To determine the association between cigarette smoking and oxidative stress, a study was conducted in the period from January 2020 to April 2021, at College of Medicine, Al-Nahrain University, Baghdad, Iraq. The Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique was utilized for measurement the antioxidant enzymes including: Glutathione superoxide (GPX) and catalase (CAT) and the biomarker of lipid peroxidation Malondialdehyde (MDA). Also, the gene expression of Nrf2 and HO-1were determined by using RT-PCR technique. The results indicate lower level of both GPX and CAT (p ≤ 0.001) in smokers compared with non-smokers. While the result of MDA indicate higher level in smokers (p≤0.001) compared with nonsmokers. The Nrf2 and HO-1 gene exp

ملخـــص البحــــث

هذا البحث عبارة عن تحقيق لمخطوط في علم الكلام, وعنوان المخطوط هو: (رسالة مؤلفة في كلام الله تعالى), وهذه الرسالة من تأليفات أحد أكابر العلماء في عصره, وهو العلامة ملا عبد الرحمن البنجويني (1319هـ). قام الباحث بإخراج النص بالاعتماد على ثلاث نسخ خطية للرسالة, كما قام بدراسة حياة المؤلف, وموضوع الرسالة.

والموضوع الذي تناولته الرسالة هو مسألة كلام الله تعالى, وهي إحدى

Two series of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives at the sixth position of the 2,4-di-tert-butylphenol group were synthesized.

Objective: The study aimed to screen the prepubertal children for idiopathic scoliosis at earlier stages, and find
out the relationship between idiopathic scoliosis and demographic data such as age, sex, body mass index,
heavy backpacks, and heart & lung diseases.
Methodology: A descriptive study was conducted on screening program for prepubertal children in primary
schools at Baghdad city, starting from 24th of February to the end of October 2010. Non- probability
(purposive) sample of 510 prepubertal children were chosen from primary schools of both sides of Al-Karkh
and Al-Russafa sectors. Data was collected through a specially constructed questionnaire format include (24)
items multiple choice questions, and

Communicative-based textbooks are developed and disseminated throughout the country.
However, it is difficult for teachers who themselves have learnt English through the traditional
approaches to suddenly be familiar with CLT (Communicative Language Teaching) principles
and teach communicatively. Therefore, many teachers remain somewhat confused about what
exactly CLT is and others familiar with CLT but unable to achieve communicative classroom
teaching. Consequently, those teachers need to be introduced to the CLT principles and they need
training in how to put CLT principles into practice. Accordingly, this study aims to find out the
effect of combining video lectures and Kolb experiential learning on EFL student-t

This research aims to identify the level of Voluntary work among university students, and explore the statistical differences of voluntary work among students due the gender and major. A total of (400) male and female student from morning study were selected as a sample to achieve the research's objectives. Al-Malaki (2010) scale was adopted to collect the required data. The results revealed that men take massive part in voluntary work than women, and students of human sciences showed significant differences than those of other majors.   

The research aims at constructing a Scale of Kindness phenomenon among university female students and elicit criteria to it, It also recognizes the differences in kindness levels among female students according to variables (specialization, academic grade, social status, and the age). The sample consists of 534 female students who were selected randomly. The two researchers rely on experience and the results of questionnaire, The questionnaire is given to 130 female university students from different colleges as well as their acquaintance with literary works witch dealt with kindness , The scale consists of 39 items , It has psychometric characteristics (Validity and Reliability) . The criterion (Z) is extracted from it and throu

The current research aims to measure the level of mental fatigue among the teachers of the University of Baghdad, as well as to measure the significant differences according to the variable of mental fatigue in terms of male and female teachers, specialization (humanitarian, scientific), and title (professor, assistant professor, lecturer). To achieve these current goals, a random sample of (300) teachers from University of Baghdad was selected for the academic year 2019-2020. To measure the mental fatigue, the researcher developed a tool to measure the variable included (56) items. The research revealed that the study sample is mentally tired, the female sample is more mentally tired than males, there are no statistically significant di

يسهم التدريب الرياضى بصفه عامه فى  الانشطه الرياضيه المختلفه وفى الكرة الطائره بشكل بصفه خاصه اسهاما بارزا لتحقيق المستويات المتقدمه ويهدف البحث الى اعداد منهجين تجريبين للتدريب الكروس فت  باسلوبي الاتجاه الموحد والمتعددوقد اجري البحث على عينه قوامها (12)لاعبا شابا من نادي الصناعه الرياضى ولقد قسموا الى مجموعتين متساويتن اذ تم تطبيق المجموعه الاولى باسلوب الاتجاه الموحد والمجموعه الثانيه باسلوب ا