Background: The menopause is physiological changes in women that give rise to adaptive changes at both systemic and oral level. During menopause, ovarian function declines and the production of sex steroid hormones reduces significantly affecting the oral tissues and periodontal structures leading to chronic inflammation of the gingiva, increased risk of tooth loss. Aim of study: The present study was designed to estimate the oral hygiene status in relation to salivary estradiol level among pre and post-menopausal women. Materials and Methods: Ninety women aged 48-52 years old, the control group consisted of 45 pre-menopausal women and the study group consisted of 45 post-menopause were examined for gingival index, plaque index and calculus index. Unstimulated saliva was collected from all women to analyze estradiol hormone level. Results: the mean rank of the gingival index, plaque index and calculus index were higher in post-menopause than that of pre-menopause group with lower level of salivary estradiol hormone (E2).These oral hygiene indices have a negative relation with estradiol (E2) hormone level in both test groups. Conclusion: Oral hygiene status affected by salivary estradiol hormone level in women. Oral hygiene status was worse among post-menopausal women and correlated negatively with salivary Estradiol hormone level.
Background: Fetal macrosomia is usually distressing to obstetricians and neonatologists. In the current study, involved mothers had poor social and medical circumstances, as they were migrated forcefully within the country borders due to war, from their original homeland to safer camps which had miserable situations. Objectives: To study rate, risk factors, and complications of macrosomia in people with low socio-economic living conditions and missed medical follow up. Methods: All internally displaced pregnant women who gave birth to neonates weighed ≥4000 g were involved in the study. All required history, examination, care, and investigations were practiced by the attending obstetrician and neonatologist. Cases of normal birth weight n
... Show MoreThe transfer function model the basic concepts in the time series. This model is used in the case of multivariate time series. As for the design of this model, it depends on the available data in the time series and other information in the series so when the representation of the transfer function model depends on the representation of the data In this research, the transfer function has been estimated using the style nonparametric represented in two method local linear regression and cubic smoothing spline method The method of semi-parametric represented use semiparametric single index model, With four proposals, , That the goal of this research is comparing the capabilities of the above mentioned m
... Show MoreThe experiment was carried out in the Department of Biology, College of Education for Pure Science –Ibn AL Haitham, University of Baghdad, Iraq, during the growing season 2017 – 2018. The objective was to find out the effect of foliar spraying of tryptophan and IQ COMBI nano fertilizer on cumin plants. The obtained results show that both tryptophan and IQ COMBI nano fertilizer increased plant height, root length, shoot dry weight, the content of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, protein percentage, no. compound umbel.plant-1, wt. seeds. plant-1. The optimum treatment combination was calculated as 30 mg.L-1 tryptophan, 1000mg.L-1 IQ COMBI nano fertilizer, which gave the highest values for most of the parameters studied
Moringa oleifera L. and red pomegranate extracts have been reported to inhibit gram-positive facultative anaerobe growth and inhibit the formation of biofilm on tooth surfaces. The current study aimed to assess the antibacterial effect of M. oleifera L. and red pomegranate extracts and their combinations against Porphyromonas gingivalis. The antimicrobial sensitivity, minimum inhibition concentrations (MIC), and minimum bactericidal concentrations after treatment with the aqueous extracts of M. oleifera L. and red pomegranate as well as their combination against clinically isolated P. gingivalis were determined using agar well diffusion and two-fold serial dilution. The anti-biofilm activity of the extracts and their combination was evaluat
... Show MoreAn easy, eclectic, precise high-Performance Liquid Chromatographic (HPLC) procedure was evolved and validated to estimate of Piroxicam and Codeine phosphate. Chromatographic demarcation was accomplished on a C18 column [Use BDS Hypersil C18, 5μ, 150 x 4.6 mm] using a mobile phase of methanol: phosphate buffer (60:40, v/v, pH=2.3), the flow rate was 1.1 mL/min, UV detection was at 214 nm. System Suitability tests (SSTs) are typically performed to assess the suitability and effectiveness of the entire chromatography system. The retention time for Piroxicam was found to be 3.95 minutes and 1.46 minutes for Codeine phosphate. The evolved method has been validated through precision, limit of quantitation, specificity,
... Show MoreIn general, the importance of cluster analysis is that one can evaluate elements by clustering multiple homogeneous data; the main objective of this analysis is to collect the elements of a single, homogeneous group into different divisions, depending on many variables. This method of analysis is used to reduce data, generate hypotheses and test them, as well as predict and match models. The research aims to evaluate the fuzzy cluster analysis, which is a special case of cluster analysis, as well as to compare the two methods—classical and fuzzy cluster analysis. The research topic has been allocated to the government and private hospitals. The sampling for this research was comprised of 288 patients being treated in 10 hospitals. As t
... Show MoreThe concept of social graphic design is one of the most critical areas that highlight the designer's knowledge of social responsibility by employing design skills in community awareness. This study focused on defining social graphic design, the meaning, practices, and strategies for designing awareness posters. This study reviewed two examples of awareness posters that reflect the Saudi designer's practices. The results summarized that social graphic design is a concept not taught directly but gained from permanent practice in designing awareness posters that interact with community issues. The designer's understanding of his social events and their sensing in the visual form of a poster reflects the designer's social awareness. Social g
... Show MoreAfter 2003, Iraq witnessed new challenges represented by the predominance of sectarian discourses, hatred and extremism at the expense of moderate political discourse and the predominance of sub-affiliations and external agendas at the expense of national affiliation, which led to the creation of an unsafe or stable environment dominated by the character of violence and terrorism. Moderate discourse would work to fuse sub-affiliations into one melting pot in which it would be the first loyalty to the homeland and not to the tribe, party or sect... Etc., and this in turn will contribute to promoting peaceful coexistence between the various other sub-affiliations within the framework of one community construction
Background: percutaneous balloon dilation of corotation of aorta is a less invasive and alternative to surgical repair for patients with discrete coaction of aorta and although the used of balloon angioplasty in patients with recurrent postoperative coarctation gained a wide consensus, the use this technique for native coarctation is still controversial in children less one years.
Objective: to evaluate the immediate and late result of balloon dilation of native coarctation of aorta in infant and children.
Type of the study: A prospective study.
Subjects & Methods: The study was done on forty-five patients who were referred for cardiac catheterization and balloon
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