Background: Waterpipe and cigarette are two products of tobacco consumption, tobacco use has detrimental effects on the oral cavity, numerous studies around the world have reported a significant relationship between smoking and increase dental caries and viable count of cariogenic bacteria, Materials and Methods: unstimulated saliva was collected from 84 subjects and divided equally into three groups waterpipe smokers, cigarette smokers, and non-smokers all of the participants are adult male aged between 25-60 years, dental caries was measured by use DMFT index, while S.mutans and S.sobrinus were isolated by using a selective medium SB 20M (Sugar bacitracin-20 modified) agar Results: this present study showed a significant (p≤0.01). higher DMFT, DT, MT, and FT among cigarette smokers group than both waterpipe smokers and non-smokers groups. The viable count of S mutans was significantly (p≤0.01).higher in the cigarette smokers group followed by the waterpipe smokers group and then the non-smoker's group, while the viable count of S sobrinus showed no statistical differences (P>0.05) between groups. The correlation of DMFT with S.mutans, and S sobrinus count, were significantly positive (p ≤0.05), in the cigarette smokers group only Conclusion: Dental caries increase in cigarette smokers, where the DMFT and S mutans viable count are less affected by waterpipe than cigarette smoking, a positive correlation is found between DMFT and .mutans streptococcus count only in cigarette smokers
Background: Posterior superior alveolar artery (PSAA) is branch of the maxillary artery. It usually supplies the lateral wall of the sinus and overlying membrane. Evaluation and awareness of the anatomy of maxillary sinus before surgery is crucial to avoid surgical complications. The aim of this study is to examine the prevalence, location of the (PSAA) in relation to the floor of the maxillary sinus and alveolar crest using computerized tomography (CT) scans. Materials and Methods: This study included 180 Iraqi subjects (99 males and 81 females) with age more than 16 years old. CT scans for (right and left) Maxillary sinuses were done for each patient. The information obtained was assessed in a coronal multi planar reconstructions images (
... Show MoreThe research aims to shed light on the role of SAIs and the nature of their work, with the definition of the concept of quality reports and to clarify the reality of quality in the FBSA reports, the researchers reached to conclusions, including: The quality of the SAI reports is a requirement seeks to achieve any regulatory system in order to develop audit work output of the form in which its impact is reflected positively on the performance of the entities controlled, and researchers gave a set of recommendations, including: the need to increase community awareness of the importance of the FBSA Supervisory reports through conferences, seminars and workshops and that FBSA to follow-up reports, and check the quality continuously to the fa
... Show MoreThe role and procedures for accountability in the spending units significant impact in enhancing the results of the budget it is found by studying and comparing the results of the implementation of the budget for the research sample for a period of two years to repeat the same deviations and irregularities of Guanyin, regulations and instructions that have occurred in implementation results and two consecutive Kaltjaoz customizations and low rates of implementation and the lack of exchange of allocations Finance despite the presence budget note that such remarks are always indicate in regulatory reports, but these observations repeated Bostmr in the results of the implementation of the budget. Which clearly reflects the absence of the ro
... Show MoreThe study was planned to evaluate the effect of adding Guanidinoacetic acid in some characteristics of the sperm of the rams. This study was conducted in the animal field of the Animal Production Department / Faculty of Agricultural Engineering Sciences / University of Baghdad, for the period from 5/8/2018 to 28/2/2019. In this experiment, 3 rams were used at the age of 2-2.5 years and weighed 50-54 kg. The semen was collected early in the morning and once a week and the semen was pooled to remove the individual differences. The treatments were divided: GAA-free control group, treatment T1 (0.05 mg / 100 ml GAA), T2 treatment (0.1 mg / 100 ml GAA) and T3 treatment (0.2 mg / 100 ml GAA). The results of the study showed a significant decrease
... Show MoreSelect the researcher discussed problem of asking the following : Do you use visual intelligence strategy effective in the collection of students in the Department of Art Education in the foreseeable material ? The research aims to " measure the effectiveness of the strategy in the collection of visual intelligence students in the Department of Art Education in the foreseeable material ". To verify the objective of this research was identify hypotheses zero to measure the level of achievement in the foreseeable material second grade students in the Department of Art Education - Faculty of Fine Arts . The population of the research students in the Department of Art Education / Faculty of Fine Arts at the University of Baghdad who are stud
... Show More« The emergence of satellite channels has led to fundamental changes in the supposed role of television, making it a center of culture and an important tributary to social upbringing and influencing the attitudes and values of individuals and in making public opinion regarding various issues, some television programs target ordinary people at home by virtue of the nature of their subjects, where there is a large audience of viewers, who consume and absorb what is offered to them from the cultural production of those satellite channels that play with the aspirations of groups of society to find metaphysical or magic solutions to their social problems or psychological delusions. The media, through its various messages, contributes to brin
... Show MoreAbstract Drug addiction is considered a criminal behavior, which led the Iraqi legislator to prohibit and criminalize it, imposing penalties on those who use or even approach it. This aims to limit its presence in Iraq and reduce unethical behaviors, leveraging the divine prohibition to curb it. The legislator also encourages media organizations to raise awareness about the dangers of this substance, which has contributed to reducing the phenomenon of drugs in Iraq.
The study aimed to analyze the relationship between the internal public debt and the public budget deficit in Iraq during the period 2010–2020 using descriptive and analytical approaches to the data of the financial phenomenon. Furthermore, to track the development of public debt and the percentage of its contribution to the public budget of Iraq during the study period. The study showed that the origin of the debt with its benefits consumes a large proportion of oil revenues through what is deducted from these revenues to pay the principal debt with interest, which hinders the development process in the country. It has been shownthat although there was a surplus in some years of study, it was not
... Show MoreThe aim of the research is to find out the nature of the relationship between the interrelationships and the interrelationships between risk management strategies (avoiding danger, risk exposure, risk exhibition, preventive programs and activities to reduce risks) and the dangers of container transportation, as an independent variable in the dangers of container transportation as a dependent variable, the study started from the problem that the company suffers from The practical aspect of the study was applied at the National Insurance Corporation, and the researcher designed a diagram according to the study's schematic diagram. The study, and for the purpose of data and information related to that, it relied on the descriptive a
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