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The effect of addition nano particle ZrO2 on some properties of autoclave processed heat cure acrylic denture base material
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Background: Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is used in denture fabrication and considered as the most reliable material for the construction of removable prosthodontic appliances. The material is far from ideal in fulfilling the mechanical requirements and the effect of autoclave processing has not been fully determined. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of addition of salinized (ZrO2) Nano fillers in percentages 3%, 5% and 7% by weight on some properties of heat cured acrylic processed the by autoclave and compare it with 0% (control) group . Materials and methods: The silanized(ZrO2) Nano-particles was added to PMMA powder by weight in three different percentages 3%, 5% and 7%, mixed by probe ultra-sonication machine.Two hundred specimens were constructed and processed by autoclave and divided into 5 groups according to the test (each group consist of 40 specimens ) and each group was subdivided into 4 sub-groups according to the percentage of added (ZrO2) nano-particles( with 10 specimens for each subgroups) . The tests conducted were transverse strength, hardness (shore D), Impact strength test, surface morphology and apparent porosity. AFM can provide 3D image of the specimen the homogeneity of nanostructure film, roughness of surface and crystallite size. Scanning electron microscope SEM of control and salinized Nano ZrO2 reveal the Nano fillers distribution and it is shaped. Results: Highly significant increase in impact strength recorded when acrylic (vertex) mixed with 3%, 5% ZrO2 nano filler, while a non-significant reduction was observed with 7% ZrO2 addition in comparison to control. Non-significant improvement in transverse strength when 3% ZrO2 was added, 5% nano addition ZrO2 improved transverse strength significantly while 7% nano addition showed anon significant reduce when these groups compared to the control group .Anon significant reduction in the deformity was seen within 3% nano addition ZrO2 also 5% nano ZrO2 addition reduce the deformity significantly and significant increase was recorded when 7% nano addition ZrO2 was add and when these groups are compared to the control group. A significant increase in surface hardness was observed with the addition of (ZrO2) nano-particles to (PMMA) at the percentage of 3%, highly significant increase at 5% and 7% with addition of modified nano-ZrO2. A non-significant decrease in apparent porosity at 3% and highly significant decrease in apparent porosity at 5% and 7% with addition of modified nano-ZrO2 were observed. SEM results showed a good distribution of the modified nano-ZrO2 fillers at 3%, 5% and showed aggregation at 7% in the polymer matrix. Conclusion: The addition of modified nano-ZrO2 particles to acrylic resin cured by autoclave improved impact and transverse strength of denture base nano composite containing 5% of nano-ZrO2. And this strength decreases with further increase of nano-ZrO2 filler content. Also addition of modified nano-ZrO2 slightly increaseshardness, thesurface roughness and the apparent porosity also decrease by addition of nano ZrO2 percentage increase. Key words: Salinized (ZrO2) nano fillers, PMMA.

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 10 2015
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Science
New Schiff Base Derived From Folic Acid and 3- Aminoacetophenone and its Metal Complexes with Some Transition Metals and Evaluation of Their Biological Activity
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The ligand [Potassium (E)-(4-(((2-((1-(3-aminophenyl) ethylidene) amino)-4-oxo-1,4- dihydropteridin-6-yl) methyl) amino)benzoyl)-L-glutamate] was prepared from the condensation reaction of folic acid with (3-aminoacetophenone) through Schiff reaction to give a new Schiff base ligand [H2L]. The ligand [H2L] was characterized by elemental analysis CHN, atomic absorption (A.A), (FT-I.R.), (U.V.-Vis), TLC, E.S. mass (for spectroscopes), molar conductance, and melting point. The new Schiff base ligand [H2L], reacts with Mn(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Cr(III) and Cd(II) metal ions and (2-aminophenol), (metal : derivative ligand : 2-aminophenol) to give a series of new mixed complexes in the general formula:- K3[M2(HL)(HA)2], (where M=Mn(II) and

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Publication Date
Tue Nov 11 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Physical Education
The Effect of Exercises Using Maximum Strength Assisting Training Apparatus On Some Working Muscles' Electric Activity During Bench Press For Physical Strength Athletes Of Baghdad Clubs
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Publication Date
Sat Feb 24 2024
Journal Name
Journal Of Studies And Researches Of Sport Education
The effect of the use of the Colb model according to the two forms (adaptive, ascending) in learning some of the technical skills of women
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The objective of the study was to identify the effect of the use of the Colb model for the students of the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Baghdad,As well as to identify the differences between the research groups in the remote tests in learning skills using the model Colb.The researcher used the experimental method and included the sample of the research on the students of the third stage in the College of Physical Education and Sports Science / University of Baghdad by drawing lots, the third division (j) was chosen to represent the experimental group,And the third division (c) to represent the control groupafter the distribution of the sample splitting measure according to the Colb mode

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 31 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF VORTEX GENERATOR ON THE FLAT-PLATE BOUNDARY LAYER: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF VORTEX GENERATOR ON THE FLAT-PLATE BOUNDARY LAYER
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This paper is dealing with an experimental study to show the influence of the geometric characteristics of the vortex generators VG son the thickness of the boundary layer (∂) and drag coefficients (CD) of the flat plate. Vortex generators work effectively on medium and high angles of attack, since they are "hidden" under the boundary layer and practically ineffective at low angles.

