تحتل أدوات السياسة المالية (الإنفاقية والإيرادية) مكانة مهمة بين أدوات السياسات الاقتصادية الأخرى لما تتمتع به من تأثيرات اقتصادية واجتماعية على مجمل النشاط الاقتصادي .

     وفي بحثنا هذا سنركز على الآثار الاجتماعية لأدوات السياسة المالية (الإنفاق العام والإيراد العام) لما للتنمية الاجتماعية من أهمية متزايدة في عالمنا اليوم خاصة فيما يتعلق بمقوماتها غير المادية المتمثلة في خدما

The research aims at conducting a follow-up evaluation of a number of strategic projects implemented by the Directorate of Public Municipalities, one of the Ministry of Construction, Housing and Municipalities and Public Works. The sample included (35) varied strategic projects implemented in most Iraqi governorates. Buildings, municipal buildings, minarets, massacres, multi-story parking, paving and rehabilitation of streets and residential neighborhoods. The difference between the actual and planned times and costs of these projects was then measured and analyzed. These projects were used as a tool for collecting data and information. The questionnaire included four axes, each representing one of the parties to the project, whi

Abstract: Plastic pollution is a major issue of the current century. This waste is found in seas, freshwater, lakes, rivers, coastal areas, and soil. In this article, this article discusses the various sources of plastic pollution, including the manufacturing process of plastics and the addition of materials to improve their properties, as well as the use of single-use plastics that are not recyclable, in addition to burning and illegal waste disposal in the open. The impact on public health is through human exposure to toxins from plastics in the environment directly through inhaling dust and fumes, consuming contaminated food and drink, and skin contact. Indirectly, when marine creatures consume microplastics, they will find their way

The aim of this study was to assess the nutrition status for students samples at the age of 18- 35 years, these samples were taken from Karbala university, 142 of them were male and 318 were female. Date on weight, height and body mass index (BMI) were determined for each individual. This samples were taken in order to record their nutritional behavior and daily food intake during the 24 hours prior to the visit through personal meeting using special questionnaire. The results showed that the weight and the height were within the range of the people of neighboring Arab countries, who are in the same age. Beside 63.28% for female and 58.33% for male were within the normal weight using body mass index. Percentages of overweight were betwee

The problem with search in multiple positions that shows where kids behavior Talaa resulting in an imbalance in the balance of the child's personality and future results on his being psychological and that stand in front of achieving individual to itself and to confirm his self-confidence so many of the parents overlook behaviors their children have Aergon to reasons The real behind it, including the form of attachment shown by children to their parents and their reaction towards him and for that researchers resorted to Search attachment Altjunba and its relationship to self-esteem. The research aims verification of goals: 1- dangling the Altjunba the children Riyadh. 2- significant differences between males and females and kindergarten

In children "dependency" appears during the pre-school age ,Assoon as the child begins to distinguish people surrounding him, he tends to be aware of certain people and tries purposefully to draw their attention . This dependency develops and is reinforced as the child s family shows her tendency to help the child in all what he does any task .Therefore as it seems that the extent to which a child becomes dependent or independent relies on a number of interrelated variables which are usually put together in one formation . The two researchers have chosen three variables used in studying comparing and measuring the aspects of dependent behavior . These chosen variables are (1) The child s sex (2) The child s ordinal position in the f

Revealing the relation betweensuicide and the degrees of hope loss at student of the university. In order to achieve the objective of this research , researcher erected measurement for suicide imagination and adopting Alinizi Measurement -2004 of hope loss for the university students .Researcher made adaptation for university students after assuring sincerity , steadiness and distinguishing abilities for the items of both mentioned measurements according to the sample ( 320 university students) were chosen randomly from six departments in the amount of three colleges in college of sciences for girls and three colleges in college of education for girls for two stages ( first & fourth ) . After treating the data statistically by using

Abstract
        The research has discussed the public relations as dependent variable of its branch dimensions( confidence , commitment, control and satisfaction ) and the governmental service quality as independent variable of its branch dimensions (response, dependency, emphasis, tangibility and sympathy), and the research problem has represented by weakness of service quality presented to the customers dealing with company, which is observed via  field co-existence of the researcher, where he observe that the quality presented in the company services, are inappropriate with the customers expectations level, also there is weakness of attention and recognition by the

The current research aims to determine the necessary linguistic competencies for Arabic language teachers of the preparatory stage (fourth grade preparatory), which were five main competencies: Arabic grammar competencies, literary competencies, cultural competencies, rhetorical competencies, and expression competencies. To achieve the objective of the research, the researcher developed a questionnaire as the main tool for collecting data based on literature, it consists of (28) items including the five main competencies. The questionnaire was administered to (60) male and female teachers at Al-Karkh's first Education Directorate in the city of Baghdad. The findings of the research indicated that Arabic language proficiency got the highe