Background: The present study aimed to determine the influence of the different types of mouth wash on discoloration of different orthodontic ceramic, sapphire brackets and adhesives. Materials and methods: The sample composed of 120 ceramic brackets and 120 sapphire brackets, the brackets were divided according to bond material into three groups of 40 brackets include unbounded brackets, chemically cured (no-mix) bonded brackets and Light cured bonded brackets all these groups were further subdivided according to mouth wash type into three groups with 10 brackets each which include; Listerine, cetrimide, chlorhexidine 0.2%, and one control group which immersed in artificial saliva; then Staining measurements were performed with UV-Visible spectrophotometer . Results and conclusions: all types of mouth wash cause staining, this effect was higher in ceramic than sapphire bracket and for no-mix than light cure bond bracket complex; the amount of staining low in Listerine, intermediate in cetrimide, high in chlorhexidine for all bracket-bond complex.
Al-Rustamiya sewage treatment plant (WWTP) serves the east side of Baghdad city (Rusafa) and is considered one of the largest projects.It consists of three parts (old project F0, first extension F1, and second extension F2) that treat wastewater and the
effluent is discharged into Diyala river and thus into the Tigris River. These plants are designed and constructed with an aim to manage wastewater to reachIraqi effluent standard for BOD5, COD, TSS and chloride concentrations of 40, 100, 60 and 600
mg/L respectively. The data recordedfrom March till December 2011 provided from Al-RustamiyaWWTP, were considered in this study to evaluate the performance of the plant. The results indicated that the strength of the wastewater enterin
In this paper a new series of morpholine derivatives was prepared by reacting the morpholine with ethyl chloro acetate in the presence triethylamine as a catalyst in benzene gave morpholin-N-ethyl acetate(1) which reacted with hydrazine hydrate in ethanol, and gave morpholin-N-ethyl acetohydrazide (2) . Morpholin-N-aceto semithiocarbazide (3) were prepared by reacting compound(2) with ammonium thiocyanate , concentrated hydrochloric acid and ethanol as a solvent .Compound (3) reacted with sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid to give 5-(morpholin-N-methylene)-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol (4) .The new series of 1,2,4-triazol derivatives (5-8) was synthesized by reaction of compound(4) with formaldehyde , DMF as a solvent and different
... Show MoreIn this paper, we use the definition of the action on the set of semi-group of the structure of this research .We introduce the concepts of -system which is a triple , , such that is a Hausdorff compact space called phase space, is a semi-group of transformations with a continuous action of on . We study and proof some theoretical properties related with that system. We also introduce the concept of Enfolding semi-group ( , ,and we prove that it is a compact right topological semi-group. In addition, we study the left and right ideals in the Enfolding semi-group. By using the dynamical system, we reflect various properties concerning with its structure for the Enfolding semi-group. Furthermore, we describe
... Show MoreThe fetal heart rate (FHR) signal processing based on Artificial Neural Networks (ANN),Fuzzy Logic (FL) and frequency domain Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT) were analysis in order to perform automatic analysis using personal computers. Cardiotocography (CTG) is a primary biophysical method of fetal monitoring. The assessment of the printed CTG traces was based on the visual analysis of patterns that describing the variability of fetal heart rate signal. Fetal heart rate data of pregnant women with pregnancy between 38 and 40 weeks of gestation were studied. The first stage in the system was to convert the cardiotocograghy (CTG) tracing in to digital series so that the system can be analyzed ,while the second stage ,the FHR time series was t
... Show MoreAmiodarone hydrochloride (AH) has been determined spectrophotometrically Using methyl orange (MO). In our previous researches MO was used for determination of Mexiletine Hydrochloride [1]. The method based on complexation between MO and AH. After shaking and diluting the complex solution with D.W, the pH was adjusted with NaOH and HCl to pH 3. The colored complex formed between AH and the reagent were transferred into separating funnels and extracted using 5.5ml CH2Cl2 and were shaken for (5 minutes). The extracted organic layer was used for preparation of the calibration curves for spectrophotometric measurements of AH at 434nm. The blanks were carried out in exactly the same way throughout the whole procedure.&n
... Show MoreThis paper describes flexural behavior of two spans continuous rectangular concrete beams reinforced with mild steel and partially prestressing strands, to evaluate using different prestressing level and prestressing area in continuous prestressed beams at serviceability and ultimate stages. Six continuous concrete beams with 4550 mm length reinforced with mild steel reinforcement and partially prestressed with two prestressing levels of (0.7fpy or 0.55fpy.) of and different amount of 12.7 mm diameter seven wire steel strand were used. Test results showed that the partially prestressed reinforced beams with higher prestressing level exhibited the narrowest crack width, smallest deflection and strain in both steel and concrete at ul
... Show MoreIn this article, the backstepping control scheme is proposed to stabilize the fractional order Riccati matrix differential equation with retarded arguments in which the fractional derivative is presented using Caputo's definition of fractional derivative. The results are established using Mittag-Leffler stability. The fractional Lyapunov function is defined at each stage and the negativity of an overall fractional Lyapunov function is ensured by the proper selection of the control law. Numerical simulation has been used to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control scheme for stabilizing such type of Riccati matrix differential equations.
The distributions of rivers, back swamps, delta, and ancient marine shore line of Southern Mesopotamia during Late Pleistocene – Holocene have been studied depending on the ostracoda and foraminifera assemblages as ecological indicators to determine the ecofacies and paleosalinities, which diagnose different depositional environments. The data are collected from 86 boreholes (including 12 deep boreholes), covering almost the entire Southern Mesopotamia.
Rates of sedimentation are calculated and corrected for compaction in this study, relative to previously measured C14 dating by some authors, for the marine and non- marine (Ur Flood) deposits.
Those rates of sedimentation found in this study are varies from a borehole to another,