The study showed a significant rise in the proportion of the labor force in agriculture
activity among the detailed economic activities in 1997 with a rate (%28.9), and then
decreased to (%18.8) in 2011, and this belong to the deterioration of agriculture and the
transition to the other economic activities.
2- The highest percentage of male's participation in year 1997 obtained by the activity (A),
which is represented by agriculture , where was (%30.0) while the highest percentage of
female's participation has been brought by the activity (M) which is represented education
with a rate (% 47.9). while in 2011 that the highest proportion of males' concentration
obtained by the activity (L) with a rate (%23.1) while the highest proportion females'
concentration obtained by the activity (M) with a rate (%37.2).
3- The third field (services) came, in the first rank for years 1997 and 2011 with a rate
(%58.9), (%74.8) successively, and the reason of this rise belong to transition the workers
from agriculture and industry to services after the deterioration of agriculture and stopping
most of state's factories on working after year 2003
4- The majority of workers in the districts of the province urban areas are working within the
activities of the third field, which are represented by services and the associated terms, and
had the first rank with the proportion of workers in year 1977 with a rate (%78.3) and then
increased to (%89.8) in year 2011, while the workers in the rural areas that the field of
agriculture had the first rank for the years 1997 and 2001 with a rate (%72.9) in year 1997and then decreased to (%58.8) in year 2011, and the reason for this decline belong to the
orientation of workers in the countryside to work in the services' activity.
This paper is concerned with Double Stage Shrinkage Bayesian (DSSB) Estimator for lowering the mean squared error of classical estimator ˆ q for the scale parameter (q) of an exponential distribution in a region (R) around available prior knowledge (q0) about the actual value (q) as initial estimate as well as to reduce the cost of experimentations. In situation where the experimentations are time consuming or very costly, a Double Stage procedure can be used to reduce the expected sample size needed to obtain the estimator. This estimator is shown to have smaller mean squared error for certain choice of the shrinkage weight factor y( ) and for acceptance region R. Expression for
... Show MoreThis investigation proposed an identification system of offline signature by utilizing rotation compensation depending on the features that were saved in the database. The proposed system contains five principle stages, they are: (1) data acquisition, (2) signature data file loading, (3) signature preprocessing, (4) feature extraction, and (5) feature matching. The feature extraction includes determination of the center point coordinates, and the angle for rotation compensation (θ), implementation of rotation compensation, determination of discriminating features and statistical condition. During this work seven essential collections of features are utilized to acquire the characteristics: (i) density (D), (ii) average (A), (iii) s
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The dimensions of bubbles were measured in a stirrer tank electrochemical reactor, where the analysis of the bubble size distribution has a substantial impact on the flow dynamics. The high-speed camera and image processing methods were used to obtain a reliable photo. The influence of varied air flow rates (0.3; 0.5; 1 l/min) on BSD was thoroughly investigated. Two types of distributors (cubic and circular) were examined, and the impact of various airflow rates on BSD was investigated in detail. The results showed that the bubbles for the two distributors were between 0.5 and 4.5 mm. For both distributors at each airflow, the Sauter mean diameter for the bubbles was calculated. According to the results, as the flow rate raised, the bubb
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This paper is interested in comparing the performance of the traditional methods to estimate parameter of exponential distribution (Maximum Likelihood Estimator, Uniformly Minimum Variance Unbiased Estimator) and the Bayes Estimator in the case of data to meet the requirement of exponential distribution and in the case away from the distribution due to the presence of outliers (contaminated values). Through the employment of simulation (Monte Carlo method) and the adoption of the mean square error (MSE) as criterion of statistical comparison between the performance of the three estimators for different sample sizes ranged between small, medium and large (n=5,10,25,50,100) and different cases (wit
... Show MoreIn this paper, suggested formula as well a conventional method for estimating the twoparameters (shape and scale) of the Generalized Rayleigh Distribution was proposed. For different sample sizes (small, medium, and large) and assumed several contrasts for the two parameters a percentile estimator was been used. Mean Square Error was implemented as an indicator of performance and comparisons of the performance have been carried out through data analysis and computer simulation between the suggested formulas versus the studied formula according to the applied indicator. It was observed from the results that the suggested method which was performed for the first time (as far as we know), had highly advantage than t
... Show MoreAbstract:
The achievement of economic and social welfare for individual is the main target to all policies that adopted by all countries worldwide either were economic, social, political or others. The obtaining of education by individuals and especially the higher education is one of the most important determinates in achieving the wellbeing and lasted economic development. This is because via the higher education new fields can be opened in front of individuals in order to get adequate jobs associated with their scientific specialization. This is allowing educated individuals gain higher income that can reduce the gap of income inequality.
Thus, this paper aims to analysis the n
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The reliability of the stress-strength model attracted many statisticians for several years owing to its applicability in different and diverse parts such as engineering, quality control, and economics. In this paper, the system reliability estimation in the stress-strength model containing Kth parallel components will be offered by four types of shrinkage methods: constant Shrinkage Estimation Method, Shrinkage Function Estimator, Modified Thompson Type Shrinkage Estimator, Squared Shrinkage Estimator. The Monte Carlo simulation study is compared among proposed estimators using the mean squared error. The result analyses of the shrinkage estimation methods showed that the shrinkage functions estimator was the best since
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This research aims to investigate the color distribution of a huge sample of 613654 galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). Those galaxies are at a redshift of 0.001 - 0.5 and have magnitudes of g = 17 - 20. Five subsamples of galaxies at redshifts of (0.001 - 0.1), (0.1 - 0.2), (0.2 - 0.3), (0.3 - 0.4) and (0.4 - 0.5) have been extracted from the main sample. The color distributions (u-g), (g-r) and (u-r) have been produced and analysed using a Matlab code for the main sample as well as all five subsamples. Then a bimodal Gaussian fit to color distributions of data that have been carried out using minimum chi-square in Microsoft Office Excel. The results showed that the color distributions of the main sample and
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Ten species of whiteflies (Hemiptera, Aleyrodidae) representing six genera were studied from a collection from different localities in the middle of Iraq. These species are Acaudaleyrodes rachipora (Singh, 1931); Bemisia afer (Priesner and Hosny,1934); Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius, 1889); Dialeurodes citri (Ashmead,1885); Dialeurodes kirkaldy (Kotinsky, 1907); Neomaskellia andropogonis Corbett, 1926; Siphoninus phillyreae (Haliday, 1835); Trialeurodes ricini (Misra, 1924); Trialeurodes vapovariorum (Westwood,1856) and Trialeurodes irakeensis (Al-Malo and Abdul-Rassoul, 2000). Notes are given on their localities, date of c
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