Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitusand chronic periodontitis hold a close relationship that has been the focus of many researches. Currently there is an appreciation to the role of adipose tissue-derived substances "the adipokines" in immune-inflammatory responses; also, there is an interest in using the simple non-invasive saliva in diagnosing and linking oral and general health problems. The current study aims to determine the periodontal health status in the chronic periodontitis patients with and without poorly or well controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus, measure the salivary levels of two adipokines "leptin and resistin", pH and flow rate and then correlate between these clinical periodontal, biochemical and physical parameters in each study and control groups. Materials and Methods: Seventy five males were recruited for the study, with an age range of (35-50) years. The subjects were divided into four groups: two non-diabetic groups: one of them with healthy periodontium and systemically healthy (Control, 15 subjects) and the other with chronic periodontitis (20 patients) and two type 2 diabetic groups: well controlled (20 patients) and poorly controlled (20 patients) both of them with chronic periodontitis.Unstimulated whole salivary samples were collected from all of the participants; salivary flow rate and pH were measured and then biochemically analyzed for assessment of resistin and leptin levels.Clinical periodontal parameters included: the plaque index, the gingival index, the bleeding on probing, the probing pocket depth and the clinical attachment level had been recorded for all subjects at four sites per tooth except for the third molars. Results: The results of clinical periodontal examination revealed that the group of chronic periodontitis with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus had the worst periodontal health status. The biochemical analysis demonstrated that the lowest level of salivary leptin was foundin the chronic periodontitis with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus group. In addition, the highest level of salivary resistin was demonstrated in chronic periodontitis with well controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus group. When the salivary flow rate and pH were measured, it was found that they were decreased in the study groups as compared to the control group. A non-significant moderate negative correlation between salivary leptin with pH in the control group was found. While, salivary resistin demonstrated a high significant moderate positive correlation with the gingival index in the non-diabeticchronic periodontitis group and a non-significant moderate negative correlation with salivary flow ratein the control group. Finally, the study found that the correlation between salivary leptin and resistin was non-significant weak negative in each of the study and control groups. Conclusion: It can be concluded that poorly controlled type 2 diabetic patients have more periodontal tissue destruction and less salivary flow rate than well controlled type 2 diabetic patients and non-diabetic patients all of them with chronic periodontitis. Salivary Resistin and Leptin hormones may be useful biochemical markers of periodontal tissue destruction and this will provide better opportunities in early diagnosis, monitoring and efficient management of periodontal diseases and T2DM.
An environmental study conducted on diatoms in Al Yusifiya river beyond its branching from Euphrates river. Four sites were selected along the river for the period from march 2013 to September 2013. The present study involved the measurement of physicochemical parameters, also the qualitative and quantities of diatoms. The studied parameters values ranged as follows: 19-44Cº and 16-30 Cº for air and water temperature respectively, 6.9-8.7, 595-1248 µS/cm, 6.4-8.0 mg/l for pH, electric conductivity and dissolved oxygen respectively. A total of 74 taxa were recorded for diatoms, where the pinnate diatom was the predominant and recorded 64 taxa while 10 taxa for centric diatoms. The total number of diatoms was 1197.55*104 cell /l. The tota
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Transient drop in the heart beat or transient heart block (AVB) may be consider the main cause of syncope or presyncope inpatients with bifascicular block and syncope According to the Guidelines for cardiac pacing pacemaker consider part of treatment. Aims of our study were to evaluate whether there is role for EPS in patients BFB and to evaluate the symptoms after pacing. 42 patients were enrolled in this study, with mean age value (63.4± 12.2years), suffer from interventricular conductive defect and syncope; patients underwent EPS on admission time, and pacemaker implantation accordingly and programmed follow up for the device in the last four years. Our patients were 25 (59.5%) male and 17 (40.5%)female, all of them with syncope o
... Show MoreBackground: Treatment modalities of acromegaly and disease control impact differently on glucose homeostasis and lipid changes, and consequently on cardiometabolic risk. Aim: To investigate the possible association of lipid profile changes with the glycemic control status in acromegaly patients treated with octreotide LAR. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 52 Iraqi patients with acromegaly treated with octreotide LAR and not using statins. Demographic, anthropometric, and clinical data were collected, as well as the duration of Octreotide LAR administration. The glycemic state was assessed and classified as DM, prediabetes, or normal. Plasma levels of triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and non-HDL were evalu
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Interleukin -33 is a new member of the IL-1 superfamily of cytokines that is expressed mainly by stromal cells.Its expression is upregulated following pro-inflammatory stimulation.Aim of the present study was to assess the serum IL-33 level and its relationship with inflammatory biomarker CRP in Iraqi females patients with celiac disease. Thirty five patients with celiac disease (CD) and thirty healthy individuals as control group were enrolled in this study,their age ranged (20-35) year.Anti-Gliadin IgA ,IgG and Anti-Tissue IgA ,IgG were estimated in all subjects as diagnostic parameters .ESR and CRP were assayed as inflammatory biomarkers. IL-33 was determined in patients and control groups.The results of the present study revealed a hig
... Show MoreLaser etching may be an alternative to acid etching of enamel and dentin. Several characteristics of irradiated dental hard tissues have been considered advantageous, microscopically rough surfaces without demineralization, open dentinal tubules without smear layer production and dentin surface sterilization. The aim of this study is to determine and compare histology the microleakage in class V cavity restored with a light cured composite after conditioning the samples(tooth surface) with 1-acid etching, 2-Q-switched Nd:YAG Laser etching and finally 3- acid and laser etching. Materials and methods: Twenty four non carious human extracted teeth were used in this study. The samples were equally grouped into four groups of six teeth each.
