Reading strategies are of interest for what they reveal about the ways readers manage their interaction with written texts and how these strategies are related to text understanding, acquisition ,storage ,and retrieval of information .In EFL comprehension lessons, the students try to work out interpretations of the meaning related to the written word through the usage of different comprehension strategies. Yet, there are moments where the participants in the classroom fail to reach a successful understanding of the passage read despite the guidance of the teacher. The present research aims at investigating and identifying moments of comprehension failure and reasons behind them .It also aims at specifying the different strategies used in terms of type and number of occurrences. It is hypothesized that some students in EFL classrooms fail to understand parts of written texts because they do not use any kind of strategy at particular stages of the comprehension process. The samples selected for the research are the two sections of first year students in the Department of English language, College of Arts and Letters in Cihan University. Each section included 30 students who study comprehension as a basic course ,through their first academic year, in an average of 3 hours per week. Eight comprehension lessons have been recorded and the passages discussed during these lessons , were chosen from the students' text book ‘’Practice & Progress’’ by L.G. Alexander, 1967. The research provides a brief overview of the studies related to the process of reading comprehension .It also illustrates the ways many linguists identified the factors contributing to understanding written texts during the previous years. This is followed by mentioning the general strategies that are used by learners of the English language with explanation of their meaning and role in comprehending written texts. Section two presents the analysis of the recorded lessons. Though the discussions of eight passages were recorded, only three of them were included in the research due to shortage of space. Moments of comprehension failure are specified by the letters (CF) with reference to the reason. Types of strategies used during the lessons are identified as well. Finally, it is concluded that the students sometimes fail to grasp the meaning of some lines or parts of a text because they don't use certain strategies .The analysis of the lessons also shows that the strategies that are mostly used by the students, in their attempt to understand what they read, are: using prior knowledge, inferring meaning, questioning, visualizing, and determining importance which are used in sequence and number of occurrences that differ from one text to another .On the other hand, strategies like synthesizing and summarizing are hardly ever used in some texts and never used in others. The research also illustrates the significant role of the teacher that contributes to the students’ critical thinking and understanding of the written text
Improving speaking skills of Iraqi EFL students was the main purpose of the current research. Thirty EFL students were selected as the research participants for achieving this aim. All students completed the pretest and then spent the next 25 weeks meeting for 90 minutes each to present their nine lectures, answer difficult questions, and get feedback on their use of language in context. Progressive-tests, posttests and delayed post-tests followed every three courses. The researcher utilized SPSS 22 to anal Analyze the data descriptively and inferentially after doing an ANOVA on repeated measurements. It has been shown that using the ideas of sociocultural theory in the classroom has an important and positive impact on students of
... Show MoreIraqi EFL teachers face problems in teaching “English for Iraq Series” for primary public school pupils. In this paper, the researchers are going to identify the main problems faced by our teachers and try to find solutions to these problems. To achieve the aim of the study, list of questions asked and from teachers’ responses, the researchers have got an idea about the main problems which are related to textbook material, parents, learners, environment and technology. Therefore, the researchers adapted a questionnaire to achieve the purpose of the study with some changes and modifications. This questionnaire with five point scale (strongly agree, agree, undecided, disagree, strongly disagree). To achieve face validity, the
... Show MoreThe research discussed the role of interrelationships between the product attributes and the individual identity of the brand and the user, starting from reviewing the identity concepts in the general design propositions and the identity from the industrial design perspective, and highlighting the role of the attributes in identifying the individual identity of the product, which would enable the user to adopt them to be representative of his identity, starting from identifying the importance of the identity being characterized by three major elements: innovating products in the user's viewpoint, viewing the user's environment, the methodology of the design language, and identifying the identity attributes in the industrial product start
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The exegesis of the underpinnings adopted Isolationists to prove their beliefs, and a confirmation of their dogmatic ideas, as it depends mentality dimensions exegesis and logical cited as confirms Isolationists discharge verses Confusables in the Koran that are incompatible with their dogmatic origins. The interpretation of the text needs a deeper denote movement stresses the mind and influence in guiding the text by catalysing the mind to get to the diligence who leads to the desired meaning, and remains the owners of Justice and uniformity vision of creation the divine instantly or future. Isolationists exegesis who is based on reason and logic, who set off him for the disposal of verses and hadiths that phenomena indicate that God is
... Show MoreThe recent strategic thought requires research and study to indicate the banks
suitable which enable them to protect its location in the market and to face the
challenges that appeared in the 20 – first century.
The research aims at shedding light upon the effect of financial resources growth
strategic to a bank loan policy.
A questionnaire of ( 30 ) managers, with in different management levels , was
used.
In order to test hypotheses, the present research has relied upon ( Multiple
Regression ) to the influence being exerted at a level ranging between
(0.01,0.05,0.10) The analysis of hypotheses also started a number of
recommendation that might contribute in rising the standard of applying banking
Iraq
Reading roles as the third skill in the range of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learning. Although the capability of reading in both academic and non-academic texts is assessed on standardized tests, few of oral interpretation of written language excludes images from estimating literary knowledge. This paper highlights strategies of reading comprehension and visual literacy. It aims to investigate either textual or visual reading in EFL can make an impact on students' comprehension. The effective use of visuals changes instructing reading comprehension recently.The imagery-text model can affect developing reading comprehension and enhancing intellectual thinking. The study hypothesizes that there is no relationship between reading and
... Show MoreOrientalism in all its stage had wrote thousands of studies and researches about Islamic and its civilization. It didn't leave any side of Islamic culture sides without saying award in it. Orientalists have their studies in Islamic jurisprudence. The study of jurisprudence give the orientalist and opportunity to deeper understanding for Islamic society in the past and nowadays considering that it is a veal application to Islamic general thought. They search in its sources, brunches, history, development, center, ideology, and effect. For this most of orientalist writings in Islamic jurisprudence start from criticism that deny its originality which to be about to gather that Islamic jurisprudence had been affected by non– Islamic resour
... Show MoreChina is the first Asian country in the Far East that has been invaded by a foreign power, after following a policy of isolation against the outside world. Although Britain was the first foreign power that penetrated China and had many concessions within its lands, it was not the only one that directed its interests toward china. Russia was one of the powers which were interested in China, considering the special relationships that related together the neighboring countries, like the problematic boundaries. However, after World War II, the Soviet Union tries to extend its influence and power over Asia, and China was the first country that fell under the campaign on the Soviet Union. In spite of the fact that the political role of the Uni
... Show MoreThe research deals with an important issue that many people are working on, namely the sanctification of the texts on which the timings of the time and the different conditions of the place took place. Do not live up to the ranks of perfection and perfection, and every effort has explanations according to the mind machine, which is not protected by infallibility from error. The great downfall is to put these intellectual efforts in the Bible without separating them from the Word of God. The situation and the place on the adherents of a religion and mixed with the trick of the average individual only to be subject to the words of the teachers of Sharia and docility.
استهدف البحث تشخيص وتحليل الاسباب التي تجعل المرأة العراقية أكثر تأثراً من الرجل بعوامل التغيرات المناخية، فضلاً عن زيادة الوعي بقضية المرأة في هذا المجال، لأن موضوع دمجها في صياغة السياسات والاستراتيجيات المتعلقة بالتغير المناخي أصبح قضية عالمية، ويحتل مرتبة متقدمة في مؤشرات تحقيق أهداف التنمية المستدامة، وأستخدمت الباحثة المنهج الوصفي والتحليلي والاحصائي في تحليل محاور البحث، وتوصل البحث الى إستن
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