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jbcd-2896
Natural head position: A review
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Objectives: Although the Frankfort Horizontal (FH) and sella-nasion were routinely used as craniofacial reference planes, the inter-individual orientations were changeable when related to true horizontal (HOR). Natural head position (NHP) is a reproducible, standardized position, with the head in an upright posture and eyes focused on a point in the distance at eye level so that the visual axis is horizontal. The natural head position has importance in anthropological as well as in orthodontic fields, as this position has a relatively fixed relationship to the true horizontal and vertical planes. However, NHP is clinically not simple and it takes long time to be recorded, in addition to a deficiency in the tools utilized in the NHP and lack in the staff training. This paper aims to shed the light on different methods of NHP registration and reproduction. Data and Sources: A literature review of English articles was performed using PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar to search for natural head position in orthodontics. Conclusions: NHP is affected by many factors, and it is different in walking state than in static state. There are various cephalometric or photographic methods for NHP recording. Keywords: Reproducibility of natural head position, True horizontal, True vertical plane.

 

 

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 03 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Immunohistochemical expression of ICAM-1 and Cortactin as cell adhesive molecule and invasive markers in Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma of the head and neck region (A comparative study)
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Background: Lymphomas are a group of diseases caused by malignant lymphocytes that accumulate in lymph nodes and cause the characteristic clinical features of lymphadenopathy. Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) (CD54) is a transmembrane glycoprotein belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily of adhesion molecules. Cortactin was first identified as one of the major substrates for src kinase. because it localized to Cortical actin structures, The aims of this study was to evaluate and compare the immunohistochemical of ICAM-1 expression as cell adhesion molecule marker and Cortactin expression as invasive marker. Material and Methods: This study was performed on (68) formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded blocks, histopathologically diagn

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 01 2024
Journal Name
Medicine Advances
Quality of life, adherence and knowledge of epileptic patients and the impact of a pharmacist‐led educational intervention: A review
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Around 65 million individuals suffer from epilepsy worldwide, and when it is not properly treated, it is linked to higher rates of physical harm and mortality. Due to the requirement for long‐term therapy and the side effects of many medications, medication compliance is a significant issue. The purpose of this review was to summarize the findings of previous studies examining the quality of life (QOL), adherence, patient education, and medication knowledge, as well as the impact of a pharmacist‐led educational intervention. Additionally, to find out if these studies benefit epileptic patients, to find the appropriate method used to help them in all aspects of their lives, and to use these in future studies. A systematic and comprehensi

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 02 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering Science And Technology
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECT OF INLET APERTURE AND BAFFLE POSITION IN IMPROVING THE EFFICIENCY OF PRIMARY SETTLING TANKS
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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Mechanical Engineering Research And Developments
The perfect position of electrical components on PCBs in communication system industry from the mechanical aspects' viewpoint
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Publication Date
Sun Aug 03 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Computed tomographic localization of infraorbital foramen position and correlation with the age and gender of Iraqi subjects
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Background: The Infraorbital foramen is an anatomical structure with an important location in the maxilla, position of foramen in maxillofacial area is necessary in clinical situation requiring regional nerve blocks that are performed in children undergoing facial surgeries to avoid injury to corresponding nerve. The aim of study was to determine the position of the Infraorbital foramen and to correlate Infraorbital foramen position with age and gender using computed tomography. Subjects, Materials, and Methods: The sample consist of prospective study for 50 Iraqi subjects (21 male and 29 female) with age ranged from (5-17) years. The examination was performed on Multi – Slice Spiral Tomography scanner in Al-Karakh General Hospital. Using

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 21 2021
Journal Name
Contemporary Clinical Dentistry
Assessment of maxillary incisors' angulation and position in different types of malocclusions using cone-beam computed tomography
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Abstract Background: This study is aimed to assess the maxillary incisors’ root position, angulation, and buccal alveolar bone thickness in both genders and different classes of malocclusion using cone‑beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: Two hundred and six CBCT images were gathered and analyzed by three‑dimensional On‑Demand software to measure the variables of 803 maxillary central and lateral incisors. Genders and class difference was determined by unpaired t‑test, one‑way ANOVA, and Chi‑square tests. Results: Buccal root position of the maxillary incisors accounted for in the majority of the cases followed by the middle and palatal positions. The thickness of alveolar bone appears to have nearly the sam

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The expansion of granting bank credit and its impact on the financial position of some Iraqi banks
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Abstract

                   The study aimed to identify the expansion in granting credit to Iraqi banking institutions and its impact on the financial position of Iraqi banks in terms of revenues, profits, expenses and property rights in banks, as the expansion in granting bank credit will correspond to an increase or decrease in some items of the balance sheet and the financial position of banks, so the problem of the current study It will be determined through whether the expansion of granting bank credit will affect the financial position of Iraqi banks or not by studying the selected research community of the 10 Iraqi banks listed in the Iraq Stock Exchange, The research sample included the u

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 26 2019
Journal Name
Bulletin Of The Iraq Natural History Museum (p-issn: 1017-8678 , E-issn: 2311-9799)
ANALYTICAL RESULTS OF THE STABILITY OF SOME LIMESTONE ISLANDS IN HA LONG BAY, QUANG NINH PROVINCE OF VIETNAM, A WORLD NATURAL HERITAGE
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The analytical results of the failure types of six limestone islands in the Ha Long bay of Vietnam have been identified. The calculated results of safety factor for 03 plane failure blocks lie within 0.9 and 2, have high potential failure. The analytical results have been also simulated these islands in three-dimensional space and have been also analyzed their potential failure on the fracture surfaces. The results obtained in this paper have important significance for planning and development of the Ha Long bay area, as World Natural Heritage, Quang Ninh province of Vietnam.

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 20 2022
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Industrial Research
Study of the Effect of Epipremnum Aureum Extracts and Tribulus Terrestris L. as a Natural Alternative for the use of Industrial Antioxidants
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In this study, two types of local plants were chosen, the first is the plant golden pothos Epipremnum aureum and the second is the Iraqi Sheikh's chin plant Tribulus terrestris L, for the purpose of making a comparison between them in terms of their possession of chemical groups with antioxidant activity in order to use them as a natural alternative to using antioxidants Industrial that cause negative effects on human health, the samples were prepared using the method of water and alcohol extraction (ethanol 70%) for both plants. It revealed the presence of a number of chemical groups (tannins, carbohydrates, phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids) for both plants, the aqueous and alcoholic extracts. Coumarins are only found in the sheikh's chin pl

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Numerical Simulation of Natural Convection Heat Transfer from Interrupted Rectangular Fins
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      Numerical simulations have been investigated to study the external free convective heat transfer from a vertically rectangular interrupted fin arrays. The continuity, Naver-Stockes and energy equations have been solved for steady-state, incompressible, two dimensional, laminar with Boussiuesq approximation by Fluent 15 software. The performance of interrupted fins was evaluated to gain the optimum ratio of interrupted length to fin length (

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