Reading strategies are of interest for what they reveal about the ways readers manage their interaction with written texts and how these strategies are related to text understanding, acquisition ,storage ,and retrieval of information .In EFL comprehension lessons, the students try to work out interpretations of the meaning related to the written word through the usage of different comprehension strategies. Yet, there are moments where the participants in the classroom fail to reach a successful understanding of the passage read despite the guidance of the teacher. The present research aims at investigating and identifying moments of comprehension failure and reasons behind them .It also aims at specifying the different strategies used in terms of type and number of occurrences. It is hypothesized that some students in EFL classrooms fail to understand parts of written texts because they do not use any kind of strategy at particular stages of the comprehension process. The samples selected for the research are the two sections of first year students in the Department of English language, College of Arts and Letters in Cihan University. Each section included 30 students who study comprehension as a basic course ,through their first academic year, in an average of 3 hours per week. Eight comprehension lessons have been recorded and the passages discussed during these lessons , were chosen from the students' text book ‘’Practice & Progress’’ by L.G. Alexander, 1967. The research provides a brief overview of the studies related to the process of reading comprehension .It also illustrates the ways many linguists identified the factors contributing to understanding written texts during the previous years. This is followed by mentioning the general strategies that are used by learners of the English language with explanation of their meaning and role in comprehending written texts. Section two presents the analysis of the recorded lessons. Though the discussions of eight passages were recorded, only three of them were included in the research due to shortage of space. Moments of comprehension failure are specified by the letters (CF) with reference to the reason. Types of strategies used during the lessons are identified as well. Finally, it is concluded that the students sometimes fail to grasp the meaning of some lines or parts of a text because they don't use certain strategies .The analysis of the lessons also shows that the strategies that are mostly used by the students, in their attempt to understand what they read, are: using prior knowledge, inferring meaning, questioning, visualizing, and determining importance which are used in sequence and number of occurrences that differ from one text to another .On the other hand, strategies like synthesizing and summarizing are hardly ever used in some texts and never used in others. The research also illustrates the significant role of the teacher that contributes to the students’ critical thinking and understanding of the written text
The research starts from studying the contractual budget, which is one of the modern trends in preparing public budgets, both operational and capital, in addition to meeting the requirements of the global trend to achieve sustainable growth in all fields, whether financial or non-financial, and tools for the contractual budget have been identified (participation contracts, planning Implementation, monitoring) and studying its impact in supporting sustainable development through its dimensions (economic, social, and environmental). The method of the questionnaire was adopted as a main tool in collecting information on research variables and distributing it to a sample of (70) individuals who dictate positions of professional respo
... Show Morethis research concern with material function subject by using it in Baghdad education in formational places , because it considered as one of the most important spaces which needs a material presentation for the interior consistings that shares with prepairing the right mode for thos who use these spaces, regarding to that this research includes four chapters: Chapter one: concern with the research problem represented by the following question: can we use the material to place the hole spaces of information place ? So the aim of the research seems very obvious in functioning the material these places, and to take a close view on the importance of the research the theory , implementation and objective limits also concerning the terminolog
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The research deals with the important and modern two subjects, strategic leadership which have six demotions and knowledge management
(four demotions') . the gools & the research is to know the relation & the effect them in the oil ministry (project department) , the sample was (50) persons who works in the department the questionnaire was the tool of data gathering .
The research divided to four parties, the first to the theotical review of the research variables, the second to the research methrology, the third to analysis and discoed the empirical results the last to the conclusions and recommendations .
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Abstract In light of the changing conditions that prevail in society, and the intense competition that institutions and countries are forced to face, especially after the opening of markets, and the transformation of the world into what is called a small village, entrepreneurship has emerged as an important tool for dealing with the developments of societies, whether it is related to individual business projects or Economics for national business, leadership was the key to any driving force towards achieving growth. Today, women are no longer captive to a specific orientation, but rather all horizons and fields of work have been opened to them, and they have been able to occupy the most important economic, voluntary, service, and
... Show MoreThe influence of culture on accounting systems and practices, including financial reports and accounting information through the values identified by Gray and derived from social-cultural values, and the four accounting values were derived from generally accepted accounting principles represented by (Conservatism, Uniformity, Secrecy, and Professionalism). Important and significant in maximizing financial performance, and measuring the extent of the role of these values in improving financial performance through attention to the values of accounting culture, this research
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The study aims to identify the degree of Tabuk University practices to raise the intellectual awareness of students through scientific research, as well as to identify the degree of Tabuk University practicing to raise the intellectual awareness through the educational process (faculty member – activities). The study also seeks to identify the degree of Tabuk University practicing to raise the intellectual awareness of students through community service and university media. The study is descriptive in nature that employed the questionnaire as a tool in collecting data. Total of (540) students were chosen randomly from different colleges at universities of Tabuk to form the study sample. The results showed that faculty member has pract
... Show MoreThe current research aims at testing test the relationship and the impact of strategic leadership (strategic vision, Core competencies , human capital, organizational culture and Ethical practices) in the talent management (to attract talent, performance management talent, developing talent and retain talent) among managers in the Ministry of Science and Technology Iraq, and figuring out a number of recommendations to the ministry to help achieve its desired objectives, and to clarify the relationship between the variables to find the main and secondary aim of the research two major hypotheses have been formed which split into ten sub-hypotheses. Collecting data on a form questionnaire has been relied on as an essenti
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Women's rights in social studies and national textbooks in the secondary stage in the light of the international charters of women's rights and the cultural specificity of the Saudi society Abstract The current study focuses on exploring women rights that required to be involved in social studies and national textbooks in the secondary stage in the light of international conventions on women's rights and cultural specificity of the Saudi society, as well as to reveal the teachers and educational supervisors' estimation about the degree of importance of those components included in the books, and then build a matrix of the range and sequence of women's rights in the books of social studies and national in the secondary stage. The study us
... Show MoreThe organizations and institutions of the developed countries have given attention to the subject of the knowledge economy by using advanced technology in the function of tax examination because of the important and effective role in ensuring the accuracy of the tax accounting process procedures, But the General Commission of taxes is still using traditional methods in the field of tax examination which affects the performance of its work. This research aims to explain the level of effect on introducing advanced methods of Economics and knowledge represented by advanced communication technology in the field of practicing tax examination function in the General Commission of taxes, A questionnaire has been used as a mea
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