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Effect of different bracket types on streptococcus mutans count in orthodontic patients using fluoridated toothpaste
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Background: Plaque retention during fixed orthodontic therapy is an important cause of developing enamel demineralization. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of different brackets types on the count of Streptococcus Mutans in orthodontic patients using conventional fluoridated toothpaste. Materials and Methods: Plaque samples were collected from maxillary 1st premolar teeth of twenty right handed patients (using split mouth technique) before bonding, after 48 hrs of bonding using tooth brush only, and after 2 weeks of using fluoridated toothpaste. Stainless steel bracket was bonded on right first premolar while the left one was bonded with sapphire bracket. The calculation of the Streptococcus Mutans count was done using the plate counting method utilizing colony counter. The differences between the two types of brackets were determined using the Wilcoxon signed ranks test. Results: The median bacterial count on the right side was insignificantly higher than the left side; streptococcus mutans in the plaque sample around the sapphire brackets showed insignificantly less counts than around the stainless steel one, when the patients used tooth brush only or fluoridated toothpastes. Fluoridated toothpastes reduced streptococcus mutans insignificantly around both types of brackets. Conclusion: Fluoridated toothpaste acts effectively in reducing streptococcus mutans colony counts around sapphire and stainless steel brackets. Keywords: Streptococcus mutans, Stainless steel brackets, Sapphire brackets.

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 28 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Biodiversity And Environmental Sciences
Estimation of blood lead level and its effect on hormonal responses of exposed men
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Publication Date
Sat Aug 01 2020
Journal Name
Key Engineering Materials
Irradiation Duration Effect of Gamma Ray on the Compressive Strength of Reactive Powder Concrete
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Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) could be considered as the furthermost significant modern high compressive strength concrete. In this study, an experimental investigation on the impact of micro steel fiber volume fraction ratio and gamma ray irradiation duration influence upon the compressive strength of RPC is presented. Three volume fraction ratios (0.0, 1.0 and 1.5) % was implemented. For each percentage of the adopted fiber ratios, six different irradiation duration was considered; these are (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) days. Gamma source (Cs-137) of energy (0.662) MeV and activity (6) mci was used. In a case of zero volume fraction ratio, the experimental results showed that gamma ray had a significant influence on the reducing of the

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 20 2022
Journal Name
Tikrit Journal Of Agriculture Sciences
Effect of seaweed extract (algean) and (atonik) on vegetative growth and yield of cucumber
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Publication Date
Thu Feb 01 2018
Journal Name
Association Of Arab Universities Journal Of Engineering Sciences
Effect of High Temperature (Fire Flame) on the Behavior of Post-tensioned Concrete Beams
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Publication Date
Sun Dec 04 2011
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Effect of Insecticide Dichlorvos on Ovaries of Mosquito Fish Gambusia affinis (Baird and Girard)
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The toxicity of insecticide dichlorvos (90%) was tested in ovaries of mosquito fish using three sublethal concentrations (0.3, 0.6, 0.8 µg/L) and studied their effects on the means of body and ovary weights, gonadosomatic index, ovum size and ova number. Results showed that there was a significant (P<0.05) decrease in body and ovary weights, ovum size and ova count. However, there was no significant (P<0.05) difference in gonadosomatic index in treated groups with the three concentrations of dichlorvos compared with the control group. This study was added evidence on the ovular toxicity of dichlorvos concerning its effect on fish production as well as reduction in the means of productive offspring and their survival.

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Publication Date
Thu Jan 07 2016
Journal Name
International Journal Of Innovative Research In Science, Engineering And Technology
Effect Of thickness On The Structure And Electrical Conductivity Properties Of CuInSe2 Thin Films
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The influence of different thickness (500,750, and 1000) nm on the structure properties electrical conductivity and hall effect measurements have been investigated on the films of copper indium selenide CuInSe2 (CIS) the films were prepared by thermal evaporation technique on glass substrates at RT from compound alloy. The XRD pattern show that the film have poly crystalline structure a, the grain size increasing with as a function the thickness. Electrical conductivity (σ), the activation energies (Ea1,Ea2), hall mobility and the carrier concentration are investigated as function of thickness. All films contain two types of transport mechanisms of free carriers increase films thickness. The electrical conductivity increase with thickness

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Publication Date
Sat Aug 01 2020
Journal Name
Key Engineering Materials
Irradiation Duration Effect of Gamma Ray on the Compressive Strength of Reactive Powder Concrete
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Reactive Powder Concrete (RPC) could be considered as the furthermost significant modern high compressive strength concrete. In this study, an experimental investigation on the impact of micro steel fiber volume fraction ratio and gamma ray irradiation duration influence upon the compressive strength of RPC is presented. Three volume fraction ratios (0.0, 1.0 and 1.5) % was implemented. For each percentage of the adopted fiber ratios, six different irradiation duration was considered; these are (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) days. Gamma source (Cs-137) of energy (0.662) MeV and activity (6) mci was used. In a case of zero volume fraction ratio, the experimental results showed that gamma ray had a significant influence on the reducing of the

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2011
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
The Effect of CdCl2 and annealing treatments on structural properties of CdS/CdTe heterojunction
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CdS and CdTe thin films were thermally deposited onto glass substrate. The CdCl2 layer was deposited onto CdS surface. These followed by annealing for different duration times to modify the surface and interface of the junction. The diffraction patterns showed that the intensity of the peaks increased with the CdCl2/annealed treatment, and the grain sizes are increased after CdCl2/annealed treatment

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 25 2021
Journal Name
Engineering And Technology Journal
The Effect of the Number of Key-Frames on the Facial Emotion Recognition Accuracy
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Key-frame selection plays an important role in facial expression recognition systems. It helps in selecting the most representative frames that capture the different poses of the face. The effect of the number of selected keyframes has been studied in this paper to find its impact on the final accuracy of the emotion recognition system. Dynamic and static information is employed to select the most effective key-frames of the facial video with a short response time. Firstly, the absolute difference between the successive frames is used to reduce the number of frames and select the candidate ones which then contribute to the clustering process. The static-based information of the reduced sets of frames is then given to the fuzzy C-Means algor

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Publication Date
Wed May 15 2024
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Applied Physics
Effect of Solvent on Spectroscopic Characteristics and Energy Transfer Processes of Some Laser Dyes
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