Background: The menopause is physiological changes in women that give rise to adaptive changes at both systemic and oral level. During menopause, ovarian function declines and the production of sex steroid hormones reduces significantly affecting the oral tissues and periodontal structures leading to chronic inflammation of the gingiva, increased risk of tooth loss. Aim of study: The present study was designed to estimate the oral hygiene status in relation to salivary estradiol level among pre and post-menopausal women. Materials and Methods: Ninety women aged 48-52 years old, the control group consisted of 45 pre-menopausal women and the study group consisted of 45 post-menopause were examined for gingival index, plaque index and calculus index. Unstimulated saliva was collected from all women to analyze estradiol hormone level. Results: the mean rank of the gingival index, plaque index and calculus index were higher in post-menopause than that of pre-menopause group with lower level of salivary estradiol hormone (E2).These oral hygiene indices have a negative relation with estradiol (E2) hormone level in both test groups. Conclusion: Oral hygiene status affected by salivary estradiol hormone level in women. Oral hygiene status was worse among post-menopausal women and correlated negatively with salivary Estradiol hormone level.
The Intelligence of the Child in Relation to some Variables
The research aims to identify the correlation between self-reliance and human relationship of kindergartens’ teachers. Total of (120) kindergarten teachers at Baghdad city. To collect needed data, two scales were administered to the research sample consisted of (25) items of each scale with (five) alternatives. The results revealed that teachers have good level of self-reliance and human relationship. There is a positive correlation between self-reliance and human relationship.
Objective: To assess the fear of laboring women regarding the delivery on themselves and their
newborns.
Methodology : A descriptive study was conducted on (100) pregnant women who where admitted to
labor room in Al- Yarmock Teaching Hospital/Maternity Units, Fatima Al- Zahra and Ibn-Al Baladi
Maternity and Pediatric Hospital. The questionnaire was consisted of pregnant women
socio-demographic data, reproductive data and fear items of labor. Data were collected by using a
questionnaire format, through interview technique and reviewing pregnant records, descriptive and
inferential statistical procedure were used to analyze the data.
Results: The main results of the study revealed a high mean of scores with moderate
Objective:- Women's behavior during pregnancy which can affect the health of their infant , may be influenced by their attitude toward the pregnancy. The study was carried out to assess the pattern of health behaviors for pregnant women. Methodology: A descriptive study was carried out to select randomized (100) pregnant women attending Baghdad Teaching hospital. The data were collected through personal interview by using questionnaire form constructed for the purpose of the study. Results:- The result of the study revealed that the highest percentage of study sample were in age group (21-25) years, primary graduated and house wife . The results showed that the highest percentage( 64%) of them were primigravida, (72%) of them have (1-2)
... Show MoreThe research aims to identify the effectiveness of violence by parents in the consolidation of positive values among students. Additionally, the research aims to identify the differences in violence levels among students regarding their gender (males & females). The study was limited to the intermediate school students in Baghdad city / Karkh2 for the academic year 2017-2018. The results showed that males are more violent than females do and that discrimination led to experience violence more than other methods. The researcher recommends the need to create a positive atmosphere within the school context. For future studies, the researcher suggests conducting a study to identify the violence and its relation to some personal character
... Show MoreBackground: Oral lichen planus (OLP) is a relatively common chronic inflammatory muco-cutaneous disease classified among the potentially malignant lesions of oral mucosa. The aim of this study is to investigate and compare the expression of p53 and PCNA proteins in oral lichen planus and epithelial dysplasia cases. Materials and methods:Formalin-fixed and paraffin- embedded blocks of 21 lichen planusand 21 oral dysplasia cases were referred to immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis for anti p53 and anti PCNA monoclonal antibodies. Results: The results showed that positive nuclear staining for p53 was found in 11/21 (52.4%) cases of lichen planus and 17/21 (80.9%) cases of dysplasia. Positivity for PCNA was observed in 18/21(85.7%) of oral li
... Show MoreProfiles of indignation and indiscretion in pre-Islamic poetry
Colour is part of human environ ment and is present almost every
where in cluding clothes.
Clours have positive and negative effects on the person's psychology.
Thus we can ask the following question: what are the clours preffered
by the Iraqi females in the university level and what is the lightness and purity
of these colours and their effect on their psychology?
In this research we included 563 Baghdad university female student for
the year 2005-2006.
The question are included anumber of qnestions that gave answers to
the research main objectives.
One of the most important problems of Iraqi construction projects is the cost variances, so it is important to identify the problems and shortcomings that cause poor cost control. Through the utilization of questionnaires, the study evaluated how project costs were managed and reported. The questionnaire was distributed to 180 professionals working in the Iraqi construction sector, with a response rate of 91%. The results showed that a high percentage of projects are implemented with a difference between real and estimated costs, and the process of documenting cost data needs to be more secure. On the other hand, there is a weakness in providing the necessary work structure information to monitor costs and a lack of proc
... Show MoreThe most frequently diagnosed condition in women at the age of reproduction is the polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS).it could be related to a complex endocrine condition, due to its heterogeneity and uncertainty about its etiology, as the clinical highlights of PCOS incorporate those related to reproductive signs such as decreased frequency of ovulation, irregular menstrual cycles, decreased fertility. Carnitine plays a substantial role in weight loss, glucose tolerance, insulin function and fatty acid metabolism. Thus carnitine plays a crucial role in controlling obesity, insulin resistance, oxidative stress that are associated with PCOS .While, AGEs are a diverse group of reactive molecules that are formed end
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