Background: Esthetic treatment is the options of patient seeking orthodontic treatment. Therefore this study was conducted to measure the concentration of Aluminum, Nickel, Chromium and Iron ions released from combination of monocrysralline brackets with different arch wires immersed in artificial saliva at different duration, to evaluate the corrosion point on different parts of the orthodontic appliances before and after immersion in artificial saliva, and to evaluate the corrosion potential of each group of the orthodontic appliances. Material and methods: Eighty orthodontic sets prepared. Each set represents half fixed orthodontic appliance, from the central incisor to the first molar, for the maxillary arch, each set consisted of molar band, five brackets, half arch wire and ligature elastic.These sets are divided into two groups: Group A: with monocrystalline brackets divided into five subgroups (each subgroup has ten sets), but differ in arch wires, as numbered stainless steel, nickel-titanium, thermally activated, coated stainless steel and coated nickel-titanium arch wires respectively. Group B: with stainless steel brackets divided into three subgroups (also each subgroup has ten sets), but differ in arch wires, as numberedstainless steel, nickel-titanium, and thermally activated arch wires respectively. Used optical microscope to check the corrosion points, and used potentiostat techniques to indicate corrosion rate and tendency. Results: The greatest concentration of Aluminum and nickel ions release during the 1st week in group A, then sharply decreased in the 2nd week. The release of chromium ion released increase with increase intervals, while iron ion released decrease with increase time. Both nickel and chromium ions increase with increase intervals in group B,while iron increase to the maximum at 3rd weeks, then began to degrease. Optical microscope displayed pitting, crevices, and intergranular corrosion. Potentiostat techniques indicated that increase corrosion when used stainless steel and coated nickel titanium than others arch wires with group A, while corrosion increase with nickel titanium than stainless steel arch wires with group B. Conclusions: Non-significant difference in the total nickel, chromium and iron release in group B. Aluminum and iron increase in A4 and A5, while nickel and chromium increase in A1 and A2.The total released amounts of metals ions in both groups were less than the amounts of daily intake.
Turkey Consider Tigris and Euphrates rivers as a national rivers, and not an a International rivers, so that . It insists on its absolute sovereignty on that resources. The block ( levee ) which Turkey established should not create International problems.
The All International agreements and laws in this sect warrant the rights of all the states that located in river stream to use it without any consider to the regional absolute right.
During the 1980s, Turkey construct water projects, started with GAP, project which is one of the greatest project in the world, in spite of the plane of construct of the keep an levee on the Euphrates was pre of that project. The
... Show MoreThe aim of the study is to diagnose the real level of technology usage in teaching and learning EFL at university from teachers and students’ viewpoints, and see if it is possible to achieve something of the researchers’ dream - accessing top universities. Two questionnaires have been used to measure the range of technology usage in Colleges of Education for Women, Baghdad and Iraqi Universities, and College of Basic Education. The results have shown that the reality of using technology is still away from the dream. The results have been ascribed to two reasons: The first is the little knowledge of using technology in teaching, and the second is that technology is not included in the curriculum.
The importance of the heritage of the Iraqi heavy symbolism and connotations where contacted habits rights and beliefs from antiquity to the present, in addition to being represented with data aesthetic it is an expression philosophical concepts associated implications incentives cultural aesthetic of the content of the intellectual including contents of semantics and symbols and the dimensions of the meanings Sayings , to turn form a legacy popularly moving window to communicate worth studying its details and search function on the character and identity and origins . Where have emerged in recent years, a phenomenon characterized by inventing new designs by modernist styles that have entered into technical system design and effectivenes
... Show MoreThe decorative supplements added are important factors in determining many decorative effects and how to implement them, whether in fabrics or fashion, and also work to determine the nature of perception for both the designer and the recipient and have a key role in shaping the human personality and determining his motives and emotional tendencies in the acquisition of fabrics and fashion and the vocabulary they carry A design that has certain connotations and symbols that gain its value from the effects it leaves on the physical formations of women. The problem of the research came with the following question (What are the decorative supplements and their role in the designs of fabrics and women’s fashion?) The research also dealt wit
... Show MoreGender mainstreaming is a goal for building a society characterized by justice and equality. Gender mainstreaming requires a clear understanding of the concept. Therefore, the research focuses on the concept of gender and how it was addressed in the literature through which the concepts related to gender were extracted which is represented by the role and social status through which the relationship of gender can be measured. In order to find out the basis for the different status and roles of both sexes in societies, the interpreted theories of gender were addressed, through which the most important factors affecting gender relations, such as biological, social and economic factors, as well as political systems, were discussed. Due to t
... Show MoreThe study aims at fathoming Robert Browning’ and Robert Lowell’s intentions of choosing the dramatic monologue as a means of exploring human psyche. Significantly, the themes of insanity and murder are not ideal from an esthetic perspective, but for Browning and Lowell it provides the key to probe into human character and fundamental motives. This study examines Browning’ and Lowell’s dramatic monologues that address crime and the psyche of abnormal men. Browning’ and Lowell’s poetry in this regard unravels complicated human motivations and delineates morbid psychologies. Their monologues probe deep down into the mind-sets of their characters and dissect their souls to the readers. The main character of each of Browning
... Show MoreConstitute the relationship between the director and actor mainstay chock done to show art in film and television , both of which occupy what a big role in the mission accomplishment . The leadership of the director of the artwork in various joints require two features two important ( creativity and administration ) , The capabilities director of creative serves as an added intellectual and aesthetic saturated sensation that leaves its impact on all the technical elements involved in done. Either trait administration and leadership it is what requires multiple skills in dealing on according to technical standards and moral and humanitarian allow the transfer of ideas , concepts and visions to those elements to embody and implement the ki
... Show MoreBackground Rectal cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of gastrointestinal tract. Combining chemotherapy with radiotherapy has a sound effect on its management.
Objectives Assessment the patterns of characterizations of rectal cancer. Evaluation of the efficacy, and long-term survival of pre-/ postoperative chemoradiation. Collecting all eligible evidence articles and summarize the results.
Methods By this systematic review and meta-analysis study, we include data of chemoradiation of rectal cancer articles from 2015 until 2019. The research was carried out at Baghdad Medical City oncology centers. Accordance with the
Gastritis can be defined as histological inflammation of the gastric mucosa. It can be classified according to the time course of the disease as acute or chronic, histological findings, anatomic location, and pathological mechanisms. The objective of this study was to evaluation of serum levels of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-8, IL-17 and IL-22 in Helicobacter pylori infection and their association with the degree of gastritis histopathology in a sample of Iraqi patients. The case-control prospective study consists of 60 patients who attended the Gastrointestinal Tract Center at Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital during the period from December 2019 to April 2020. In addition, the control group included 60 apparently healthy individuals. Bio
... Show More