Background: evaluate the effects of three different intracoronal bleaching agents on the shear bond strengths (SBS) and failure site of stainless steel and monocrystalline (sapphire) orthodontic brackets bonded to endodontically treated teeth using light cured orthodontic adhesive in vitro. Materials and methods: Eighty extracted sound human upper first premolars were selected, endondontically treated and randomly divided equally (according to the type of the brackets used) into two main groups (n = 40 per group). Each main group were subdivided (according to the bleaching agent used) into four subgroups 10 teeth each; as following : control (un bleached) group, hydrogen peroxide group (Hp) 35%, carbamide peroxide group (CP) 37% group and sodium perborate (SP) group . The bleaching process was applied three times (4 days intervals) sequentially and the bleached teeth were stored in artificial saliva four weeks before bonding. Orthodontic brackets were bonded with a light cure composite resin and cured with LED light. After passing 24 hours of bonding procedure, the brackets were debonded by a Tinius-Olsen universal testing machine, to measure the shear bond strength. After debonding, each bracket base and the corresponding tooth surface were examined using a stereomicroscope and their Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) was recorded. Results: The ANOVA test showed that the SBS of stainless brackets was significantly reduced by intracorornal bleaching agents. Furthermore, LSD showed no significant difference in SBS between the three types of bleaching agents used in stainless steel group. Whilst for sapphire group, the results The ANOVA test showed no significant difference in SBS between the bleached groups and the control group. Chi-square comparison no significant difference in failure site between bleached and control groups in both brackets types used. Conclusion: The effect of intracoronal bleaching on SBS was reduced SBS of stainless steel and not for sapphire. However, the intracoronal bleaching had no effect on the failure site of orthodontic brackets used.
The degree of the woman’s satisfaction on clothing depends, to a large extent, on the body measurements. If clothing is very wide, it shows her enormous and if it is too tight it may draw attention to the defects of the body. It may also lead to the compatibility or incompatibility of clothing with fashion. Whatever the quality of the garment in terms of sewing and design, the costume which is not suitable for body size may affect the physical style negatively and may give the wearer an improper look. Clothing was carried out without measurements and did not use models (templates). The method of preparation affected the overall appearance because it often did not fit the shape of the body completely. Therefore, people thought in many w
... Show MoreSurface water samples from different locations within Tigris River's boundaries in Baghdad city have been analyzed for drinking purposes. Correlation coefficients among different parameters were determined. An attempt has been made to develop linear regression equations to predict the concentration of water quality constituents having significant correlation coefficients with electrical conductivity (EC). This study aims to find five regression models produced and validated using electrical conductivity as a predictor to predict total hardness (TH), calcium (Ca), chloride (Cl), sulfate (SO4), and total dissolved solids (TDS). The five models showed good/excellent prediction ability of the parameters mentioned
... Show MoreObjective(s): 1- Assess the effectiveness of health educational program on nurses' knowledge toward Hemodialysis at Pediatric Teaching Hospitals.
2-To find out the relationship between nurses' knowledge about hemodialysis and their demographic Characteristics.
Methods: The study was designed in a pre-experimental pattern for the nurses' working in the Child Welfare Teaching Hospital and the Child's Central Teaching Hospital, and a targeted sample consisting of (30) nurses was selected. It is tested in three periods of pre-test, the first post-test, and the second post-test. Participants were tested before implementing the tutorial (tutorial lectures
... Show MoreThe purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of six thinking hats on creative thinking among 10th grade female students in Tulkarm district. The sample comprises two sections of 10th grade female students (n=80) in Adawiya secondary School, The two sections were divided into two groups; one as an experimental group which works with six thinking hats, and the second as control group that learns traditionally. Creative thinking exam was used to measure the creative thinking with reliability (0.88).
The results of the study have shown the following:
There were statistically significant differences at (α ≤ 0.05) in the creative thinking among 10th grade female student
... Show MorePhytophagous stink bugs (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae) are economically important insect pests of fruit, vegetable, nut and field crops. This study was carried out during the season of 2013 in orchards within Erbil city, to follow the stink bug Mustha spinulosa (Lefebvre, 1831) seasonal fluctuation on some fruit trees: olive, plum, apricot, pear, apple and almond.
The stink bug reaches its maximum abundance throughout the second week of August (38.2/tree) coinciding with mean temperature and relative humidity of 33.40C and 28.14% respectively, and the highest total mean of the number of the insect was recorded on the olive trees (181.8/tree). The study reveals that the stink bug attacked 22 trees (fruit and forest) while it has not atta
Abstract
This research aims to know the effect of job burnout in the worker’s performance. The researcher presented a theoretical basis for job burnout and the worker's performance. In order to achieve the objectives of the research, a hypothesis was drawn up that determines the nature of the relationship between the independent variable of job burnout and its dimensions (reduced personal accomplishment, depersonalization, Emotional Exhaustion) and variable dependent performance of workers dimensions (productivity, job satisfaction, organizational commitment, creativity), And to represent the volume of this community according to (de Morgan, D. Morgan) glo
... Show MoreFR Almoswai, BN Rashid, PEOPLE: International Journal of Social Sciences, 2017 - Cited by 22
Proteus mirabilis isolates have been intensively researched for their capacity to cause urinary tract infections (UTIs) and their swarming motility, although little is known about this phenomenon. Probiotic Lactobacillus species, which are beneficial bacteria, are being studied worldwide as therapeutic and preventative agents against bacterial infections. This study investigated Lactobacillus supernatants as a potential new treatment against Proteus mirabilis. In addition to testing their antimicrobial and anti-swarming activities, the research also aimed to understand the genetic mechanisms behind the observed phenotypic changes. Methods. A total of 150 urine specimens were collected from UTI patients at various hospitals in Baghdad. Dire
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