Background: Orthodontic therapy often causes external root resorption. Serum vitamin D (VD) level is important for tooth mineralization and bone remodeling. This study aimed to test the impact of vitamin D (VD) supplements on bone and root remodelling in a vitamin D (VD) deficient rat model following orthodontic retention. Methods and Material: 30 male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: a control group of 10 rats and two experimental groups of 10 rats each with vitamin D deficiency (VDD) induced by a VD-free diet for 21 days. And a third group with VD supplementAll groups received orthodontic active treatment using a modified orthodontic appliance that applied 50 gm of force for 14 days to move the maxillary right first molar mesially, followed by 7 days of retention and relapse. The VDD group received no intervention, while the VDS group received 40,000 IU/kg of systemic VD3 by intramuscular injection on the first and fifteenth day of orthodontic treatment. Histomorphometric analysis was performed to assess bone and cementum resorption and deposition. Results: The VDD group exhibited a significant increase in bone and root resorption and a decrease in bone deposition and ce-mentum deposition ratio. In addition, bone deposition and the ratio of cementum deposition were substantially greater in the VDS group compared to the control group. Conclusion: VDD may increase bone and root cementum resorption and decrease deposition after orthodontic retention, which may play a significant role in relapse after retention. Prior to beginning orthodontic treatment, routine VD screening may be beneficial.
Gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) may reflect the events associated with orthodontic tooth movement. Attempts have been conducted to identify biomarkers reflecting optimum orthodontic force, unwanted sequallea (i.e. root resorption) and accelerated tooth movement. The aim of the present study is to find out a standardized GCF collection, storage and total protein extraction method from apparently healthy gingival sites with orthodontics that is compatible with further high-throughput proteomics. Eighteen patients who required extractions of both maxillary first premolars were recruited in this study. These teeth were randomly assigned to either heavy (225g) or light force (25g), and their site specific GCF was collected at baseline and aft
... Show MoreThe study of the validity and probability of failure in solids and structures is highly considered as one of the most incredibly-highlighted study fields in many science and engineering applications, the design analysts must therefore seek to investigate the points where the failing strains may be occurred, the probabilities of which these strains can cause the existing cracks to propagate through the fractured medium considered, and thereafter the solutions by which the analysts can adopt the approachable techniques to reduce/arrest these propagating cracks.In the present study a theoretical investigation upon simply-supported thin plates having surface cracks within their structure is to be accomplished, and the applied impact load to the
... Show MoreMaxim Gorky’s Mother is one of the most important literary genre in social realism, in which he depicts female characters with revolutionary fervor and enthusiasm, projecting his social ideologies and dreams. Though the novel unique importance lies in the fact that it has been thoroughly analyzed by many writers, historians and sociologists, there are almost no studies devoted to the role of women out of a Marxist and feminist point of view. The present paper sheds light on the Russian woman‘s important role in overcoming all adversity and gain her position on Social Realism.
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... Show MoreAlmost human societies are not void of poverty, as the latter accompanied the emergence of humanity, and it, thus, represents an eternal problem. To advance an individual's reality and raise the level of the poor social classes, social security networks have been established. Such networks operate in society following social systems and laws to provide food, and material support. Besides, such networks help to rehabilitate the individual academically and vocationally. They empower vulnerable groups through the establishment of courses and workshop, provide (conditional) subsidies related to the health and educational aspects in order to achieve the sustainable development goals of (2030), and apply developmental roles of social safety ne
... Show MoreInnovative various Schiff bases and their Co(II), Ni(II) and Cu(II) and Hg(II) compounds made by the condensation of 4-amino antipyrine with derived aminobenzoic acid (2-aminobenzoic acid, 3-aminobenzoic acid, and 4-aminobenzoic acid ) have been prepared by conventional approaches. These complexes were described by magnetic sensibility analysis, FT-IR spectra, and molar-conductance and elemental analysis. Analytical values appeared which the mixed-ligand complexes presented ratio about 2:1 (ligand: metal) with the chelation 4 or 6. The prepared compounds offered a good effect on the organisms; bacteria Staphylococcus-aurous, Escherichia-coli and fungi C. albicans, A. niger. Also, the biological products signalize which the mixed compl
... Show MoreThe aim of study was making comparison in some kinematics variables in (100) meter butterfly swimming to first and second ranking in championship 2003 Espana, so noticed there is no such like this study in our country in comparison study for international champions therefore not specific and scientific discovering to these advanced levels, also the researchers depend on group of kinematics variables when the comparison making and it was included (50 meter the first, 50 meter the second, the differences between the first (50) meter and the second , more over basic variables in (100) meter butterfly , after having the results and treat it statistically the researchers reaches to two conclusions which was: • Success the first rank in startin
... Show MoreBackground: The individual differences in emotional and behavioral style can be examined through personality instruments. These differences may explain the health status of the individuals. The purpose of the present study was to assess the influence of Personality Types on gingival and periodontal health status among teachers in Baghdad city in relation to selected salivary hormone (Dehydroepiandrosterone). Materials and methods: Females teachers 534 of randomly selected schools were subjected to personality questionnaire using The Riso-Hudson Enneagram Type Indicator. Teachers were examined to estimate the periodontal status according to the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). A group of teachers were selected for salivary analysis of Dehy
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