... Show MoreThe availability of different processing levels for satellite images makes it important to measure their suitability for classification tasks. This study investigates the impact of the Landsat data processing level on the accuracy of land cover classification using a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. The classification accuracy values of Landsat 8 (LS8) and Landsat 9 (LS9) data at different processing levels vary notably. For LS9, Collection 2 Level 2 (C2L2) achieved the highest accuracy of (86.55%) with the polynomial kernel of the SVM classifier, surpassing the Fast Line-of-Sight Atmospheric Analysis of Spectral Hypercubes (FLAASH) at (85.31%) and Collection 2 Level 1 (C2L1) at (84.93%). The LS8 data exhibits similar behavior. Conv
... Show MoreMyocardial infarction (MI) is a prevalent disease and is expected to become the main cause of death globally in the future The pathophysiology of MI is tightly linked to the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. This study involves 60 subjects who were enrolled in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) at Ibn Al-Bitar Center for Cardiac Surgery. Patients admitted to the ICU at Baghdad Teaching Hospital and Ibn Al-Bitar Cardiac Surgery Center were included in this study, conducted from November 26, 2023, to November 20, 2024. The control group also consisted of 60 subjects, In this study ,uric acid , urea , creatinine ,Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase (GPT) Glutamic Oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) , Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT) ,NLPR3, NT-pro
... Show MoreBackground: Benign Prostate Hypertrophy(BPH)is a common urological problem worldwide which is defined as denomatous hyperplasia of the periurethralpart of prostate gland that occurs especially in men over 50 years old and that tend to obstruct urination by constriction the urethra Objectives: The study was aimed to investigate the level of Malondialdehyde (MDA), Nitric Oxide (NO) and Superoxide Dismutase (SOD) as an antioxidant, besides other factors such as the level of Lipids Profile (Total Chlosterol (TC), High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (HDL-C), Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (LDL-C), Very Low Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol (VLDL-C), and Triglyceride (TG))in patients suffer from BPH . Methods: In this study ;clinical ,spec
... Show MoreBackground and Aim. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a major risk factor for the progression to heart failure (HF), which is associated with an increase in left ventricular volume (LVV). This study aims to measure ventricular function and myocardial perfusion imaging markers of the left side of the heart, which can be performed with injection of a 99mTc at stress and rest by using single-photonemission-computed-tomography (SPECT). Subject and methods. The study included 121 patients with CAD, comprising 53 females and 68 males with ages between 25 to 88 years and 265 healthy subjects comprising 84 males and 181 females. All patients and healthy subjects volunteered to participate in this study. They were classified according to
... Show MoreBackground: Gastroesophageal reflux disease, is a quite prevalent gastrointestinal disease, among which gastric content (excluding the air) returns into the oral cavity. Many 0ral manifestations related t0 this disease include tooth wear, dental caries also changes in salivary flow rate and pH. This study was conducted among gastroesophageal reflux disease patients in order to assess tooth wear in relation to salivary flow rate and pH among these patients and the effect of gastroesophageal reflux disease duration on this relation. Materials and methods: One hundred patients participate in this cross-sectional study for both genders and having an age range of 20-40 years old, patients had been endoscopically identified as having gastroeso
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