Background: Molar Incisor hypomineralisation (MIH) is one of the biggest challenges with great clinical interest. Currently, the etiology of MIH remains unclear. There is no previous study concerning school children aged 7 – 9 years in Al-Najaf governorate in order to estimate the prevalence and severity of molar incisor hypomineralisation and the possible associated risk factors. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence, severity and the possible associated etiological factors of molar incisor hypomineralisation and also to study the correlation between body mass index and molar incisor hypomineralisation. Material and Methods: Across sectional study conducted at Al-Najaf Governorate. A total of 600 children were enrolled those who did not met the inclusion criteria were excluded. A structured self-administered validated Arabic language questionnaire and an examination sheet were used for data collection. Body weight and height were measured and the body mass index was calculated. Dental material and supplies were used in examination. The demarcated hypomineralization was recorded according to the 10 point scoring system depended on the EAPD evaluation criteria The severity was assessed according to the clinical evaluation of the examiner and the presence of opacities. Results: The response rate was 84.7% and the highest was in the 9-year-old children, the participants were 532 children, the prevalence of hypomineralisation defect was 22.9%. The prevalence of demarcated hypomineralisation was increased concomitantly with the age, and the 9-year-old children were the more affected. The overall prevalence of MIH among boys was lower than girls; (17.3%) and 22.6%, respectively. The severely affected teeth were 33/1464 teeth, represented 2.3%, severely affected molars were 25 (5.1%) and the severely affected incisors were 8 (0.8%). More severely affected teeth were found in obese and overweight children were also increased with the age of child. Conclusions: The prevalence of Molar Incisor Hypomineralisation in this study was 22.9%, MIH was more prevalent among girls, the 9-year-old, normal body weight and urban residents children. The severely affected teeth represented 4.5% of the total number of teeth, molars were more severely affected than incisors, obese and overweight children and older children have more severe MIH. Further studies are suggested.
This research was based on two pillars. The first is a comparison between of research done and the result of a particular variable of research indebendently in the united state, and second, knowledge and determine the effect of managers practices on the contributions of personnel. The manager and staff are considered to be the most important elements in the organization and all of them have a duty towards the others which governed by the relationship rules of procedure of the ministry researched, on the one hand and the interests of the organization and hence employees , whether executives or employees within management formations that the availability of an acceptable level of good pract
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In this research, the preparation of a chemically activated carbon from date stones by using electric and microwave assisted K2CO3 activation was studied. The effect of radiation power, radiation time, and impregnation ratio on the yield and Iodine number on the activated carbons was investigated. The activated carbon characterizations were examined by its surface area, pore structure analysis, bulk density, moisture content, ash content, iodine number, FTIR, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption capacity was also studied by adsorption of fluoroquinolones antibiotics, CIP, NOR, and LEVO, by the prepared activated carbon.
... Show MoreThis study is conducted in order to, investigate the trophic state of Duhok Lake Dam located within Duhok city, Iraq. Water samples are collected seasonally from three monitored sites during 2011. The parameters used for assessing water quality and trophic status level include: water temperature, pH, EC, TDS, DO, BOD5, nutrients, Secchi disk transparency, and chlorophyll a. The results reveal that DO is above 5 mg.l-1 in all sites, BOD5 value is within permissible level for domestic uses. Water quality considered as a hard type. High sulfate concentration is recorded during the study period. Trophic state shows that water type is classified as mesotrophic during autumn season, while it is regarded as eutrophic in other seasons. TDN/TDP rati
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Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a bioadhesive gel of gatifloxacin for the treatment of periodontal diseases.Methods: Periodontal gels of gatifloxacin were prepared using different hydrophilic polymers such as carbopol 940 (CP 940), carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose (HPMC) in varied concentrations, either alone or as a combination. The prepared gels were evaluated for their physical appearance, pH, drug content, viscosity, bioadhesiveness and in vitro drug release profile. The influence of the type and the concentration of polymer on the drug release as well as on viscosity and mucoadhesiveness of prepared gels were investigated.Results: The prepared gels showed acceptable physical proper
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BACKGROUND: Vascular tumors are a heterogeneous group of diseases with biological behavior ranging from a hamartomatous growth to frank malignant. The pathophysiology of lymphangioma, vascular malformation and hemangioma is interconnected, blood vessels known to be the site of origin of hamartomas, venous malformations and some neoplasms as benign, tumor-like growth of vessels (hemangiomas). Angiogenesis is the process of formation of new blood vessels from an existing structure.
Aims of study Assessment of angiogenic potential in benign vascular lesions (hemangioma, lymphangioma and lobular capillary hemangioma) of head and neck region.
Materials and Methods: Twenty-two formalin-fixed paraffin-embedd
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This study on the plant of Ain –AL Bason Catharanthus roseous showed the ability of callus cells that is produced by In Vitro culture technique and transformed to the accumulated media (MS 40gm/L sucrose ,2gm/L IAA Indole acetic acid , 0.5gm/L Tryptophan) to produce Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds. Extraction, purification and quantitive determination of Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds using High performance liquid chromatography technique (HPLC)were carried out. The results showed that the highest concentration of Vinblastine and Vincristine compounds were ( 4.653,12.5 (ppm /0.5 dry Wight respectively from transformed callus cells from MS 40 gm /L sucrose , 2 gm / L NAA Naphthaline acetic acid .
The current research aims to identify "the impact of the round table strategies and the question of self-achievement and self-efficacy among students of the Faculty of Education in research methodology course.” The research sample consisted of (75) male and female-third stage students in the department of Life Sciences / College of Education for Pure Sciences / University of Dhi Qar for the academic year (2018-2019. The researcher adopted the experimental approach to achieving the study objectives. The researcher prepared two tools: the achievement test and the self-efficacy scale were applied to the collected sample to obtain the needed data. The result showed that there was a statistically significant difference at the level (0.05) b
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Bivariate time series modeling and forecasting have become a promising field of applied studies in recent times. For this purpose, the Linear Autoregressive Moving Average with exogenous variable ARMAX model is the most widely used technique over the past few years in modeling and forecasting this type of data. The most important assumptions of this model are linearity and homogenous for random error variance of the appropriate model. In practice, these two assumptions are often violated, so the Generalized Autoregressive Conditional Heteroscedasticity (ARCH) and (GARCH) with exogenous varia
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The consensus algorithm is the core mechanism of blockchain and is used to ensure data consistency among blockchain nodes. The PBFT consensus algorithm is widely used in alliance chains because it is resistant to Byzantine errors. However, the present PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance) still has issues with master node selection that is random and complicated communication. The IBFT consensus technique, which is enhanced, is proposed in this study and is based on node trust value and BLS (Boneh-Lynn-Shacham) aggregate signature. In IBFT, multi-level indicators are used to calculate the trust value of each node, and some nodes are selected to take part in network consensus as a result of this calculation. The master node is chosen
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The 3-parameter Weibull distribution is used as a model for failure since this distribution is proper when the failure rate somewhat high in starting operation and these rates will be decreased with increasing time .
In practical side a comparison was made between (Shrinkage and Maximum likelihood) Estimators for parameter and reliability function using simulation , we conclude that the Shrinkage estimators for parameters are better than maximum likelihood estimators but the maximum likelihood estimator for reliability function is the better using statistical measures (MAPE)and (MSE) and for different sample sizes.
Note:- ns : small sample ; nm=median sample
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