Reciprocal Teaching is an interactive method that is used to improve reading comprehension. Using this teaching strategy, teachers and students take turns leading discussions regarding sections of text using the four strategies: predicting, questioning, clarifying and summarizing. This study is an attempt to investigate the effect of using reciprocal teaching on improving female college students' achievement in reading comprehension. To fulfill the aim of the study, the researcher has adopted two null hypotheses: first, there is no significant difference between the achievement of students' who practice the reciprocal teaching technique and that of students who do not practice it. Second, there is no statistically significant difference between the experimental group students' achievement in the pre and posttests of reading comprehension. To achieve the aim of the study, a four-week experiment was conducted using pretest-posttest nonequivalent groups design. Two groups of thirty students each were selected from the population of first year students/college of education for women-department of English. One group was selected as the experimental group (namely section C D) and other group was selected as the control group (namely section E F). Both students of the experimental and control groups were exposed to pre and posttests. Using the t-test for two independent samples, it is found that there is a statistically significant difference in favour of the experimental group. This indicates that reciprocal teaching technique is more effective than the presentation practice production teaching or the Lecture Method teaching. At the end of the research paper, conclusions, recommendations and suggestions for further studies are put forward.
This work involves synthesis and characterization of some new 1, 3, 4-thiadiazole or pyrazoline derivatives heterocyclic containing indole ring. The new 2-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole derivatives [IV] and [V] a, b were synthesized by cyclization reaction of 2-methyl-1H-indole-carbothiosemicarbazide [III] in H2SO4 acid or by reaction of indole-3-acetic acid or indole-3-butanoic acid with thiosemicarbazide in the presence of phosphorous oxychloride, respectively. Amide derivatives [VI]-[VIII] were synthesized by the reaction equimolar of 2-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazoles and (acetyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, anisoyl chloride and heptanoyl chloride) in DMF and pyridine as accepter. The new pyrazolone derivatives [XI] a, b were synthesized from heati
... Show MoreIn this work, thiadiazole derivatives were prepared by taking advantage of active sites in (2-amino-5-mercapto-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole) as a starting material base. The main heterocyclic compounds (1, 3, 4-thiadiazole, oxazole) etc, 2-amino-5-mercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole compound (1) was prepared by cyclic closure of thiosemicarbazide compound with anhydrous sodium carbonate and carbon disulfide. Oxidation of (1) via hydrogen peroxide, to have (2) which was treated with chloro acetyl chloride to get (3). Preparation of thiazole ring (4) was from reacting of (3) with thiourea. Synthesis of diazonium salts (5) from compound (4) using sodium nitrite and HCl. Compound (5) reacted with different ester compounds to prepare a new azo compounds (6–8).C
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This research was aimed to study the exposure of Razzazah Lake to major hydrological changes in recent years as a result of natural climatic changes and drought, high evaporation in lake due to stop discharge from Habbaniyah Lake by Al- majera channel. During 2019, we collected surface water samples at three locations, and three samples from groundwater, in addition one samples from each location Imam Ali Drop and Sewage water of Karbala. The Results show that the heavy isotopes in lake and groundwater well are enriched during the warm period, and depleted during the cold period. Chemically, The dominant cations and anions in Al-Razzaza lake water are mainly of in Order Ca > Na > Mg and Cl>SO4 and the water
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Objective: To identify the effectiveness of instruction oriented intervention for primipara women upon episiotomy and self
perineal care.
Methodology: A quasi-experimental study was carried out to determine the effectiveness of instruction-oriented
intervention for primipara women upon episiotomy and self-perineal care. A purposive "non-probability" sample of (60)
primipara mothers was selected from Ibn AL-Balady Pediatric and Maternity Hospital, Al-russafa, Baghdad. The sample
has been divided into two groups; (30) primipara women who were considered as a study group, and another (30) primipara
women who were considered as a control one. The study group was exposed to an instruction-oriented intervention. While,
the