Background: Vitamin D deficiency is a problem for pregnant women, and it affects general and oral health. This problem increases as vitamin D requirements increase during pregnancy. This study was conducted among pregnant women in urban and rural areas in order to assess the relation between salivary vitamin D3 and dental caries. Materials and methods: In this comparative cross-sectional study, all women participating were attending the primary Health Care Centers in Baghdad city in AL-Karkh sector, they were with age ranged from (15-44) years old. The total number 90 pregnant women in the second trimester only which include: The first group consists of (45) pregnant women attendance seeking dental treatment in urban areas, The second group consists of (45) pregnant women attendance seeking dental treatment in rural areas. Collection of the unstimulated saliva was done according to Tenovuo (1996). After that the clinical examination of Dental caries DMFT/S was performed according to the world health organization in (2013). Results: The findings of this study revealed that the percentage of pregnant women in the age range of 15–29 years was higher in the rural areas than in the urban areas. While those in the age range of 30–44 years were higher in the urban areas. Regarding the age, the percentage of dental caries experience was increased with age. Regarding the area, the percentage of dental caries was higher in the urban area than in the rural area. The highest mean value of DMFT was found in the urban area, with no significant differences. While the highest mean value of DMFS was found in the rural areas with no statistically significant difference, except the FS, where was statistically significant and higher in the urban areas. The mean value of salivary vitamin D3 was found to be higher in rural areas than in urban areas, although statistically non-significant. The correlation between dental caries experience (DMFT/S) and salivary vitamin D3 level was statistically non-significant among urban and rural pregnant women, except in the urban areas where the DMFS was found to be significant with salivary vitamin D3. Conclusions: According to the results of this study, there was a non-significant negative correlation between dental caries and salivary vitamin D3 among pregnant women in urban and rural areas. Except, the correlation between dental caries experience by surfaces and salivary vitamin D3 was negative and significant among urban pregnant women.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing health concern that usually appears during the second and third trimester stage of pregnancy and is characterized by carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity. The aim of the present study was to scrutinize the relationship between the G972R polymorphism of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) gene with GDM in the Iraqi female population. One hundred and twenty of blood samples taken from healthy women (control) and women with gestational diabetes mellitus in 3rd trimester stage of pregnancy, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c% measured to diagnose GDM, lipid profile (cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, and VLDL), insulin concentration, insulin resistance and beta ce
... Show MoreGestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a growing health concern that usually appears during the second and third trimester stage of pregnancy and is characterized by carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity. The aim of the present study was to scrutinize the relationship between the G972R polymorphism of the insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) gene with GDM in the Iraqi female population. One hundred and twenty of blood samples taken from healthy women (control) and women with gestational diabetes mellitus in 3rd trimester stage of pregnancy, fasting blood glucose (FBG) and HbA1c% measured to diagnose GDM, lipid profile (cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, and VLDL), insulin concentration, insulin resistance and beta cell function to
... Show MoreThis research deals with the relationship between television advertising and buying random cosmetics, where we find that TV ads influence on the purchasing behavior of women, has conducted research in the field on a sample of women in the University of Baghdad, was a random sample taken from 150 different women in the age and social levels educational and cultural students and employees and teachers in order to sample representative be for the research community, and designed a questionnaire for this purpose form as a tool to collect data and information search and analyzed they answered the sample surveyed using a statistical program (spss) to extract percentages And correlation coefficients and testing square Kay , The study found Of w
... Show MoreThe Polarographic study of the interaction between ascorbic acid and Ni+2 was carried out at dropping mercury electrode [DME] . This study included the determination of the kinetic parameters (kfh ,n) and thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy change (H), free energy change (G) and entropy change (S) of Ni+2 complexes with ascorbic acid in 0.1 M KCl solution over the temperature rang of (294-309)K. The electrode processes were irreversible and diffusion controlled.
Teachers play a critical role in planning, organizing, coordinating, monitoring, and instructing, hence the topic of leadership styles receives a lot of attention. As a result, the physical education school is regarded as the most significant component of the educational process because it has the ability to weave together the teaching and educational skills, attitudes, and capacities that its students develop. Fits into their identities through her relationship with them. Teachers play a critical role in planning, organizing, coordinating, monitoring, and instructing, hence the topic of leadership styles receives a lot of attention. As a result, the physical education school is regarded the most significant aspect in the educational proces
... Show MoreThe advancement of science and technology in recent years has led to heavy and diversified production and thus market congestion in various goods and services; which led to an increase of competition among advertisers in order to meet the needs and wishes and to upgrade to the level of consumers. These upgrades have imposed an increase in the usage of the promotions, including advertising in terms of quantity and quality, to influence and persuade customers innovatively and creatively using all available mass media.
The research aims to identify the attitudes of residents of poor areas towards television advertisements for medicines, and the impact of those advertisements on them in terms of making purch
... Show MoreThe present study aims to assess the effect of the Tharthar Canal as an outlet canal that feeds back from the Tharthar Lake on the quality of the Tigris water. Utilizing a Canadian Water Quality Index (CCME-WQI) for the protection of aquatic life Water samples were obtained every month from January to December of 2020. Six different sites were selected: four along the Tigris River and two on the Tharthar Canal. Seven ecological parameters were used to assess water quality depending on importance and availability: water temperature, Water Temperature, Turbidity, Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), pH, Nitrate (NO3-) and Phosphate ( . The study demonstrated that the water quality of the Tharthr canal ranked as a
... Show MoreThe human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) gene plays a critical role in breast cancer development and progression. HER2 overexpression characterizes a biologically and clinically aggressive breast cancer subtype. In this study, 60 samples from Iraqi women with breast cancer were collected and investigated for HER2 protein in the tissue by immunohistochemistry. Also, 20 samples from healthy Iraqi women were used as a control. The results showed that 18 (30 %) patients expressed the HER2 protein. A molecular study for single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was conducted on samples metastasizing to lymph nodes. DNA was extracted and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed to amplify e
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