Background: Obesity is a serious public health concern that has reached epidemic proportions; the prevalence, as well as the severity of obesity in adolescents is increasing at an alarming rate. A close relationship was found between weight status and dental caries. Thus this research aimed to assess the prevalence and severity of dental caries among overweight adolescent females in relation to physicochemical characteristics of stimulated whole saliva in comparison with normal weight adolescent females. Materials and methods: The total sample involved for nutritional status assessment is composed of 2678 females aged 13-15 years. This was performed using Body Mass Index specific for age and gender according to CDC growth chart (2000). The diagnosis and recording of dental caries was by using Decay, Missing, Filled surface index (DMFs); and according to the criteria of Manji et al (1989). Salivary samples were collected from 30 overweight females and their control under standardized conditions and then analyzed for measuring salivary flow rate and viscosity, in addition to estimation essential elements (zinc, copper, calcium, iron, and total protein). Results: The caries experience among the overweight females was lower than that among the normal weight with non significant difference. Salivary analysis demonstrated that the salivary flow rate was non significantly higher among overweight females. The viscosity of saliva was having an equal value among both groups. The data analysis of salivary elements found that the zinc and copper concentrations were highly significant higher among the overweight females than that among the normal weight. The opposite result found concerning salivary calcium level with also highly significant difference; while the iron and total protein were non significantly lower among the overweight females. DMFs and its grades correlated negatively weak with salivary flow rate among overweight females; while concerning salivary viscosity, the correlation was direct weak with DMFs. Salivary copper, calcium and total protein showed an inverse correlation with dental caries. Conclusion: The results of the current research revealed that overweight affect the caries experience. Several of salivary factors that found to be higher among the overweight females might play a role in protection of teeth from dental caries.
Background: Measuring the concentration of hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) in HBV patients can be determined with immunoassay techniques. This study aimed to measure the HbsAg titers in chronic HBV patients and to assess its correlation with patients' ages, gender, and with the levels of liver enzymes and total serum bilirubin. Materials and Method: Fifty-eight chronic hepatitis B infected patients were enrolled in this study. Age and gender of the patients were recorded. HbsAg concentration was tested with automated Immunoanalyzer. The patients were also tested for ALT, AST, ALP, and TSB by automated chemistry analyzer. Results: All the chronic HBV patients have positive HBsAg titers above the negative cutoff (0.05U/L) with mea
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Condensation of 1,2- dibromo ethane with para hydroxy benzoic acid gave 1,2-Ethane-bis- 4-oxybenzoic [1]. This Compound was converted with the thionyl chloride to give 1,2-Ethane-bis- 4-oxybenzoyl chloride [2]. Reaction of compound [2] with thiosemicarbizades gave 1,2-Ethanebis[4-oxybenzoyl-thiosemicarbazide] [3] and opteined 1,2-Ethane-bis[3-mercapto-5-phenoxy- 1,2,4-triazole] [4] from treatment compound [3] with NaOH (4%) .The new compounds 1,2- Ethane-bis[3-(substituted thioacyl)-4-(substituted acyl)-5 phenoxy-1,2,4-triazole] [5a-d] and 1,2- Ethane-bis[3-(substituted alkylthio)-5 phenoxy-1,2,4-trizole] [5e-f] derived from compound [4] were synthesized and characterized by physical and spectral data. All the compounds [4], [5a-d] and [5e-
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BSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Acne vulgaris(AV)is chronic inflammatory disease of pilosebaceous unit of young people. Patients with acne with or with out scarring might differ in regard to their immunological background from those free from acne. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the problem of facial AV especially patients with scarring and to determine the frequency of associated skin diseases and to be compared with acne free control. METHODS: A cross sectional randomized controlled epidemiological study was conducted from Oct.2005-Oct. 2006.Three hundred students from Basra University; 132 (44%) males and 168 (56%) females were enrolled, their ages ranged from 18-25 (20.9±1.8) years. They were divided into: Group A those free from acne (98 individuals),G
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We propose a novel strategy to optimize the test suite required for testing both hardware and software in a production line. Here, the strategy is based on two processes: Quality Signing Process and Quality Verification Process, respectively. Unlike earlier work, the proposed strategy is based on integration of black box and white box techniques in order to derive an optimum test suite during the Quality Signing Process. In this case, the generated optimal test suite significantly improves the Quality Verification Process. Considering both processes, the novelty of the proposed strategy is the fact that the optimization and reduction of test suite is performed by selecting only mutant killing test cases from cumulating t-way test ca
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Conclusion :
The conflict between the fundamentalist and news theory in the methodology that each of the two schools pursued with the Twelver Shi'a Imamiyyah in deriving the legal rulings from the sources of legislation, especially in the second source, which is the noble hadith and narration after the Holy Qur’an, which is the first source has gone through multiple and complex stages that led This struggle to excess, stress, exaggeration, negligence, neglect and indulgence by each of the two schools in dealing with the noble hadith and narration and in the manufacture of rules and laws and fundamentalist and juristic theories of the process of jurisprudential development of legal rulings where every school believed and proceed
... Show MoreThis study is designed to isolate and molecular identification of C. neoformans, C. neoformans is pathogenic yeast and effect immunocompromised and immunocompetent. Methods: collect 50 samples from pigeon dropping and 50 samples from pigeon fanciers (sputum). The collection time was extended from November 2021 to February 2022, then culture at SDA, BSA, Cryptococcus Differential agar, esculin agar, Eucalyptus leaves agar media and Brain heart infusion agar with methyldopa, biochemical test including urease test and methyldopa, and then confirm identification by molecular identification by PCR technique sequencing and genetic analysis. The results showed that 3 swaps taken from sputum of human included cryptococcus neoformans and 6 s
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