Background: This review aims to discuss various canine retraction techniques using frictionless mechanics. Methods: Between 1930 and February 2022, searches were conducted about various canine retraction techniques using fixed orthodontic appliances in various databases, including PubMed Central, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, the Cochrane Library, Textbooks, Google Scholar, Research Gate, and manual searching. Results: After removing the duplicate articles, publications that described how to use archwires to perform canine retraction with the archwires were included. Conclusions: The pros and cons of various canine retraction techniques using archwires were thoroughly discussed. T-loop is the preferred spring of all because of it

Background: This review aimed at explaining different methods of canine retraction along the archwire. Methods: Searching for different methods of canine retraction using fixed orthodontic appliances was carried out using different databases, including PubMed Central, Science Direct, Wiley Online Library, the Cochrane Library, Textbooks, Google Scholar, Research Gate, and hand searching from 1930 till February 2022. Results: After excluding the duplicate articles, papers describing the methods of canine retraction along the archwires were included. The most commonly used methods are NiTi closed coil spring and elastic chain. Conclusions: Various methods of canine retraction along the archwires were explained in detail regarding their adv

in this work the polymides were prepared as rthemally stable polymers by diffrent ways

During the last decade, there has been a concern about the relation between aluminum residuals in treated water and Alzheimer disease, and more interest has been considered on the development of natural coagulants. The present study aimed to investigate the efficiency of alum as a primary coagulant in conjunction with mallow, Arabic gum and okra as coagulant aids for the treatment of water samples containing synthetic turbidity of kaolin. Jar test experiments were carried out for initial raw water turbidities 100, 200 and 500 (NTU). The optimum doses of alum, mallow, Arabic gum and okra were 20, 2, 1 and 1 mg/L for100 NTU turbidity level, 35, 4, 2 and 3 mg/L , for 200NTU turbidity level and 50, 8, 10 and 8 mg/L for 500 NTU turbidity leve

Background: asthma has an influence on craniofacial development. Recently evidences show that there is an association between oral health problems and chronic lung disease. The present study was designed to estimate the changes in arch dimension measurements among asthmatic children aged 12 years old who were collected from AL- Zahra Center Advisory for Allergy and Asthma and compare them with the non-asthmatic children of the same age and gender. Material and Methods: Fifty children (25 asthmatic and 25 non- asthmatic children) were included for the odontometric measurement. For both upper and lower study models, photographs were taken using special photographic apparatus for each child, and the statistical analysis were done by using SPSS

Background: Loss of tooth structure may be due to tooth to tooth contact and presence of abrasive components in the work environment. The aim of study was planned to evaluate the occurrence of dental attrition among Cement factory workers. Material and Method: The Sample included all workers chronically exposed to cement dust in the EL-Kubaisa cement factory (95 workers). A comparative group of workers (97) were non-exposed to cement dust was selected. All workers were males in gender with age range (25-55) years. The assessment of tooth wear was based on the criteria of smith and knight, 1984. Results: The maximum tooth wear score for exposed workers was 84.2% while non exposed workers was 38.1%,with statistical differences between two g