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The Lingual Criticism and Explication of the Narrative Syntax A reading in Roger Fawler’s Critical Attempt
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الخلاصة

يجمع المختصون أن ليس من نقد إلا وكان مُرحِّلا لنظرية لسانية إلى فضائه، فكان أثر اللسانيات السوسيرية، ومن ثم اللسانيات التوليدية التحويلية معروفا، ولم يكن هذا الأثر محدودا باللسانيين أو نقاد الأدب فحسب، بل امتد إلى الشعراء والجماليين أيضا. وفي هذا البحث سنتوقف عند أثر اللسانيات الوظيفية، وهو ما لم يتوقف عنده إلا قلة من المختصين. ولن نقف عند نقد الوظيفيين للشعر، بل سنقف عند نقدهم للرواية، بقراءة ما قدمه (روجر فاولر). وتأتي أهمية هذا البحث من كونه يسلط الضوء على درس نقدي لم يحظ بالشهرة في ثقافتنا العربية، ولم يقف عنده أحد من الدارسين نقدا أو تبنيا، بالرغم من أنه يقدّم حلا مناسبا للخلط السائد في الكثير من الدراسات الأكاديمية أو النقدية بين الفني والموضوعي (البينوي/ السيميائي).

لقد انشغل النقاد المعاصرون بعرض وتطبيق منهج (جيرار جينيت) ومن بعد منهج (غريماس ومدرسته) وأصبحا موضة نقدية متحكمة بمجريات النظر النقدي العربي.. وما نسعى إليه، بعرضنا لنظرية روجر فاولر ونقدنا لها، الانفتاح بدرسنا النقدي نحو ضفاف مختلة قد تثري بحثنا وتدعم نقدنا للنظريات المتداولة، مولدة وجهة نظر تركيبية بالمنجز النقدي، وتحليلية غنية في التعامل مع النص الإبداعي.

وخلصنا إلى القول: إن مساحة النقد اللساني، برغم سعتها المطروحة في أفكار فاولر، إلا أنها مساحة قادرة على منحنا منهجا يمكن له أن يتجاوز الأحادية التي عرفتها العديد من المناهج السائدة، مثل: منهج جينيت، وتأكيده الجانب الفني، ومنهج غريماس، وتأكيده الجانب الثيماتي. والأحادية الأعمق التي عرفتها الدراسات الأسلوبية في بعديها المحلي (العربي) والعالمي. إذ جرى التأكيد على لغة النص وشكله، واستبعد المحتوى. ومن جانب آخر نراه منهجا أكثر مرونة من مناهج تحليل الخطاب التي جرى التسويق لها بقوة مؤخرا. ثم إن مجالنا النقدي بحاجة إلى أن يتسع برؤاه، في الوقوف عند مختلف الاتجاهات النقدية، والتفاعل مع هذا الاتجاه يمكن له أن يكون خصبا معطاءً. لكن من جانب آخر فإن هذا المنهج بسعته المطروحة يمكن أن يكون تلفيقيا مخلا إذا أسيىء تطبيقه، فليس من الممكن اعتماده من قبل الدارس ما لم يكن ملما، إلى حد ما باللسانيات الوظيفية، لكي يحافظ على قاعدة ارتكازه ولا يضيع بين مدارس كان لها أثرها في تشكل نقد فاولر.

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of big data analytics in measuring and analyzing the quality costs of economic units : applied research in the Iraqi company for seed production
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                The research aims to explain the role of huge data analyzes in measuring quality costs in the Iraqi company for the production of seed, and the research problem was diagnosed with the weakness of the approved method to measure quality costs, and the weak traditional systems of data analyzes, the researcher in the theoretical aspect relied on collecting sources and previous studies, as well as Adoption of the applied analytical approach in the practical aspect, as a set of financial analyzes were applied within the measurement of quality costs and a statement of the role of data analyzes in the practical side, the research concluded to a set of conc

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Publication Date
Tue Sep 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Monetary policy constraints and economic reform programsThe reality of the Iraqi economy
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أن السياسة النقدية في العراق لم تشهد تحسناً كبيراً في دورها المطلوب
منها، وهذا يعود الى جملة من التغيرات على أدائها ودورها في التأثير على المتغيرات الأقتصادية المهمة، اذ حصلت ظروف صعبة على المستوى السياسي والأقتصادي اسهمت في أضعاف دورها في العراق. فالحروب العسكرية الثلاثة في وقت قياسي دمرت البنى التحتية للأقتصاد العراقي، وأخرت عملية التنمية الأقتصادية والبشرية لعدة عقود بسبب الأستنزاف الكبير للمو

