Background: Orthodontic tooth movement is characterized by tissue reactions, which consist of an inflammatoryresponse in periodontal ligament and followed by bone remodeling in the periodontium depending on the forces applied. These processes trigger the secretion of various proteins and enzymes into the saliva.The purpose of thi study was to evaluate the activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in saliva during orthodontic tooth movement using different magnitude of continuous orthodontic forces.
Materials and Methods: Thirty orthodontic patients (12 males and 18 females) aged 17-23 years with class II division I malocclusion all requiring bilateral maxillary first premolar extractions were randomly divided into three groups according to the magnitude of the force application (40, 60 and 80gm). A sectional fixed appliance was bonded and designed to give labial force to the maxillary first premolar for three weeks. Unstimulated saliva was collected from the patients before force application, then 1 hour after force application, followed by 1 day, 7 days, 14 days and 21 days.Salivary levels of ALP were measured using spectrophotometer and compared with the baseline level.
Results: The results revealed that ALP enzymelevel increased with increasing magnitude of orthodontic force (from 40 to 80gm). This was statistically insignificant after 1 hour and 1 day of force application, but significant after 7, 14 and 21 days.The ALP level significantly increased from baseline after 7 days of force application and peaked at 21 day for all the three force levels.
Conclusions: The ALP level reflect the biological activity that takes place in the periodontium during orthodontic tooth movement, and therefore they can be used as a diagnostic tool for monitoring of correct orthodontic tooth movement in clinical practice.
Historical scripts and Academic studies have bestrewed almost all the events of the movement of march 1941 . Yet the need was present to shine more light on important sides . These important sides were neglected due to some reasons among which came the absence of the historical material which can make a new historical detection. Then there were historical topics concerning our research which comes within context of sanitarily conditions , rarely seizes the attention of the researchers for many reasons some of them were not subjective.
The spread of Malaria among the British force was one of the sanitarily conditions that were related to the movement of march since their arrival to Basra city and its continuous spread after the second
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Kamel, S.H., R.F. Al-Jassani and H.A. Al-Shammari. 2022. Effects of Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacillus thuringiensis tenebrionis Isolates and Biologically Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles on Cellulase Enzyme Activity in Workers' Digestive System of the Termite Microcerotermes diversus Silv. Arab Journal of Plant Protection, 40(4): 315-324. https://doi.org/10.22268/AJPP-40.4.315324 The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of different bacterial isolates of P. fluorescens and B. t. tenebrionis and silver nanoparticles on the activity of the cellulase enzyme in termites' middle digestive system and its role in glucose release by treating cellulose media with bacterial strains and nanoparticles. Ultraviolet spectroscopy re
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Background: Periodontal diseases are initiated by microbial plaque, which accumulates in the sulcular region and induces an inflammatory response. The Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand / osteoprotegerin (RANKL/OPG) axis is involved in the regulation of bone metabolism in periodontitis, in which an increase in receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand or a decrease in osteoprotegerin can tip the balance in favor of osteoclastogenesis and the resorption of alveolar bone that is the hallmark of periodontitis. This study was performed to investigate the role of salivary levels of RANKL and OPG in pathogenesis of chronic periodontitis. Subjects and Methods: Fifty five subjects with chronic periodontitis with ages rang
... Show MoreBackground: It had been found that passive smoking may have the same harmful effect as tobacco cigarettes smoking. Aims: This study was conducted to determine the effect of passive smoking on salivary glutathione peroxidase and selenium in relation to dental caries severity. Settings and Design: The sample consisted of 120 children aged 5 years old, classified into four groups according to the number of cigarettes smoked by their fathers daily: Passive smoking children of 5-10 cigarettes, those of 10–15 cigarettes daily, those of 15–20 cigarettes daily and non-passive smoking children of no smokers indoor (the control group). The sample was further classified according to dental caries severity into three groups: mild (DMFS values <4
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Background: Cyclin D1 proto-oncogene is an important regulator of (G1 to S) phase progression in many different cell types. The Aims of this study were to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of Cyclin D1 in mucoepidermoid and adenoid cystic carcinoma of the salivary glands and to correlate the immunoexpression of this protein with the clinicopathological findings. Materials and methods Retrospectively, twelve of archival formalin fixed paraffin embedded tissue samples of salivary Mucoepidermoid and fourteen blocks of adenoid cystic carcinomas obtained from the archives of the department of oral pathology / college of dentistry / Baghdad university, Al-Shaheed Ghazi hospital, were included in this study. Five micrometer sections o
... Show MoreTHE EFFECT OF SPREACL of KNOWLEDGE ON ETHICS
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Some of the characters of the Staphylolysin A and D enzymes purified from Pseudomonas aeruginosa P16 and P5 respectively were studied, the molecular weights of Staphylolysin A and D were 20.417 kilo dalton and 23.988 kilo Dalton respectively by SDS- polyacryl amide gel electrophoresis. The optimum pH for staphylolysin A activity was found to be 8 which gives higher activity reaches 150 unit/ml, and for enzyme stability was 7.5-8.5 in which the enzyme nearly retained its full activity, while it was 9.5 for staphylolysin D that gives higher activity of 16 unit/ml,and 8.5-9.5 for enzyme stability in which the enzyme nearly retained its full activity, Maximum activity of two enzymes was obtained at 40C in which the specific activity for st
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