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Comparison among pulp capping materials in: calcium ion release, pH change, solubility and water sorption (An in vitro study)
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Background: Calcium hydroxide and calcium-silicate materials used as direct pulp capping materials. The aims of this in vitro study is to compare among these materials in, the calcium ion release and pH change in soaking water after immersion of materials’ specimens in deionized water. Also Solubility and water sorption of materials’ specimens measured after soaking time. Calcium-silicate materials used were Biodentine, TheraCal and MTA Plus. Materials and methods: Four materials used in this study; Urbical lining (as control group), Biodentine, TheraCal and MTA Plus. Ten discs fabricated from each tested material, by using plastic moulds of 9 mm diameter and 1 mm thickness. Each specimen was immersed in 10 ml of deionized water and stored at 37ºC using incubator for 3 hr, 24hr, 14 days and 30 days as a sequence. The amount of calcium ion (Ca+2) released in soaking water was measured in each tube using atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Also pH analysis for soaking water measured by using pH meter. For solubility and water sorption measurement, the specimen (n=10) weighed with precision weighing scale before immersion in deionzed water to determine the initial Weight (W1) and immediately after weighing immersed in 10 mL of deionized water at 37 °C for 1 week using an incubator, then removed and weighing again (W2). The samples blotted dry using filter paper and dehydrated in an oven at 37 °C for 24 hr. and weighed again (W3). Then percentage of solubility and water sorption were determined. Data obtained were analyzed using one-way ANOVA and Tukey tests at 0.05 significant levels. Results: Statistical analysis showed highly significant differences (P<0. 05) among tested materials and in all tests (Ca+2 release, pH change, solubility and water sorption). Biodentine showed higher calcium ion released at four soaking time (3 hr, 24hr, 14 days and 30 days), with non significant difference with TheraCal and highly significant difference with MTA Plus and control group at 24 hr. immersion time; While MTA Plus showed non significant difference with control group at 24 hr. Less amount of calcium released was in control group. All tested materials induced alkalization of the soaking water that decreased with time. Means of solubility and water sorption showed that MTA Plus and biodentine had higher solubility in comparison with control group, while TheraCal showed less solubility than control group. The results of water sorption showed that less sorption percentage occurred in control group in comparison with other groups. Conclusion: calcium-silicate materials released more Ca+2 with time than calcium hydroxide. TheraCal showed less solubility and higher water sorption in comparison with control group. Biodentine and MTA Plus showed higher solubility and water sorption in comparison with TheraCal and control group.

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 25 2026
Journal Name
Sciences Journal Of Physical Education
Analytical study of the causes of winning and losing according to some technical indicators among young boxers
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Publication Date
Tue Jun 30 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Education And Health Promotion
Impact of dysmenorrhea on academic performance and quality of life among female medical students: A pilot study
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BACKGROUND:

Dysmenorrhea is a common menstrual disorder among young women and is frequently associated with physical discomfort, emotional distress, and functional limitations. Among medical students, the demanding academic environment may further exacerbate its impact. However, data from Iraqi medical students remain limited, despite the potential academic and quality-of-life consequences. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of dysmenorrhea, its impact on academic performance and quality of life, and associated coping strategies and health-seeking behaviors among female medical students.

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Publication Date
Tue Mar 01 2005
Journal Name
Saudi Medical Journal
Condylomata acuminata in infants and young children. Topical podophyllin an effective therapy.
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KE Sharquie, MM Al-Waiz, AA Al-Nuaimy, Saudi medical journal, 2005 - Cited by 8

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 01 2017
Journal Name
Journal Of Epidemiology And Global Health
Incidence and prevalence rates of diabetes mellitus in Saudi Arabia: An overview
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Publication Date
Thu Jun 15 2017
Journal Name
Arab World English Journal
An Assessment of Iraqi EFL Learners’ Performance in Using Synonymy and Antonymy
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The knowledge related with lexical items can be realized as including relations of meaning a cross words. Words that share a similarity of meaning are called to be synonymous, and words that share a contrary of meaning are called to be antonymous. Both of them are universal linguistic phenomenon that exist in terms of linguistic system of every language. The present study aims at finding out areas of difficulty that Iraqi EFL learners encounter in the use of synonymy and antonymy, both on the recognition and production levels. Also tries to detect the main reasons behind such difficulties. A diagnostic test of two parts, namely, recognition and production, is designed. The test is built to include two linguistic phenomenon which are: synony

