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The impact of various staining substances and immersion time on the stainability of bonded sapphire brackets with three kinds of light cure orthodontic adhesives (An in-vitro study)
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Background: The need of the patient for a more reasonable esthetic orthodontic intervention has risen nowadays. Thus, orthodontists make use of esthetic orthodontic materials like brackets, ligature elastics, and arch wires. The esthetic brackets come as different forms of materials, such as ceramic brackets, which have their stainability remaining as the most important consideration for the patients and the orthodontists. This study aimed to compare the staining effects of various staining materials, including black tea, cigarette smoke and Pepsi, as well as the time effect on the color stability of sapphire ceramic brackets bonded with three kinds of light cure orthodontic adhesives: Transbond, Resilience and Enlight. Materials and Methods: Three hundred sixty sapphire brackets were utilized and divided into three different groups (120 brackets per group) based on the type of bonding material. Each group was further subdivided into four subgroups (30 brackets each) based on the media in which the brackets were fully immersed, including distilled water, black tea, cigarette smoke and Pepsi. Moreover, each of these subgroups were further subdivided, based on the time of immersion relative to each media, into 3 different smaller subgroups (10 brackets each): one day, 7 days and 14 days with incubation at 37°C. A UV-visible type of spectrophotometer was utilized in order to perform a light absorption test. ANOVA and post hoc LSD tests were used for comparison. Results: The smoke of cigarette appeared to be the highest potent staining type among the tested materials followed by Pepsi and tea. The staining effects of all kinds of staining materials in relation to the bonded brackets color with all adhesive types were raised with increased time of immersion. Conclusion: The patient’s cooperation and habits should be taken into consideration when using sapphire orthodontic brackets. In addition, the patients should be instructed to decrease the consumption of staining beverages. Keywords: Stainability, staining materials, sapphire brackets.

 

 

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Application of Alvarado scoring system in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
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Background: Acute appendicitis is the most common abdominal surgical emergency. The diagnosis of this condition is still essentially clinical and there is difficulty in the clinical diagnosis, especially among elderly, children and patients with a typical presentation, so early and accurate diagnosis of acute appendicitis is important to avoid its complications.Objectives: To evaluate the degree of accuracy of Alvarado scoring system in the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.Method: Two hundred patients were admitted to the Alkindy Teaching Hospital from January 2011 to april 2014- presented with symptoms and signs suggestive of acute appendicitis. After examination and investigations all patients were given a score according to Alvarado sc

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Publication Date
Sun May 10 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
In Silico Analysis of Regulatory Elements of the Vitamin D Receptor
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Vitamin D receptor (VDR) is a nuclear transcription factor that controls gene expression. Its impaired expression was found to be related to different diseases. VDR also acts as a regulator of different pathways including differentiation, inflammation, calcium and phosphate absorption, etc. but there is no sufficient knowledge about the regulation of the gene itself. Therefore, a better understanding of the genetic and epigenetic factors regulating the VDR may facilitate the improvement of strategies for the prevention and treatment of diseases associated with dysregulation of VDR. In the present investigation, a set of databases and methods were used to identify putative functional elements in the VDR locus. Histone modifications, CpG I

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Publication Date
Wed May 18 2016
Journal Name
Al-academy
Representations of women in the subject of freedom: سهاد حسن مانع
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Artist kicks off in his production through creative artistic assimilation to the production of concepts and experiences, which can decode the artist blades through the re-built and converted to the subject of my mind according to the processes of analysis and synthesis. Artist need the expertise and experience to complete the technical work, and to develop taste aesthetic, and achieve certain goals belonging to Resume artist, diversity of artistic experiences between mechanism represents a female form and expression of contents and visions that carry letters of freedom in accordance with the creative visual surfaces embody the image of women, the main speeches adopted by propositions technical artists, and artists who relied female form

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Publication Date
Wed Sep 02 2015
Journal Name
Lap Lambert Academic Publishing
The role of tibialis posterior transfer in correction of foot drop
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 26 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Assessment of the Immunohistochemical expression of EBV in oral lichen planus
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Background: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a chronic immunologic disease. The etiology of OLP is unknown, viral antigens (for example EBV) have been proposed as etiologic agents. OLP may get transformation to malignancy so research on the presence of these in OLP lesions seems to be necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate EBV expression immunohistochemically in OLP. Materials and Methods: Tissue specimens of 30 formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue Blocks histologically diagnosed oral lichen planus was performed to evaluate EBV expression. Results: Expression of EBV was detected in epithelium of (46.6%) in the study samples in (OLP). no statistically significant correlation was found with clinical parameters except for a significan

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 05 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Directorates of the Ministry of Agrarian Reform Iraq in 1958 - 1968
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After the issuance of agrarian reform first law of 1958 events social economic
accelerating out of sync with political events on the application of the agrarian reform law
issued a government executive branch law number (74) in May 1959 was the introduction of
the ministry of Agrarian reform and the development of a new system of the ministry of
agrarian reform and its department to determine structural ministry the new work started
department of the ministry ptt.

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Publication Date
Mon Oct 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
Measuring Gratitude of the Sample of Displaced people in Baghdad city
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Displacement is a problem that worries the human conscience and has received the attention of the international community. Furthermore, it has become one of the most urgent issues nowadays, especially when the number of displaced people in different countries are increased because of the causes of displacement and their political, economic, environmental, social and psychological effects. Iraq is one of the countries where displacement has taken place in several governorates, according to United Nations and International Organization for Migration (IOM), Iraq is considered the second largest country in the world after Syria in terms of the number of displaced people in 2015. Gratitude, a positive emotional response to benevolence, is a m

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Publication Date
Mon Jul 19 2021
Journal Name
Surgical Neurology International
Efficacy of Gamma Knife radiosurgery in the management of pituitary prolactinoma
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Background:

Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKR) has been widely used in the management of a variety of intracranial tumors, including pituitary adenomas. Pituitary prolactinoma (Prs) is one of the most common types of these adenomas.

Methods:

This prospective study included 50 patients with pituitary Prs over a period from June 2017 to June 2018 at the Neurosciences Hospital, Baghdad/Iraq. The GKR procedure was performed using the Leksell Gamma Knife® Perfexion™, 192 beams of Cobalt 60 radiation were delivered through the intact skull to the pituitary Prs.

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Political Sciences Journal
Means of activating the role of civil society institutions in Iraq
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    The concept of civil society is one of the relatively recent concepts that have emerged clearly on the political and social arena especially in European countries, where it effectively contributes to the process of democratic transformation through the multiple roles and functions that it exercises, and acts as mediator between the state and the individual. Civil society in essence works to bring about change in society whether it is political, economic, social or cultural .The civil society appeared in Iraq after 2003, as is the case with many concepts that entered Iraq and took upon themselves the building of a democratic Iraq .Accordingly civil society institutions are the entity capable of rebuilding the Iraqi personal

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 30 2008
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Evaluation of the Potential Role of Serum Selenium in Diabetic Patients
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Background: The altered status of some essential trace elements observed in diabetes could have deleterious influences on the health of the diabetics. Objectives: To estimate and study the potential role of serum Selenium in type 1, type 2 diabetics and healthy subjects; and its relation with lipid profile and glycemic index. Methods: A case control designed study was carried out at the National Diabetes Center (NDC) / Al-Mustansiria University; on a total of 94 participants formed of 32 type 1 diabetics, 32 type 2 diabetics and 30 healthy control participants. Data collected about age, sex and BMI; also, blood samples examined for FPG, HbA1C, serum total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, non-HDL cholesterol, serum triglyceride and sera were

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