            The height of VGs relative to the thickness of the boundary layer enables us to study the efficacy of VGs in delaying boundary layer separation. The distance between two VGs also has an effect on the boundary layer if we take into

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Publication Date
Wed Feb 26 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of Nano-Accounting in the Rationalization of Accounting Performance: بحث تطبيقي في الشركة العامة للصناعات الكهربائية
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The research Reviews the sides of highlight importance of the Nano-Accounting which doing the accounting performance functions fully computerized without the intervention of an accountant, to solve the problem of not keeping up the  rationalization of recording and accounting systems, with the rationalization of production which fully computerized.(be invisible and hidden accounting), resulting by linking or interaction of the accounting, additive production system represented three-dimensional printers, open source and recycling. That which result the rationalizing the facilities of production, organization and self-control which derived nanotechnology idea, which aims to minimize materials and change it properties, then view the a

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 01 2019
Journal Name
International Journal Of Heat And Mass Transfer
Hybrid heat transfer enhancement for latent-heat thermal energy storage systems: A review
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 04 2016
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
The effect of nitrogen and sodium chloride stress in the productivity of some fatty acids in Chlorococcum humicola green alga
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Algae have been considered a sources task of biofuels, which is a future alternative to fossil fuels, and this lead the environmental studies concerned with the lifting of curves or growth rates and time of replication of different kinds of algae, as well as algae cells in response to different environmental conditions, whether chemical or physical, to assess their impact on the composition of these cells and the extent of affected components that make up the living, especially fatty acid ,total fats, proteins and carbohydrates, Gbrha. Green Chlorococcum humicola showed a different response when treated with an average of agriculture Chu-10 and Chu-13 which used as control media,Compared with the degree of its response when exposed to e

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 15 2024
Journal Name
Advanced Journal Of Chemistry, Section A
Synthesis, Characterization and Study the Liquid Crystalline Properties of Some New Bent Compounds Derived from Diethylpyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-Trione
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This article includes designed and synthesized for bent-shaped liquid crystal molecules starting from 5,5-diethylpyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione and two moles of chloroacetylchloride in N, N-dimethyl formamide (DMF) and triethylamine (TEA) to product compound [I] ,then reacted the later compound with two moles of 4-hydroxybenzonitrile to yield nitrile compound [II]. Likewise, reaction 5,5-diethylpyrimidine-2,4,6(1H,3H,5H)-trione and two moles of ethylchloroacetate with fused sodium acetate in ethanol to create an ester compound [III], and then the later compound was reacted with two moles of hydrazine hydrate in ethanol to obtained hydrazide acid compound [IV]. After that, the compound [IV] reacted with two moles of ethyl acetoacetate in

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 01 2013
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Comparing Study of The Stability and spectral properties vibrations for some Tellurium (IV) compounds containing cycloctadienyl group by Quantum Mechanical Calculations
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Density Functional Theory (DFT) with B3LYP hybrid exchange-correlation functional and 3-21G basis set and semi-empirical methods (PM3) were used to calculate the energies (total energy, binding energy (Eb), molecular orbital energy (EHOMO-ELUMO), heat of formation (?Hf)) and vibrational spectra for some Tellurium (IV) compounds containing cycloctadienyl group which can use as ligands with some transition metals or essential metals of periodic table at optimized geometrical structures.

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Publication Date
Mon Aug 29 2016
Journal Name
World Journal Of Experimental Biosciences
Effect of sub-inhibitory and inhibitory concentrations of some antibiotics and rosemary essential oil (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) on biofilm formation of Klebsiella pneumoniae
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Klebsiella pneumoniae have an ability to form biofilm as one of strategies to persist and overcome host defenses. The study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of rosemary essential oil alone and in combination with some antibiotics against biofilm of K. pneumoniae isolated from urine. The antibiotics resistance pattern by disc diffusion method and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, amoxicillin, trimethoprim/ sulfame- thoxazole, cefotoxime and rosemary essential oil were determined. The ability to form biofilm as well as inhibition of biofilm formation of K. pneumoniae was performed. MICs 128, 0.25, 768, 64, 384 and 10 µg/ml were used. The effect of MIC and 1/2 MIC of antibiotics and rosemary essential oil

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