Reading strategies are of interest for what they reveal about the ways readers manage their interaction with written texts and how these strategies are related to text understanding, acquisition ,storage ,and retrieval of information .In EFL comprehension lessons, the students try to work out interpretations of the meaning related to the written word through the usage of different comprehension strategies. Yet, there are moments where the participants in the classroom fail to reach a successful understanding of the passage read despite the guidance of the teacher. The present research aims at investigating and identifying moments of comprehension failure and reasons behind them .It also aims at specifying the different strategies used in terms of type and number of occurrences. It is hypothesized that some students in EFL classrooms fail to understand parts of written texts because they do not use any kind of strategy at particular stages of the comprehension process. The samples selected for the research are the two sections of first year students in the Department of English language, College of Arts and Letters in Cihan University. Each section included 30 students who study comprehension as a basic course ,through their first academic year, in an average of 3 hours per week. Eight comprehension lessons have been recorded and the passages discussed during these lessons , were chosen from the students' text book ‘’Practice & Progress’’ by L.G. Alexander, 1967. The research provides a brief overview of the studies related to the process of reading comprehension .It also illustrates the ways many linguists identified the factors contributing to understanding written texts during the previous years. This is followed by mentioning the general strategies that are used by learners of the English language with explanation of their meaning and role in comprehending written texts. Section two presents the analysis of the recorded lessons. Though the discussions of eight passages were recorded, only three of them were included in the research due to shortage of space. Moments of comprehension failure are specified by the letters (CF) with reference to the reason. Types of strategies used during the lessons are identified as well. Finally, it is concluded that the students sometimes fail to grasp the meaning of some lines or parts of a text because they don't use certain strategies .The analysis of the lessons also shows that the strategies that are mostly used by the students, in their attempt to understand what they read, are: using prior knowledge, inferring meaning, questioning, visualizing, and determining importance which are used in sequence and number of occurrences that differ from one text to another .On the other hand, strategies like synthesizing and summarizing are hardly ever used in some texts and never used in others. The research also illustrates the significant role of the teacher that contributes to the students’ critical thinking and understanding of the written text
Basically, media studies focused on the important role of the blogs in boosting the democratic process in the Arab States. Blogs also worked on creating an alternative media for the public that maintained freedom of expression. However, media studies ignored the status of the blogs in the social and cultural fields.
The current study tries to tackle the socio-cultural dimensions of the blogs by means of showing how the blogs construct the self. The researcher is going to conduct interviews with the bloggers. He will also carry out a semiotic analysis that may reveal the strategies used by the bloggers. Besides, he tries to identify the realistic and traditional frames in which the social relationships are buil
A new Differential Evolution (ARDE) algorithm is introduced that automatically adapt a repository of DE strategies and parameters adaptation schemes of the mutation factor and the crossover rate to avoid the problems of stagnation and make DE responds to a wide range of function characteristics at different stages of the evolution. ARDE algorithm makes use of JADE strategy and the MDE_pBX parameters adaptive schemes as frameworks. Then a new adaptive procedure called adaptive repository (AR) has been developed to select the appropriate combinations of the JADE strategies and the parameter control schemes of the MDE_pBX to generate the next population based on their fitness values. Experimental results have been presented to confirm the reli
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Despite scholars’ attention on the typology of modality as a linguistic phenomenon, yet the use of modality across varieties of English is not well visible in communication-based researches that take semantics, pragmatics and discourse issues as the objects for their investigation. The paper generates its data from six M. A. dissertations from Nigerian University and equal number of the M. A. dissertations from Iraqi University to qualitatively and quantitatively investigate the contextual use of modality within the pragmatic perspective. The data analysis reveals that modality such as usuality, potentiality, necessity, probability and obligation in the dissertations encapsulates interpersonal and authorial voice in which the mean
... Show MoreThe Maghreb Did not know modern problem more complex and dangerous than the problem of Western Sahara, which is the first obstacle in front of building Arab Maghreb, did not enter Post-independence governments in attrition mutual since liberation wars until today, as happened with this problem between Morocco and Algeria supporting the Polisario Front separatist and did not know the end after so, this research focused on the show dimensional geopolitical to this problem and reveal the role of regional and international behind its continuation and the latest developments after the revolutions Arab Spring and its impact on the problem and the end of UN mission new to the Sahara and results.
The sunna has the great effect in building the Islamic civilization, and the formulation of the Islamic thinking. It worked at spreading of soicinces at every district of Islam. The purified sunna represent one of the main monuments of Islam after Quran in clarifying the basics of the human intercommunication, and the divine reality. It comes as an explanation to the myertious accounts in the shariaa and sunna that it has begun to form an intellectual depth of the Mulsims' life. The importance ofsunna is it is the second source of legislation in Islamic after the holt Quran. It comes only to affirm what have been mentioned already in theHoly Quran, or clarifying what is not clear in the Quran.
This research tackles the semantic function of colors in the poetry of Gada Al Samman, in the introduction the research explores the difference in the semantic colors for people and the function of these colors in arising the feelings for the human spirit and its influence on that spirit. The research tackles the poems of this poetess that are full of symbolic colors that convey positive and negative meanings related to the poetess herself. In addition the research shows the functions of colors in her poetry through the compatibility of colors by employing colors in her poetry in terms of compatibility with the vision of community to denote colors. Beside using the function of colors contrast by employing the colors in different meaning
... Show Morewealth which has, as well as the factors which entered the national consciousness of thousands of the continent 2. has not been possible to continue the national resistance in Namibia means spontaneous first and in light of the factors of national awareness of the new has taken sweeping the continent during the interwar period in the thirties and forties of the last century, marked by the return of a lot of educated Africans who have received their education in the countries of Western Europe, where traders who looktoa life of freedomenjoyed bythe people ofWaldo.. As well as awareness of labor represented by the working class and the work of strikes and mass anti-exploitation, which was subjected to factor in the region in wages and lack
... Show MoreThe role of kindergarten in the development of moral values of children" The child moral education in institutions of basic education considered as the priority of values and social goals of methodical education , and consideringto how the child be in the kindergarten of susceptibility to absorb and configuration and modification of experiences, thus the kindergartens are important because of their influence in the formation of his character through reincarnation of the personality of those who manage education and try to imitate their values and attitudes and standards of right and wrong. This is also happen through his exercise of educational activities until he has moral insight which enables him to distinguish between good and evil b
... Show MoreThe study aims to build a model that enhances trust-building for public and private banks to compare and determine the significant differences between public and private banks, by testing the impact of governance mechanisms (transparency, accountability, justice, independence, and social responsibility) (Agere, 2000) on trust-building strategies (trust and trust building, people management, work relations, training and development, leadership practices, and communications) (Ngalo, 2011; Stone et al., 2005), to indicate the level of employees’ awareness of the theoretical contents of the two variables and their importance to banking work, with the aim of improving performance. The main question is the role of governance mechanisms
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