based on the results of her case study.
1-To emphasis on the need to the attention of the ministry of education to use and teach the modern methods including the (method of various level of knowledge and grades in one group) and (the integration method of the fragments information).
2-Offering and preparing developmental courses for the history teacher. The courses should include the modern methods including the (method of various level of knowledge and grades in one group) and (the integration method of the fragments information).
3- Introducing in the books of history material the modern teaching plans and methods including the (method of various level of knowledge and grades in one group) and (the integration method of the fragments information).
4- Applying the (method of various level of knowledge and grades in one group) and (the integration method of the fragmented information) when teaching other educational material.
The researcher also suggests to practice and to apply similar experiments in:
1- Other situations with different variables and groups other than the various level of education.
2- In different stages and study phases other than the researcher has practiced and experimented.
To conduct a study and make comparison between all-girls and all-boys schools insimilar case studies.
Introduction: An aneurysmal bone cyst are enigmatic lesionof unknown cause and presentation and are difficult todistinguish from other lesions, it is a benign, but expansibletumor like lesion that generally occurs in the long bones. Ananeurysmal bone cyst arising from the flat bone like clavicleis rare .Case presentation: We report a 12-year-old girl child with ananeurysmal bone cyst of the lateral third of left clavicletreated with enblock resection. The pathologic findingsconfirmed the diagnosis of aneurysmal bone cyst. Thepatient has been followed up for one year with no evidenceof recurrence .Conclusion: En bloc resection can be curative and provide good results for this rare type of clavicle tumour.
Background: Assessment of function of the right side of the heart in cases of left ventricular dysfunction has been widely studied but the sensitive and specific echocardiographic parameter to be tested is still a matter of controversy. Right ventricular function is related to left ventricular function by ventricular independence so function of both should be assessed carefully. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of left ventricular systolic dysfunction on right ventricular systolic and diastolic functions and pulmonary pressure using conventional and tissue Doppler echocardiography. Patients and Methods: Sixty patients (39 males and 21 females) with heart failure due to left ventricular systolic dysfunction
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Introduction: An aneurysmal bone cyst are enigmatic lesion of unknown cause and presentation and are difficult to distinguish from other lesions, it is a benign, but expansible tumor like lesion that generally occurs in the long bones. An aneurysmal bone cyst arising from the flat bone like clavicle is rare . Case presentation: We report a 12-year-old girl child with an aneurysmal bone cyst of the lateral third of left clavicle treated with enblock resection. The pathologic findings confirmed the diagnosis of aneurysmal bone cyst. The patient has been followed up for one year with no evidence of recurrence . Conclusion: En bloc resection can be curative and provide good results for this rare type of clavicle tumour.
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In this work, a single pile is physically modeled and embedded in an upper liquefiable loose sand layer overlying a non-liquefiable dense layer. A laminar soil container is adopted to simulate the coupled static-dynamic loading pile response during earthquake motions: Ali Algharbi, Halabjah, El-Centro, and Kobe earthquakes. During seismic events with combined loading, the rotation along the pile, the lateral and vertical displacements at the pile head as well as the pore pressure ratio in loose sandy soil were assessed. According to the experimental findings, combined loading that ranged from 50 to 100% of axial load would alter the pile reaction by reducing the pile head peak ground acceleration, rotation of the pile, and lateral displacem
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A new colorimetric-flow injection method has been developed and validated for the detection of Cefotaxime sodium in pharmaceutical formulations. This method stands out for its rapid and sensitive nature. The formation of a brown-colored complex between Cefotaxime sodium and the Biuret reagent in a highly alkaline environment serves as the basis for the detection. The intensity of this colored complex is measured using a custom-built Continuous Flow Injection Analyzer, enabling accurate quantification of Cefotaxime sodium. Optimization studies of the chemical and physical parameters such as dilution of Biuret reagent, effect of the medium basicity, flow rate, sample loop and others have been investigated. The calibration gra
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Abstract
The issue of inequality in distribution of income and / or consumption expenditure is related to economic welfare because there is an inverse relationship between the economic welfare on the one hand, and the degree of inequality, on the other hand. Despite the fact that inequality is considered as normal phenomenon in every society, but if it exceeded certain limits it will lead to undesirable economic, social and political consequences. Therefore, the availability of indicators about inequality is a necessary tool for planning and evaluation of economic development programs. So, current study is aiming at measuring and analyzing the degree of inequality in distribution of consumpti
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Background: The association of olanzapine with hyperglycemia, an elevated lipid profile, and high blood pressure was early recognized after its approval and has become of increased concern. Objective: To determine the association of olanzapine use with blood sugar levels, lipid profiles, and blood pressure in hospitalized Iraqi patients with schizophrenia. Methods: A cross-sectional study involving 50 hospitalized patients with schizophrenia who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM)-V diagnostic criteria and had taken olanzapine for at least two years was carried out between November 2022 and February 2023 at two facilities in Baghdad, Iraq (Ibn Rushd Psychiatric Teaching Hospital and Al Rashad Hospital
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Background: Malignant lymphoma is the generic term given to tumors of the lymphoid system and specifically of lymphocytes and their precursor cells, While all lymphomas are malignant neoplasms, there is a wide spectrum of clinical behavior, with some following an indolent clinical course and others behaving in an aggressive manner (will causing death in a short time frame if left untreated). The metastatic process involves intravasation and extravasation of tumor cells, followed by reimplantation of tumor cells, formation of a new tumor stoma, Degradation of the extracellular matrix and components of the basement membrane by proteases facilitates the detachment of tumor cells, their crossing of tissue boundaries, and invasion into adjacent
... Show MoreThis study was conducted on the effect of the sedimentary source (the sediments coming from both the Iraqi-Iranian borderline and the Tigris river) on the optical and textural features, especially sphericity and roundness of feldspar minerals (potassium and plagioclase types) in soils of the southern part of the alluvial plain. Eight pedons were selected to represent the study area, five of them represented sediments coming from the borderline, which included pedons of (Badra, Taj Al-Din, Al-Shihabi, Jassan, and Galati), while two of them represent the sediments of the Tigris River (Essaouira, Al-Dabouni), the pedon of Ali Al-Gharbi was represented the mixing area of sediments of all the floods coming from the borderline and the sediments o
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