Background: Depression is a common mental disorder that presents with depressed mood;it can become chronic or recurrent and affect dental health .Thus this research aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of dental caries among students with different grade of depression in relation to physicochemical characteristics of stimulated whole saliva. Materials and methods: The total sample involved for depression status assessment is composed of 800 students for both gender aged 15 years old that were selected randomly , This was performed using children depression inventory (CDI) index that divided the students into four groups of depression(low or average grade, high average grade, elevated grade and very elevated grade). The diagnosis and recording of dental caries was by using decay, Missing, Filled surface index (DMFs); and according to the criteria ofManji et al (1989), Salivary samples was collected from 30 student with very elevated grade of depression and 30 from low or average grade under standardized conditions, then analyzed for measuring salivary flow rate and viscosity, in addition to estimation salivary elements that includes total protein, zinc, copper, chromium and Lithium. Results: the data of the present study showed that the percentage of Caries free students was higher among very elevated grade (8.60%) followed by low or average grade (8.52%), the less was among elevated grade of depression (5.04%).Concerning caries experience, the highest result was among elevated grade of depression followed by low or average grade, the lower result was among high average grade. While the sever grade of dental caries (D4) was found to be highly significant differ among different grade of depression, The data analysis of salivary elements found that the protein was higher in very elevated grade than low or average grade while other elements show the opposite result with significant concerning copper and zinc among very elevated grade that show significant difference. DMFs correlated negatively with salivary flow rate among low or average grade and very elevated grade; while concerning salivary viscosity, the correlation was direct with DMFs. With highly significant in very elevated grade, Salivary elements show positive relation with not significant except copper that show negative relation with significant. Conclusion: The results of the current research revealed that depression status had an adverse effect on salivary physicochemical characteristics and dental status including caries experience
The current study included details of the anatomical characteristics of vegetative parts including the root, stem, leaf in cultivated Iraq for the species Brassciaaleraceacabbage, where the study dealt with the stomatal index and the rate of both the length and width of the stomatal complex and the thickness of the periderm, the tissue, cortex, vascular cylinder and pith. The parts were taken and measured after the plant was treated with brassinolide and the treated species with brassinolide and non-treated were measured and the study showed that there was a clear variation in the properties above.
This study was aimed to investigate the response of two types of ornamental herbaceous plants (Wedelia trilobata and Jacobaea maritima 'Cirrus') to different agricultural environments and the application of potassium silicates to the living walls system LWS (Felt layer system) under the climate conditions of Baghdad city. Each experiment involved the cultivation of a different plant species, and the study duration was from September 15, 2021, to August 1, 2022. A Strip-Plot Design experiment was conducted using two factors: factor M with four levels of substrates (50% peatmoss and perlite (M1), 50% Vermicompost and perlite (M2), 50% Water hyacinth compost and perlite (M3), 50% wheat straw compost and perlite (M4)) and factor S with
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Investing in renewable energies, including biomass, is an important topic in Iraq. Research indicates that there is great potential for renewable energy in Iraq, including biomass, but achieving this great potential requires clear strategies and significant investments. This research sought to determine the amount of biomass energy that can be produced by the residues of eight Iraqi crops: wheat, barley, oats, corn, rice (straw), rice (husk), cotton, and sugar beets. could produce. Calorific value and accessible residue amount were considered to determine the residue's potential for energy. Estimates for 2021 showed that 1,308,516 tons of agricultural residue would be available overall for the eight crops. The two crop
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Iraq is changing from the centralized system of governance to the decentralized system, which assumes devolution of more authorities to the local governments of Iraqi provinces and cities. This puts a responsibility on the academics to produce more research work on the best framework for this change, to ensure the best results. The main objective of this research is to suggest a policy for the decentralized transformation in domain of Urban and Regional Planning in Iraq. A suggested program for the transformation is involved in the paper as well, with analysis for the new relationships between different levels of planning authorities depending on democracy. In addition, a description for planning process flows from bottom to top.
Islamic periodicals are defined as: publications issued periodically, and containing articles, research, or studies that convey Islamic thought and culture. Islamic periodicals have a prominent place among other types of sources of documentary and non-documentary Islamic information, because they are characterized by the speed of their issuance and the modernity and diversity of their Islamic information. This study aims to explain the reality of Islamic periodicals published in Iraq, graphically analyze their bibliographic characteristics and emphasize the importance of their issuance, as well as give a historical overview of the issuance and publication of Islamic periodicals in the Arab world and the world, while presenting examples of I
... Show MoreCosmochthonius reticulatus Grandjean, 1947 (Acari: Oribatei: Cosmochthoniidae) and Rhysotritia ardua ardua C. L. Koch, 1841 ( Acari : Oribate : Euphthiracari¬dae), are two species of oribatids mites first recorded in Iraq from a woodland in the central part of Iraq. The two species are described and illustrated.
This research was aimed to study the pollen morphology for the genus Pterocephalus(Vaill) from Dipsacaceae family in Iraq, and to utilize these feathers in isolating the species as valuable taxonomic traits for enriching Iraqi flora. The study included characteristics of the type, shape, size, sculpturing and apertures, as well as determining the full dimensions using light microscopy as well as numerical analysis of this species and draw polygonal shapes and denderogram convergence between species. The results of the study of pollen and polygonal forms showed significant differences in the characteristics at the level of each species, which helps to identification the genus species, as it was found that the pollen was a tricolp
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