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 31 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Reading Comprehension: Theory and Application
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This study aims at discussing the theoretical and applicable parts of the reading comprehension to help the teachers of Arabic. This study shows that the students have a general weakness in reading comprehension. The researcher handles issues related to reading comprehension and to practicing exercises of the training strategies such as: dialogue, discussion, discussion questions, continuous training, group works. Such skills will be used to analyze a poem to see the level of the students’ reading comprehension and to develop the students’ skills. The study answers two questions:
1- What is the reading comprehension from a theoretical perspective?
2- How can we develop the skills of the reading comprehension from the practical

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Publication Date
Wed Apr 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The impact of Emotional Marketing on customer experience applied research in Altaif Company for convertible financial
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Become organizations today can not withstand the competitive challenges and constant change in the business environment , as well as the pressures witnessed by the Iraqi environment , especially in recent years such as the opening of the market  which increased ambitious organizations and desire to secure the experiences superior to the survival and expansion of the competitive environment , prompting attention to the subject of vital contemporary is emotional Marketing and measure its impact on the customer experience in the sector of the economy is important and is the financial sector , so there is a need to study this term in the Iraqi organizations and try to diagnose the extent of implementation of the study sample emo

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Studying and analysis effect level of the Government expenditure and Gross Domestic product in size of the expenditure on the higher education in Iraq (1995 – 2009)
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The education, especially higher education, is an essentially factor in the progress of any society, if we consider the higher education, represents the top  of  the education`s  pyramid which take part in developing the human  resources and provide the human staff to raise the productive efficiency, and improve the social , economic level                                  

In order to face the increasing importance of higher education, great capabilities and expenditures must be available in a continous way, such expe

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Le thème de la solitude et la structure narrative dans Le Procès-verbal de Jean Marie Gustave Le Clézio The Theme of Solitude and Narrative Structure in the Novel of “Trail ” of Jean Marie Gustave Le Clézio
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Abstract

     This paper tackles the theme of alienation as being a concurrent state of human being from birth to death; so extensive is the description of this state by writers. Alienation has been a product of their hard experiences and miserable lives. One such writer is Jean-Marie Gustave le Clézio who was so perfect in describing alienation in his works. Upon so many occasions, he imagined one or more of his characters as living in a chaotic world and so lived safely in alienation. The novel "Le Procès-Verbal" is one of the most important of his works. This paper deals with e the narrative structure of novel while shedding light on the hero's alienation: its essence and causes.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of monetary policy in the aggregate indicator of banking stability in Iraq: An applied research in the Central Bank of Iraq for the period (2010 - 2017)
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The research sought to demonstrate the effectiveness of monetary policy in banking stability by measuring the impact of monetary policy in the composite index of banking stability in Iraq for the period 2010/2017, as the stability of the financial system is one of the main objectives that the Central Bank is keen to achieve along with other objectives to ensure the performance Effective for all economic units, this is what prompted the central banks to give more attention in ensuring the safety, durability and stability of their financial systems, and the increasing interest by the Central Bank of Iraq in the subject of financial stability stems from its responsibility in ensuring a sound and stable financial system. Maintain it and mini

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Freedom of movement of capital and its impact on the effectiveness of monetary policy In Iraq (2005-2016)
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The interest in the issue of capital movement as an economic phenomenon has increased because of its effects and effects and its ability to influence the economic balance and the effectiveness of monetary policy. All countries seek to attract capital and benefit from it because of its effects and results such as supporting economic development process and optimal allocation of economic resources. The problem of the financing gap that most countries suffer from, and others, but sometimes the movement of capital creates challenges for monetary policy makers in achieving their goals.

   After 2003, the Iraqi economy witnessed an openness and economic liberalization unlike previous years, which

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Risk measurement and its role in preparing the target cash flow statement and rationalizing administrative decisions
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Abstract :

The Aims of this research is to describe the concept of risk, its type and method of measurement, and to clarify the impact of these risks on the expected cash flow statement and the preparation of the target cash flow statement that takes these risks into consideration. Because the local economic environment is exposed to many risks, Therefore, this list will be predictive, which will help the economic unit to make administrative decisions, especially decisions related to operational, investment and financing activities. Therefore, the research problem is based on the fact that most of the local economic units are the list of flows According to the actual basis and not according to the discretionary basis (bud

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Publication Date
Fri Jul 01 2016
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Narrative and Electronic news Story: (Semiotic approach)
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The e-news is one of the most important journalistic arts in new media (the Internet). The process of telling the story by the journalist is an important aspect of the communicative process between the users of the internet and the reporter. The electronic news is characterized by having text, fixed images, animations, videos and sound. All these give greater vitality to the communicative process and increase the semiotic dimensions. Also, it makes the narrative process more distinctive and embodied of the elements of the event. This research studies all these aspects and tries to show the distinction between the semiotics of narration and the electronic news.

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