Background: Simultaneous and staged guided bone regeneration (GBR) is one of the several surgical techniques that have been developed in the past two decades to regenerate bone and thus to allow implant placement in compromised sites (fenestration and dehiscence). It is a surgical procedure that consists of the placement of a cell-occlusive physical barrier between the connective tissue and the alveolar bone defect. The treatment concept advocates that regeneration of osseous defects is predictably attainable via the application of occlusive membranes, which mechanically exclude non-osteogenic cell populations from the surrounding soft tissues, thereby allowing osteogenic cell populations originating from the parent bone to inhabit the osseous wound. Augmentation utilizing guided bone regeneration (GBR) has become a major treatment option to provide optimal bone to support Osseointegrated dental implants. One of the objectives of GBR is the formation of new bone at sites deficient in bone volume. Another objective is to treat fenestrations and dehiscence at implant surfaces as well as defects associated with simultaneous implant placement. GBR has allowed for placement of restorations at a more ideal location in the oral cavity, thus improving esthetics and functions. This study aimed to improve the alveolar ridge width by using of synthetic bone substitute covered by resorbable collagen membrane in simultaneous dental implants placement and to compare the ridge width at three levels (crestal, middle and apical) clinically (osteometer) and radiographically (CT) pre operatively and postoperatively. Materials and methods: This prospective study was conducted in teaching dental hospital in College of Dentistry of Baghdad University on (15) patients with (21) dental implant with insufficient bony support for simultaneous dental implants , this study extended from March 2013 to the end of December 2013. All patients were treated at the time of implantation by using a synthetic bone substitute covered by resorbable collagen membrane .All patients examined clinically by osteometer and radio graphics (CT) to assess ridge width and height and bone density. Results: Clinically and radiographically evaluation showed increasing of ridge width after 6 months of healing period at three levels: apical, middle and crestal, statistically, there were no significant differences between ridge width gain measured clinically and radio graphically and gender and age groups. In this study the success rate (95.24) % in (20) dental implant and only (1) dental implant was failed (4.76) % at age 47 years old. Conclusion: There was significant increase in ridge volume that augmented at the time of implantation to become sufficient width for support implant esthetically and functionally. This study revealed that there was no effect in gender and age on bone augmentation with synthetic bone substitute. Keywords: GBR, Simultaneous dental implant, osteometer, CT, ridge width and height and bone density.
The depth conversion process is a significant task in seismic interpretation to establish the link between the seismic data in the time domain and the drilled wells in the depth domain. To promote the exploration and development of the Subba oilfield, more accurate depth conversion is required. In this paper, three approaches of depth conversions: Models 1, 2, and 3 are applied from the simplest to the most complex on Nahr Umr Reservoir in Suba oilfield. This is to obtain the best approach, giving less mistakes with the actual depth at well locations and good inter/extrapolation between or away from well controls. The results of these approaches, together with the uncertainty analysis provide a reliable velocity model
... Show MoreThe degradation of Toluidine Blue dye in aqueous solution under UV irradiation is investigated by using photo-Fenton oxidation (UV/H2O2/Fe+). The effect of initial dye concentration, initial ferrous ion concentration, pH, initial hydrogen peroxide dosage, and irradiation time are studied. It is found put that the removal rate increases as the initial concentration of H2O2 and ferrous ion increase to optimum value ,where in we get more than 99% removal efficiency of dye at pH = 4 when the [H2O2] = 500mg / L, [Fe + 2 = 150mg / L]. Complete degradation was achieved in the relatively short time of 75 minutes. Faster decolonization is achieved at low pH, with the optimal value at pH 4 .The concentrations of degradation dye are detected by spectr
... Show MoreIn this work involved prepared of several new 1-cyclopentene-1,2-dicarboxylimide linked to oxadiazole and benzothiazole moiety were synthesized by two steps: The first step 2-amino-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazoles and substituted-2-aminobenzothiazole were reaction with 1-cyclopentene-1,2-dicarboxyl anhydride producing N-( 5- substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-1-cyclopentene-1,2-dicarboxyl amic acids and N-(Substitutedbenzothiazole-2-yl)-1-cyclopentene-1,2-dicarboxyl amic acids which in turn were dehydrated in the second step via fusion method to afford he desirable N-(5-substituted-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-yl)-1-cyclopentene-1,2-dicarboxylimides and N-(Substituted benzothiazole-2-yl)1-cyclopentene-1,2-dicarboxylimides respectively. Struct
... Show MoreThe increasing drinking water demand in many countries leads to an increase in the use of desalination plants, which are considered a great solution for water treatment processes. Reverse osmosis (RO) and electro-dialysis (ED) systems are the most popular membrane processes used to desalinate water at high salinity. Both systems work by separating the ionic contaminates and disposing of them as a brine solution, but ED uses electrical current as a driving force while RO uses osmotic pressure. A direct comparison of reverse osmosis and electro-dialysis systems is needed to highlight process development similarities and variances. This work aims to provide an overview of previous studies on reverse osmosis and electro-dial
... Show MoreThe research aims to identify the most important concerns that led to the increase of interest in the topic of corporate governance and specifically highlighting the role of the audit committees of the Administration Board in reducing the risk of the auditor and the rationalization of professional judgments، in particular about accepting the assignment and setting the fees of the audit process by extrapolating global experience in this area ، and a field study is conducted for a sample of private Iraqi banks to evaluate the role of audit committees constituted currently per with bank law no. (94) of 2004 and to be acknowledged with actual performance of these committees and their role in recommending the n
... Show MoreThis research aims to clarify the concept of doctrinal rules and adjust its basic terminologies. It further aims to lay down a map for the method of rooting this science by mentioning its rooted sources, in addition to drawing a miniature picture of its history, origin, formation and development. The paper ends with practical models to highlight its importance in rooting the science of nodal rules and facilitating the mentioning of its scattered discussions in a short and comprehensive phrase. The study further illustrates the pioneering role of doctrinal rules science in managing the doctrinal disputes, combining multiple sayings, and in bringing together opposing opinions. The study follows the inductive, descriptive and analytical app
... Show MoreThe insurance companies are one of the organizations that rely mainly on human capital to underwriting to insurable risks because most of risks have many variables, so the aim of the research is to show the level of interest of the researched company in human capital, the reality of the underwriting policy in it, and the relationships of correlation and effect between them, and the approach has been used Analytical descriptive, as books, research and other related sources were used for the purpose of completing the theoretical side, on the practical side, a questionnaire was prepared, which represents the main tool for collecting data and distributed to a random sample of 64 people from underwriting managers and employees in spec
... Show MoreTheater is a renewed art until this moment, and it does not stray from its components from life and its spaces in general, but rather is derived from them according to characteristics and directions intended to differ based on finding other, more effective solutions, Therefore, the research entitled (Extractive treatments of the space between tradition and contrast in contemporary theater) consists of four chapters. The first chapter came under the title (the methodological framework). Where he dealt with the research problem and then the importance of the research and the goal of the research as well as the objective, temporal and spatial limits of the research, In addition to defining the terminology and then finding the procedural ter
... Show MoreThe aim of this research does not deal with evaluation occurs at any points in the design of the plan alternatives themselves or formulation of goals and objectives. The aim of this research is that test and evaluate the fully alternatives. We can therefore state as the principle that evaluation of alternative plans must be based on attempts to show how far each plan satisfies all the objectives are expressed as specification of the performance of the urban and regional system. The planner can submit the result (as in the traditional way) for each alternative, with particular reference to the weighting of objectives. The summery result can be presented and the preferred plan indicated that with largest index of Goals-achievement.
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