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The Lingual Criticism and Explication of the Narrative Syntax A reading in Roger Fawler’s Critical Attempt
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الخلاصة

يجمع المختصون أن ليس من نقد إلا وكان مُرحِّلا لنظرية لسانية إلى فضائه، فكان أثر اللسانيات السوسيرية، ومن ثم اللسانيات التوليدية التحويلية معروفا، ولم يكن هذا الأثر محدودا باللسانيين أو نقاد الأدب فحسب، بل امتد إلى الشعراء والجماليين أيضا. وفي هذا البحث سنتوقف عند أثر اللسانيات الوظيفية، وهو ما لم يتوقف عنده إلا قلة من المختصين. ولن نقف عند نقد الوظيفيين للشعر، بل سنقف عند نقدهم للرواية، بقراءة ما قدمه (روجر فاولر). وتأتي أهمية هذا البحث من كونه يسلط الضوء على درس نقدي لم يحظ بالشهرة في ثقافتنا العربية، ولم يقف عنده أحد من الدارسين نقدا أو تبنيا، بالرغم من أنه يقدّم حلا مناسبا للخلط السائد في الكثير من الدراسات الأكاديمية أو النقدية بين الفني والموضوعي (البينوي/ السيميائي).

لقد انشغل النقاد المعاصرون بعرض وتطبيق منهج (جيرار جينيت) ومن بعد منهج (غريماس ومدرسته) وأصبحا موضة نقدية متحكمة بمجريات النظر النقدي العربي.. وما نسعى إليه، بعرضنا لنظرية روجر فاولر ونقدنا لها، الانفتاح بدرسنا النقدي نحو ضفاف مختلة قد تثري بحثنا وتدعم نقدنا للنظريات المتداولة، مولدة وجهة نظر تركيبية بالمنجز النقدي، وتحليلية غنية في التعامل مع النص الإبداعي.

وخلصنا إلى القول: إن مساحة النقد اللساني، برغم سعتها المطروحة في أفكار فاولر، إلا أنها مساحة قادرة على منحنا منهجا يمكن له أن يتجاوز الأحادية التي عرفتها العديد من المناهج السائدة، مثل: منهج جينيت، وتأكيده الجانب الفني، ومنهج غريماس، وتأكيده الجانب الثيماتي. والأحادية الأعمق التي عرفتها الدراسات الأسلوبية في بعديها المحلي (العربي) والعالمي. إذ جرى التأكيد على لغة النص وشكله، واستبعد المحتوى. ومن جانب آخر نراه منهجا أكثر مرونة من مناهج تحليل الخطاب التي جرى التسويق لها بقوة مؤخرا. ثم إن مجالنا النقدي بحاجة إلى أن يتسع برؤاه، في الوقوف عند مختلف الاتجاهات النقدية، والتفاعل مع هذا الاتجاه يمكن له أن يكون خصبا معطاءً. لكن من جانب آخر فإن هذا المنهج بسعته المطروحة يمكن أن يكون تلفيقيا مخلا إذا أسيىء تطبيقه، فليس من الممكن اعتماده من قبل الدارس ما لم يكن ملما، إلى حد ما باللسانيات الوظيفية، لكي يحافظ على قاعدة ارتكازه ولا يضيع بين مدارس كان لها أثرها في تشكل نقد فاولر.

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 08 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Obstacles facing the application of electronic banking An exploratory: study of the opinions of a sample of bank employees operating in the city of Nasiriyah
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Electronic banking plays a prominent role in providing the best banking services and upgrading the banking sector for the better, so this study aimed to shed light on the most prominent obstacles that prevent the application of electronic banking in banks operating in the city of Nasiriyah, and in order to achieve this goal the researcher used the descriptive analytical approach And through a questionnaire form that was distributed to a group of employees, numbering (60) employees in the upper, middle and operational departments in a number of branches of private banks operating in the city of Nasiriyah, namely (the Iraqi Trade Bank, the Gulf Commercial Bank, the Bank of Baghdad, the Union Bank of Iraq), which represented The stu

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 06 2020
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
The effect of the media in forming knowledge and political awareness
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Abstract The dissemination of knowledge is no longer confined to schools and universities, not even books. For nearly two centuries, the media have become prominent in disseminating knowledge and culture, in its public and particularly political aspects. After the development of the media from newspapers and magazines to the visual media, their role has increased from the dissemination of abstract information and abstract knowledge towards the process of forming new knowledge through what it publishes and broadcasts from different programs such as drama, news and talk shows. The impact of the media has changed the overall community awareness. Half a century ago the media was not so powerful and widespread. The evolution of the 1990s made

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 30 2008
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
The love of the world and its lusts The preference and bliss of the Hereafter In Surat Al-Imran: "objective study"
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The love of the world and its lusts are the head of sins and the corruptors of religion, and the one who loves and loves them who prefers them over the hereafter is one of the most pitiful of creation, and the least intelligent of them, as he prefers imagination over reality, sleep over wakefulness, fleeting shadow over eternal bliss and the mortal abode over the eternal abode, and he sold the life of eternity for the most luxurious life. In life, it is dreams and sleep or as a fleeting shadow, and as it was said: The intelligent person is not deceived.
The reason for choosing this topic is due to two things:
The first: When I contemplated the reasons for the differences and conflicts that afflicted our wounded and occupied country

