Background: The present study aimed to assess the distribution, prevalence, severity of malocclusion in Baghdad governorate in relation to gender and residency Materials and Methods: A multi-stage stratified sampling technique was used in this investigation to make the sample a representative of target population. The sample consisted of 2700 (1349 males and 1351 females) intermediate school students aged 13 years representing 3% of the total target population. A questionnaire was used to determine the perception of occlusion and orthodontic treatment demand of the students and the assessment procedures for occlusal features by direct intraoral measurement using veriner and an instrument to measure the rotated and displaced teeth. Results and conclusions: The presence of malaligned teeth was reported by 39% of the sample. The most prevalent reported types of malaligned teeth were spaced teeth (26.6%); Of the students who stated that they have malaligned teeth, 70.3% thought that it affected their appearance, 17.8% affected chewing, and 7.8% affected speech; The most common reasons for not seeking orthodontic treatment were the thought that treatment is not important or not possible (25.8%) and fear of pain (48.8%).One or more missing teeth due to extraction or trauma were found in 4.9% of the sample,the most common extracted tooth was the mandibular first molar. Crowding was more concentrated in the lower anterior segment while the spacing cases were higher and more concentrated in the upper anterior segment. A maxillary central diastema was found in 18.1 % of the sample with a mean of 0.306 mm. Anterior irregularities were found in (18.36 %maxillary and 26.84% mandibular),mean overjet 3.310 mm, mean overbite was 2.99 mm, Class I Angle class was found in 78.29%, class II in 19.5% and class III in 2.3%. Posterior crossbite found in 5.6%, anterior openbite (1.7%) and midline shift (54.34 %).Normal lip form was found in 86.6%, soft tissue impingement in 3.3%.The treatment need according to DAI show that 72.3% of the sample were found to have no or slight treatment need, 15.9% with treatment elective, 7.3% with treatment highly desirable, and 4.5% with treatment mandatory.Also increase the need and decrease demand for orthodontic treatment among adolescents in the Baghdad commune. This data will be useful for public oral health service and emphasize the need for orthodontic treatment among Baghdadi adolescents.
Abstract This study aims to discover the ways that adopted by extremism to expand to new geographical areas, in order to spread out its ideology, which led to create new geo-strategic zone, aims to recognize ISIS’s strategy to move towards new geographic locations and the motivations behind these transformations, the study also analyses all aspects of this strategy, the group’s relationship with other terrorist groups in these areas and limits of the competition between them. The study also highlights the factors that have led ISIS to move to new geographical areas and its techniques to control them.
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In this research two series of the new derivatives of Trimethoprim and paracetamol drugs have been prepared which known as a high medicinal effectiveness. Series (A) is including the interaction of diazonium salt of trimethoprim and coupling with some substituted phenol compounds (2-amino phenol, 3-ethyl phenol, 1-naphthol, 2-nitro phenol, Salbutamol). Series (B) is including the interaction coupling alkali solution of paracetamol with diazonium salt of some substituted aniline compounds (Benzedine, 2, 3-di chloro aniline, Trimethoprim, Anilinium chloride, 2-nitro- 4-chloro aniline).Chemical structures of all synthesized compounds were confirmed by UV-visible and FTIR spectroscopy.
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The last ten years observed a shift enormous scientific in the method and way that it deals professional with the cost accounting and reflected the result those shift enormous scientific of increase the competitive environmental that accompanied the emergence of a modern manufacturing environmental on surface the long roductive life and emergence advanced information technology that give a central focus of his important on client with growing global markets growth on a large scale.
The research aim to define the concept of cost awareness, the concept and methods of strategic cost management and the role of cost awareness for managers of industrial units in strategic of cost managem
... Show MoreDiversity the terms and practice the organizational filed with different concepts and environment, which Iraqi environment part from them. Some organizational in Iraqi environment leave its basic oriented to agreement with the leader desire, their fore this research focus tow basic variable (organizational citizenship behavior & transparence), we supposition which is dependent to explanation the response variable (strategic leadership). The results justification in part and not justification in another part. For example the organizational citizenship behavior effect on some parte of the strategic leadership. The transparence have faraway to fly from the relation with organizational citizenship behavior and strategic leadershi
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This research sheds light on the morphological structure of nouns and verbs in the novel "ASTONISHMENT" by the novelist Aharon Applefield by analysing selected models from the novel in a morphological analysis in order to identify the most important morphological features of this structure according to a statistical analytical approach.
The morphological structure is the main pillar of the linguistic structure of the literary text. Morphology is the science that studies the word, by which its structure and original letters are known, and the change that has occurred to it. The aesthetics of the fictional text is reflected in this structure, through which the writer conveys his ideas and narrations to the reader. The research
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In this study Oscillatoria limnetica and Chroococus minor were isolated ?purified and identification from water canal around Baghdad University Campus. The water of this canals originally from Tigris River. BG-11 culture media was used for their cultivation in suitable laboratory conditions (25c°, 200µE/m2/sec) for 16:8 hrs. Light: dark. Each culture was harvested at the end of exponential phase .Organic solvents used for extraction were Ethanol? Hexane and Methanol 95% to extract the crude active Intracellular and Extracellular substances, and evaporated down to dryness .Antibacterial and antifungal activity of these different extracts were evaluated against 6 strains of gram positive bacteria and gram negative bacteria in additi
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Background: With the start of the current century, increased the interest in the role of the adipose tissue derived substances that named adipokines in the inflammatory diseases of the human being including the inflammatory periodontal disease, but scientific evidences were not clearly demonstrate the association between these adipokines and periodontal pathologies. Materials and Methods: Forty two subjects male only with normal body mass index were selected for the study with an age ranged (30-39 years). Samples were divided into three groups of 14 subjects in each group based on clinical periodontal parameters; clinically healthy gingiva (group I), gingivitis group (group II) and chronic periodontitis patients group (group III), from whom
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