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jcoeduw-1545
Employment and Labor Union Laws in Japan between the 1889 and 1946 Constitutions: A Comparative Study: أفراح محمد علي
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This research is based on the descriptive and analytical methodology. The importance of studying labor laws and labor unions in Japan between 1889 and 1946 constitutions is because Japan was out of a feudal phase, and had no idea about the factory system and industrialization in their modern sense before the Meiji era. Generally, its labor system used to be mostly familial, and the economic system was based on agriculture. This called for the enactment of legislations and laws appropriate for the coming phase in Meiji era. Thus, this paper examines the role of Meiji government in enacting labor legislations and laws when he came to power in 1896, and his new constitution in 1889 and the civil code of 1896. It further examines the way Meiji government and the following Japanese governments until the end of World War II did not abide by Meiji laws and stipulations of the constitution with their abusive actions in ending the workers’ strikes and disputes, with the inequality between genders in labor and wages, and the use of child labor in factories in an inhuman way. The paper clarifies the role of the American occupation of Japan (1945-1952) after dissolving Meiji constitution and legislations and the government measures that followed them to enact new legislations, laws and constitution for Japan on November 3, 1946, which was active in May 3, 1947. The paper has concluded that the American occupation policy of Japan was able to avoid the dissidence of millions of Japanese workers, whose level of livelihood was deteriorating after their country lost the war, and convert them from a dissident group against the occupation to a peaceful group which did not target the occupation in their future goals.

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Publication Date
Fri Jun 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Identify Similarities and Differences between the IIA Standards and the Guide Work ofthe Internal Audit in Iraq
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This study aimed at an analytical comparison of the Internal Auditing Standards issued by the Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) and the Guidance Manual for Audit Units issued by the Federal Audit Bureau to show the compatibility and differences between them and the possibility of applying the IIA standards to economic units in Iraq. The guideline was generally not covered by all the internal audit units. There is a lack of keeping pace with changes in internal auditing at the international level and there is a need to strengthen the Guideline on Internal Auditing Standards II A), which is characterized by the preparation of an internal document containing the objectives, powers and responsibilities of the internal audit work as well a

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 05 2024
Journal Name
Al-academy
Problematic theatrical landscape design Between the director and designer
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This research discussed analytically based on intellectual institutions and theoretical landscape theater as artistic phenomenon depends on the compounds interacting overlapping mechanism visualization and dazzling Whatever the dilemma it a set of Alaqcar differ among themselves but in the result unit intellectual holds through difference and diversity between trends and styles and ways in design theorist theatrics Valashkalah on apparently formed through variations and different points of view through the philosophy of transformation and interpretation and assignment to offer privacy.
Valashkalah pulled in the design theorist theatrical as system training to arrange time and place and in line with the interpretation of speech text an

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 03 2018
Journal Name
Al-academy
Typographic Accomplishment between the Manual Skill and Contemporary Technology
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     The typographic accomplishment is the most important means of cognitive communication and carries a message from the sender to the recipient which serves a certain objective functionally, economically and advertisingly.

            The design of typographic accomplishment depends on two different techniques, the first is manual, which depends on the skill, training and individual achievement of the designer and his ability to design and produce typographic accomplishment with manual skill effects. The second one is the contemporary digitization which is represented by computers, programs and printers attached to them. The problem of the current resear

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Languages (jcl)
Comparación entre los dos gigantes de la literatura universal "Miguel de Cervantes y William Shakespeare"
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The literature in general, such as the spanish literature as british literature presence lot of literary figures giant that managed its continuing work that leaves lasting impression and clear in all fields of literary world throughout history, among these writers giants can remind great writer spanish (Miguel de Cervantes) and the great british writer (William Shakespeare), this study is about them.