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 04 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Degree of Implementation of the Coronavirus Prevention Standards (Covid-19) In the Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia (A COMPARATIVE STUDY BETWEEN FAMILIES OF PEOPLE WITH INTELLECTUAL DISABILITIES AND FAMILIES OF ORDINARY PEOPLE)
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The study aims to identify the degree of implementation of the coronavirus prevention standards (covid-19) in the kingdom of Saudi Arabia and compare it with the families of intellectual disabilities. The study population consisted of all families residing in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. To achieve the objectives of the research, the analytical descriptive approach was employed. The study sample consisted of (372) families, among them (84) families with intellectual disabilities, and (288) families without intellectual disabilities. They were chosen from the Saudi community according to what is available for collection in a simple random way, using the standard criteria for the prevention of coronavirus (Covid- 19) Prepared by the resear

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Publication Date
Fri Oct 23 2020
Journal Name
Biomed Research International
A Computational Model of the Brain Cortex and Its Synchronization
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Obtaining the computational models for the functioning of the brain gives us a chance to understand the brain functionality thoroughly. This would help the development of better treatments for neurological illnesses and disorders. We created a cortical model using Python language using the Brian simulator. The Brian simulator is specialized in simulating the neuronal connections and synaptic interconnections. The dynamic connection model has multiple parameters in order to ensure an accurate simulation (Bowman, 2016). We concentrated on the connection weights and studied their effect on the interactivity and connectivity of the cortical neurons in the same cortical layer and across multiple layers. As synchronization helps us to mea

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 30 2023
Journal Name
حوليات اداب عين شمس
Names of Day of Resurrection in the Hebrew translation of the meanings of the Holy Quran An analytical study Uri Rubin translation as a model
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The present study discusses the names of the Day of Resurrection in Uri Rubin’s translations of the Holy Qur’an. To identify the translation difficulties and complications and to find out the Hebrew equivalence, the study, through the application of a comparative analytical approach, aims at analyzing the linguistic structures of Day of Resurrection names cited in the Holy Qur’an. Heavenly religions are rich with distinct and unique terms that distinguish and reflect their specificity of other religions; something requires a great accuracy in the translation of such terminology. By investigating selected examples of the names of the Day of Resurrection in Arabic and Hebrew, the present study sheds light on the morphological and semant

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The Effect of Using Information and Communication Technology to Improving the Quality of Blended Learning Elements’, a Survey Study at the Technical College of Management /Baghdad
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 The research has been based on two main variables (information and communication technology) and the quality of blended education (physical and electronic), aiming to reveal the relationship between four dimensions (physical devices, software, databases, communication networks) and the elements of education represented by (the teacher, the student, the teaching process, curriculum).  The methodology and post-analysis-based research were conducted at the Technical College of Management / Baghdad through polling the opinions of a random sample that included (80) teachers out of (86) and the number of students (276) representing a random sample from all departments of the college (for the morning study) out of (3500) stud

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Publication Date
Thu Apr 01 2010
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Academic and Practical Frames to The roles Of Systematic Education in the Social and Economic development
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Education in it s different levels becomes development in any country. There fore, nations pay great attention to educational systems, because they perceive that preparing human resources is essential to the development of these nations.
The present study deals with the a academic frames which formulate education in each educational system such as educational philosophy , educational aims , educational strategies by which the academic frames are carried out, which is limited to curriculum, teacher preparations, school activities, in addition to guidance and counseling.
This study reaches some conclusion which are derived from the description of the academic and practical frames some suggestion are made for the mechanism which facil

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 27 2025
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
ADDRESSING THE GOALS OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT IN THE ARAB PRESS:: (An analytical study in the newspapers (Al-Sabah Iraqi newspaper, Algerian ech-chaab Newspaper, and UAE Al-Ittihad Newspaper) (A Research Drawn from Master Thesis)
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The problem of this research is:

What are the sustainable development goals that received the priority in the press addressing of the newspapers under study?

What are the journalistic arts adopted by these newspapers in addressing the sustainable development goals?

What are the journalistic sources that Arab newspapers depended on when addressing the sustainable development goals?

What are the geographic range the Arab newspapers adopted in addressing the sustainable development goals? The research is categorized into descriptive research, adopting the survey method, and using the content analysis method.

The sample of research was determined by the preparation of the Arabic newspapers (Al-

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 27 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Role of Inspection In Achieving Banking Compliance: An Applied Study In A Sample o Iraq Banks
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The Banking Supervision of the most important functions of the Central Bank of Iraq, which he intended to have a strong banking system and a sound and competitive, and exercised control over the banks by inspection bodies to ensure their compliance with the laws, regulations and orders and instructions and the safety of their financial positions.

The research was aimed to release the concept of banking inspection, compliance and problems and obstacles faced by the inspectors, and monitors compliance and down to make recommendations.

Has been reached on a set of theoretical and practical conclusions, including: -

1-confirmed the statistical analysis of the answers to the research sample the importance of the role o

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