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jcoeduw-118
The Rights of the Non-Muslims During the Rule of the Prophet Mohammed and Rashidians Succession Theoretically With Historical Witnesses
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(Thimma) in Arabic means compact, and immunity. (People of Thimma) are the free non-Muslim people under Muslim rule. This includes Heavenly Religions people, i. e., Christian and Jews).
They have been called (People of Thimma) because they had paid (Jizyah: tribute) so they became safe for their souls, honor, properties at the custody of Muslims.
Islamic law had posed (Jizyah: tribute) upon the Jews and Christians who were living under Muslim rule as a reaction of not embracing Islam Faith against securing their rights and freedom.
Freedoms secured by Islam for the (People of Thimma) had been many, including the right of faith, not coercing them to be Muslim, the right to live, to possess properties, protect and secure them, their right to make use of the state facilities in addition to their freedom to practice their religious rituals.
There are numerous Quranic verses, and Prophetic traditions which clarify the rights enjoyed by Christian and Jew people. There are also a great deal of historic evidence which confirm these people's enjoyment of their rights and their freedom under Muslim rule.

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 28 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of educational institutions and regulatory bodies to reduce the financial and administrative corruption
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This research seeks to clarify the regulatory and educational role of the regulatory and educational institutions in reducing the phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption as a dangerous phenomenon of the communities, as it touched search kinds of financial and administrative corruption and the causes and effects, as well as to the role of educational institutions in reducing this phenomenon, and finally between experiments some SAIs and accounting Arab and foreign countries on how to reduce the phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption.The research aims to several targets which shed light on the role of educational and supervisory institutions in reducing corruption, a statement origins and evolution of and justi

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 30 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The strategic recovery of the insurance service and its reflection on achieving the strategic goals: research My application in the National Insurance Company
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The research topic dealt with the strategic recovery of the insurance service, which is one of the approaches that have an important role in providing solutions and remedies for the recession that affects companies and hinders them from achieving their strategic goals. The research also addressed the strategic objectives of the company as the rationale and actual guide for companies of all activities in order to protect their systems from deviation for its desired purpose. So the aim of the research is to demonstrate the repercussions of the strategic recovery of the insurance Service represented by (compensation, speed of response, apology, initiative (identifying the problem). The company's strategic goals are represented (prof

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 01 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The adoption of ISO 45001: 2018 in the civil aviation establishment test and its accessibility to the standard
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The current research aims to analyze the extent of the adoption of the standards of ISO 45001: 2018 for occupational safety and health management by the General Establishment of Civil Aviation. The research problem was the extent to which the General Establishment of Civil Aviation approved ISO 45001: 2018 for occupational safety and health management. The questionnaire was used as a primary data collection tool, the sample was distributed (50) form, they were selected from the category of employees of the establishment at different levels to represent the research community. Data were analyzed using the statistical package (SPSS), a number of vector statistical methods were used as well as arithmetic mean, standard deviation, an

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The relationship between the central government and local administrations in the federal system: Experience the Iraqi model
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   Increasingly, public organizations in the federal state are required to work together, as well as to work with others to achieve their objectives. In Iraq there are two levels of organizations, including federal and local, and these organizations have been forced to work for many years in an environment in which the responsibility for service delivery is shared between policy makers and service providers, and between local governments and the federal government. It is sometimes difficult to manage the relationship between these organizations (federal and local) and do not always provide the best possible outcome of this relationship. This paper reviews how to manage the relationship between local administrations and

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 15 2024
Journal Name
Al-rafidain Journal Of Medical Sciences ( Issn 2789-3219 )
The Impact of the Chlorhexidine Gel (WISDOM®) on Postoperative Sequelae Associated with the Surgical Removal of Impacted Mandibular Third Molars: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial
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Background: One of the most prevalent procedures in oral surgery is the removal of impacted mandibular third molars, typically accompanied by trismus, edema, and pain. Several methods and biomaterials were implemented to mitigate or avoid these surgical problems. Objectives: To evaluate the efficiency of chlorhexidine gel (WISDOM®) in minimizing postoperative sequelae associated with the impacted mandibular third molar that will be surgically extracted and its role in promoting early soft tissue closure of the surgical site. Methods: The study design was a double-masked and randomized, controlled clinical study that included healthy patients needing the removal of a mandibular third molar through surgery. The participants were rand

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 22 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Measuring and analyzing the relationship between the volatility of US stock market indices and the volatility of oil prices
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The volatility of the financial markets and the oil market plays a major role in influencing macroeconomic activity, as well as the high interaction between the both markets and the remarkable sensitivity to their each other fluctuations which cause the undesirable impact on other economic sectors as an expected result due the mentioned interaction.

The study aimed to analyze the relationship between the volatility of the major US market indices represented by the DJIA index, S & P500, due to their comprehensiveness of the financial market, as they summarize the performance of the entire US market which is the largest economy in the world, as well as the difference in the calculation mechanism, and oi

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
The evolution of demographic variables and their relationship to the demographic opportunity in Iraq and the possibility of investing
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The variables of quantitative and qualitative Population role in the economic development process and it was said the human center of development and population is the goal of development and its tool , and Iraq suffers from problems in the economic growth and the standard of living and development in general, and if I want him evolution and development sectors must pay for these demographic changes especially , to study and that invest Pmaasb in the interest of the man
The study of the demographic situation in Iraq and at the provincial level to track paths demographic change and its impact on the entry of Iraq to the demographic window due to the change in the age structure of the population and how to use them and invested well in

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Publication Date
Thu Jun 01 2023
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Design and study the effect of inner bore diameter on the magnetic and optical properties of the unipolar lens
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    Many designs have been suggested for unipolar magnetic lenses based on changing the width of the inner bore and fixing the other geometrical parameters of the lens to improve the performance of unipolar magnetic lenses. The investigation of a study of each design included the calculation of its axial magnetic field the magnetization of the lens in addition to the magnetic flux density using the Finite Element Method (FEM) the Magnetic Electron Lenses Operation (MELOP) program version 1 at three different values of current density (6,4,2 A/mm2). As a result, the clearest values and behaviors were obtained at current density (2 A/mm2). it was found that the best magnetizing properties, the high

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 21 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Planner And Development
The Role of Information Technologies in the Management and Sustainability of Land Use in Future Cities
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The most important contemporary issues which related to the survey of the influence of communication development technology to land use sustainability. The research aims to explain the changes that happened in the quality & land use activities performance by understanding the transformations due to modern technology and its impact on current uses and its impact on changing functional relationships between those uses to create new combinations or hybrid uses.Research will follow the analytical descriptive approach in presenting the problem of research. Research has several conclusions & recommendations, one of conclusions is the change of the place concept and its relation to changing the concept of land use and its sustai

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Doctrinal monotheistic modeling of religion: the impact of the political aspect on Islamic sources and books
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         The political system in Indonesia, since gaining independence from the Dutch colonialism on the seventeenth of August 1945, has gone through long stages. The Indonesian constitution stipulated that the country is based on a democracy. In 1956 the first free elections were held in Indonesia, and President Sukarno announced the adoption of the directed democratic system Then, during the era of President Suharto, the state entered a phase called democracy based on the Five Pancasila principles, which is a false democracy because it served the interests of Suharto, who in his long reign had political and economic corruption leading up to 1998, when the Indonesian people revolted, and the government of Soeharto was overthrown

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