A mathematical model was proposed to study the microkinetics of esterification reaction of oleic acid with ethanol over prepared HY zeolite catalyst. The catalyst was prepared from Iraqi kaolin source and its properties were characterized by different techniques. The esterification was done under different temperature (40 to 70˚C) with 6:1 for molar ratio of ethanol to oleic acid and 5 % catalyst loading.    The microkinetics study was done over two period of time each period was examined individually to calculate the reaction rate constant and activation energy. The impact of the mass transfer resistance to the reactant was also investigated; two different studies have been accomplished to do this purpose.    The e

The evacuated tube solar collector ETC is studied intensively and extensively by experimental and
theoretical works, in order to investigate its performance and enhancement of heat transfer, for Baghdad climate
from April 2011 till the end of March 2012. Experimental work is carried out on a well instrumented collector
consists of 16 evacuated tubes of aspect ratio 38.6 and thermally insulated tank of volume 112L. The relation
between convective heat transfer and natural circulation inside the tube is estimated, collector efficiency, effect of
tube tilt angles, incidence angle modifier, The solar heating system is investigated under different loads pattern (i.e
closed and open flow) to evaluate the heat loss coefficient

This study calculated the surface roughness length (Z_o), zero-displacement length (Z_d) and height of the roughness elements (Z_H) using GIS applications. The practical benefit of this study is to classify the development of Baghdad, choose the appropriate places for installing wind turbines, improve urban planning, find rates of turbulence, pollution and others. The surface roughness length (Z_o) of Baghdad city was estimated based on the data of the wind speed obtained from an automatic weather station installed at Al-Mustansiriyah University, the data of the satellite images digital elevation model (DEM), and the digital surface model (DSM), utilizing Remote Sensing Techniques. The study area w

Many undergraduate learners at English departments who study English as a foreign language are unable to speak and use language correctly in their post -graduate careers.  This problem can be attributed to certain difficulties, which they faced throughout their education years that hinder their endeavors to learn. Therefore, this study aims to discover the main difficulties faced by EFL students in language learning and test the difficulty variable according to gender and college variables then find suitable solutions for enhancing learning.  A questionnaire with 15 items and 5 scales were used to help in discovering the difficulties. The questionnaire was distributed to the selected sample of study wh

Abstract: The aim of the research identify the effect of using the five-finger strategy in learning a movement chain on the balance beam apparatus for students in the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Science, as well as to identify which groups (experimental and controlling) are better in learning the kinematic chain on the balance beam device, has been used The experimental approach is to design the experimental and control groups with pre-and post-test. The research sample was represented by third-graders, as the third division (j) was chosen by lot to represent the experimental group, and a division Third (i) to represent the control group, after which (10) students from each division were tested by lot to repr

A new computer-generated optical element called a monochrome image hologram (MIH) is described. A real nonnegative function to represent the transmittance of a synthesized hologram is used. This technique uses the positions of the samples in the synthesized hologram to record the phase information of a complex wavefront. Synthesized hologram is displayed on laser printer and is recorded on a film. Finally the reconstruction process is done using computerized .

Medical image security is possible using digital watermarking techniques. Important information is included in a host medical image in order to provide integrity, consistency, and authentication in the healthcare information system. This paper introduces a proposed method for embedding invisible watermarking in the 3D medical image. The cover medical image used is DICOM which consists of a number of slices, each one representing a sense, firstly must separate the ROI (Region of Interest) and NROI (Not Region Of Interest) for each slice, the separation process performed by the particular person who selected by hand the ROI. The embedding process is based on a key generated from Arnold's chaotic map used as the position of a pixel in