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
An Application of Non-additive Measures and Corresponding Integrals in Tourism Management
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Non-additive measures and corresponding integrals originally have been introduced by Choquet in 1953 (1) and independently defined by Sugeno in 1974 (2) in order to extend the classical measure by replacing the additivity property to non-additive property. An important feature of non –additive measures and fuzzy integrals is that they can represent the importance of individual information sources and interactions among them. There are many applications of non-additive measures and fuzzy integrals such as image processing, multi-criteria decision making, information fusion, classification, and pattern recognition. This paper presents a mathematical model for discussing an application of non-additive measures and corresp

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Publication Date
Fri Nov 01 2019
Journal Name
Iop Conference Series: Earth And Environmental Science
The Role of Sewage Irrigation Management in Water Productivity, Growth and Yield Parameters of Broccoli in Al-Sulaimani government/Kurdistan region
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Abstract<p>The objective of the present work was to estimate water requirements and water use efficiency for Broccoli under normal irrigation conditions and sewage irrigation. Field experiment was carried out during the season 2018 at station/Sulaimni agricultural station/Bakrajo –College of Agricultural Sciences. The experiment included three treatments: River water irrigation in all season growth (I<sub>1</sub>), Sewage water irrigation in all season growth (I<sub>2</sub>), Alternate irrigation (one river irrigation followed by two sewage water irrigation) in all season growth (I<sub>3</sub>). The experimental Design was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) w</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2020
Journal Name
Plant Archives
Tracking the existence of PAH in water resources around and away from Al-Ahdab Oil Field in Wasit Governorate of Iraq
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Some major pollutants of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) those discharged as water produced (WP) from the AlAhdab oil field (AOF) in the ponds close to it may leak to the water resources around and eventually reaches the marshes which will affect its ecosystem. Thus, this work aims to track the availability of PAH in the water resources and the Main Outfall Drain (MOD) nearby. The determination of PAH was evaluated using “High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC)”. The mean concentration of sixteen PAH in the produced water within the field was relatively high (0.01 to 10.89 g/ml) with standard deviations of (0.10.9). While, PAH outside the field were gradually diminishes down to (0.01-0.039) x10-2 g/ml which exceeds th

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 06 2015
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Measurement of radon gas concentration in water and soil samples in AL-Najaf governorate by using nuclear track detector (CR-39)
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The radon gas concentration in environmental samples soil and water of selected regions in Al-Najaf governorate was measured by using alpha-emitters registrations which are emitted form radon gas in (CR-39) nuclear track detector. The first part is concerned with the determination of radon gas concentration in soil samples, results of measurements indicate that the highest average radon concentration in soil samples was found in (Al-Moalmen) region which was (100.0±7.0 Bq/m3), while the lowest average radon concentration was found in (Al-Askary) region which was (38.5±4.7 Bq/m3), with an average value of (64.23±14.9 Bq/m3) ,the results show that the radon gas concentrations in soil is below the allowed limit from (ICRP) agency which is (

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Publication Date
Tue May 10 2022
Journal Name
European Scholar Journal (esj)
MODELING AND COMPARISON OF CLOSED-LOOP AND OPENLOOP ADAPTIVE OPTICS SYSTEMS
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Astronomers have known since the invention of the telescope that atmospheric turbulence affects celestial images. So, in order to compensate for the atmospheric aberrations of the observed wavefront, an Adaptive Optics (AO) system has been introduced. The AO can be arranged into two systems: closedloop and open-loop systems. The aim of this paper is to model and compare the performance of both AO loop systems by using one of the most recent Adaptive Optics simulation tools, the Objected-Oriented Matlab Adaptive Optics (OOMAO). Then assess the performance of closed and open loop systems by their capabilities to compensate for wavefront aberrations and improve image quality, also their effect by the observed optical bands (near-infrared band

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