We can say that there are a lot of studies , works and gossip , whether literary or non- literary show how the close relationship that bound both Cervantes and William Shakespeare, although they did not meet personally never, it was not able to critics that the sweep of the differences and similarities that was between the two, becau

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 14 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Classroom communication in art education lessons between concept and function
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The issue of communication and communication is receiving increasing attention in both contemporary studies and educational literature, and these studies emphasize the importance of studying communication within the classroom, which inevitably applies to the importance of relationships and tensions in the field of teaching art in particular because it is an emotional field that provides an opportunity for communication competencies and skills to be prominent and take Its wide scope, both among the students themselves and between teachers and students. The means of communication are the vessel in which the cultural relations and the commonalities between people revolve. The process of building relationships between students depends in man

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Analysis The Consistency Between The Tariff And The Exchange Rate And Their Reflection On The Trade Balance In Iraq
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       The trade balance is considered as a way to join the national economy with the world, So it is the mirror that reflect the economic center of the country and it is point to competitive ability of it, The tariff and the exchange rate perform a great role to motivate the domestic production and improve the trade balance if we direct them to achieve the same purpose. The Iraqi economic has trade balance which achieve overabundant during the years of studying because of the oil exports, while the other exports represent a small percentage it is hardly remember, and expansion in imports from other side causes exhaustion in oil revenues, and this make the trade balance in permanent

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Publication Date
Mon Mar 07 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The Mental Disorder of mothers as a Mediating Variable Between Marital adjustment and Kindergarteners Development
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This current study aimed to explore the mediation effects of mother's mental health symptoms between marital adjustment and child development aspects. (666) participants of mothers and their children were the sample of the study. The researchers used the marital adjustment scale prepared by Manson, Morse, Lerner, Arthur, as well as, a package of tests for some aspects of growth Kindergarten children prepared by Kenawi and Mohamed (1999). In addition, theyemployed a list of modified symptoms (Symptom Checklist-90- Revised (SCL) -90-, prepared by Derogatis, Lipman and Lipogun & Cov (1976), The results of the current study showed there is a statistically significant relationship between marital adjustment and the symptoms of mental diso

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Relationship between serum Nesfatin-1, Adiponectin, Resistin Concentration, and Obesity with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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            Diabetes mellitus caused by insulin resistance is prompted by obesity. Neuropeptide Nesfatin-1 was identified in several organs, including the central nervous system and pancreatic islet cells. Nesfatin-1 peptide appears to be involved in hypothalamic circuits that energy homeostasis and control food intake. Adiponectin is a plasma collagen-like protein produced by adipocytes that have been linked to the development of insulin resistance (IR), diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2), and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Resistin was first identified as an adipose tissue–specific hormone that was linked to obesity and diabetes.  The aim of this study was to estimate the relationship between human serum nesfatin-1, adiponect

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Publication Date
Mon Feb 04 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The Effectiveness Of the Poetic Text Between the Presence and Absence in Abu Firas al_Hamdani Romyate
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Abu Firas al- Hamdani is one of the most prominent abbasid poets Who characterized their poetry with high artistic quality especially in his Romyate which blended the quality of feelings of grief, sorrow, longing and nostalgia that makes sensitive self conflict that stems with time from one hand and with place on the other hand. Because we are dealing with a poet lived west spatial coercive which it has been hurt him within a time conflict swinging between despair and some times patience and hope other times between the present and his painful reality also between the past and the beautiful times.
This researcher is to stand on this Romyat by monitoring effectiveness of the poetic text based on conflict between the presenc

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 09 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
The Boundary between Advertisement and Mass Media Overlapping Levels in the Press (The Case of Iraq)
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The advertisement is important in maximizing the resources of journalistic institutions. It helps them to perform their duties and also establishes their independence. However, this type of communication has often overlapped with other types of communication, including media and publicity.

Those in charge of the press bear responsibility in this regard, as some of them harness the advertisement for personal purposes; or detrimental to media content. Many communication authorities have drawn attention to the danger of confusing the concepts and levels of the three activities and have moved towards establishing rules to reduce overlap between them.

The aim of this research is to try to disengage the concept of advertising,

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