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The Effect of Oral Contraceptive Pill on Cortical Thickness and Bone Mineral Density of The Mandibular Mental and Gonial Regions in Premenopausal Females Using Spiral Computed Tomography
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Background: Prolonged use of low-dose estrogen ''20 micrograms or less" Combined oral contraceptive pill (that have estrogen and progesterone steroid hormone) had an effect on bone turnover .Bone mineral density is used in clinical medicine as an indirect indicator of osteoporosis and fracture risk. The aim of the study: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of low dose oral contraceptive pill on the cortical thickness (in millimeter) and bone mineral density at the mandibular cortex of mental and gonial regions in Hounsfield unit(HU) using spiral computed tomography. Material and method: This prospective study was conducted on computed tomographic image of 100 women aged between (20-40) years .The collected sample includes patients attended for different diagnostic purposes to AL-Shaheed Al-Seder Teaching General Hospital of Al-Najaf AL-Ashraf from Julay, 2015 to May 2016.Data were grouped into two categories :group (1)control group (don't use combined oral contraceptive pill) (n=50);group(2)women taking low dose(20microgram) combined oral contraceptive pill for more than 2 years,(n=50).Cortical thickness measured in millimeter and Bone Mineral Density measured in Hounsfield unit both in mental foramen and gonial angle regions .Physical activity number of parity type of lactation were documented by questionnaire. Result: There was a statically significant difference; in cortical thickness p=0.037 and bone mineral density P=0.007 in mental area between the two groups ;the lowest mean in group (2)and highest mean in group(1) . After adjustment for age ,number of parity, and physical activity measurement scores ,there was a significant difference p=0.001 in mean of bone mineral density and p=0.065 for cortical thickness of gonial angle between the two groups ;the highest mean in group (1) and lowest mean in group (2). CONCLUSION: Computed tomography is a good diagnostic method to measure the value of cortical thickness and bone mineral density simultaneously in mental and gonial region of the mandible in premenopausal female using low dose combined oral contraceptive pill which have small effect on bone ;depended on the woman's age and the duration of using the pill ;that did not appear until about two years of use.

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Publication Date
Sun Apr 06 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The reality of child labor in Baghdad ... And access to treatment
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  The phenomenon of child labor, any activity performed by a child and represents a contribution to the production, this phenomenon had been rife in Iraqi society, after that the proportion of child labor for the age group (6-14 years) amounting to 3% in 2006, became for  the same age group of 8% in 2008*.                                                      

It is recognized that each phenomenon reasons, the phenomenon which our atten

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 15 2023
Journal Name
Al-academy
Government slogans and the reflection of visual identity in their designs
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There is no doubt that development is a human necessity and an urgent technical imperative that science imposes on all aspects of societal life. Especially in the field of graphic design, as logos are among the most prominent graphic achievements of an interactive nature with the requirements of the technical and functional era to serve the recipient and the continuity of interaction with him through a visual message sent to him constantly to remind him of what he interacted with in advance, which is known as visual identity, and during the process of developing logos especially And by providing designs that suit the contemporary technical and functional development, we often see the logo lose its visual identity. Therefore, the research

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Publication Date
Mon Jun 01 2009
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The effectiveness of internal and external auditing in support Corporate governance
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The study aims at showing the active role of the internal auditors through explaining what they should be obliged to in writing the reports and financial and non financial statements according to the international standards of accounting to be transparent and integral. It also aims at giving the independence that the auditors should enjoy through connecting them to an Auditing Commissions to submit additional services in addition to assessing the instrument of control to evaluate risks, give consultations and the services related to the governance and independence of Supervising Council.                         

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Publication Date
Fri Dec 30 2011
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Excessive crying in infancy; value of the history and physical examination
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Background: Excessive crying in early
infancy is a common condition that causes a
great deal of concern to the parents and
physician.
Objective: The aim of this study is to find
the underlying etiology of excessive crying in
infancy and to determine how the history,
physical examination, and laboratory
investigations contribute to the final diagnosis.
Method: A prospective study done on 150
afebrile infants less than 4 months of age
visited Al-Elwia hospital for children
complaining of excessive crying of more than
two hours.
The study done over a one year period from
the first of January 2009 to the end of
December 2009.
All febrile infants and those with acute illness
preceding the

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 30 2015
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Timings of people and their significance in the Koran: (Objective study)
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We try through this research to show the relationship between the crescent and the month in the Koran, and then their importance and their relationship to timing, and the timing of this relationship with people, and the significance of these timings, so we gathered verses that spoke about the family and the month, and we tried to study them in a detailed objective study, so this came The research of five subjects was the first topic introductory research and the time and month, while the remaining four detectives on the verses that talked about the timing of the month, and we have explained the relationship of this timing with people and the significance of these times.

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 30 2019
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Semitic languages   And its role in the revival of Islamic heritage
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In this paper, we present a study of examples of writings that are known in the science of Semitic research compared to the texts (Jewish-Arab, Samaritan-Arabic) written in Hebrew script and texts from the Bible. We try to explain the role of these literary works in Islamic history and civilization, as one of the most important documents are the writings (Gniza), which contributed to provide a full presentation on life in the Islamic community in all aspects of life, especially religious activity and showed the sincere relationship in dealing with the other under tolerance The University of Cambridge has prepared Islamic documents and kept them in separate boxes and presented them to researchers to convey the Islamic heritage written by

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 11 2021
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
Community Pharmacists' Attitudes and Practice in the Management of Minor Ailments
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This study aimed to know the attitudes and practice of pharmacists regarding the management of minor ailments in Iraqi community pharmacies. A cross-sectional study for 320 community pharmacists was conducted during February 2020 using a newly developed and validated questionnaire. Only 4.4% of pharmacists prefer not to deal with minor ailment cases. Minority (15.6%) of participated pharmacists refer more than half of minor ailment cases they face to the physician. Regarding the assessment of minor ailments using WWHAM technique, what are the symptoms are the most commonly asked questions by pharmacists. Only 49.1% mentioned that they ask all WWHAM questions. On the other hand, most pharmacists (90%) educate their patients about the dosi

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Publication Date
Sat Jul 01 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The Impact of Strategic Management Accounting Techniques on the Reliability of Financial Statements:: The Impact of Strategic Management Accounting Techniques on the Reliability of Financial Statements:
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The objective that the researcher seeks to achieve through this research is to clarify the relationship between strategic management accounting techniques and the reliability of financial statements, and to measure the impact of these techniques as an independent variable with its three dimensions, which are: activities-based cost, target cost, and benchmarking on the reliability of financial statements as a dependent variable. To achieve this objective, the researcher did the following: First: Determine the research problem through the following question: Do strategic management accounting techniques affect the reliability of financial statements in industrial companies listed on the Palestine Exchange? Second: Making the analytical des

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Publication Date
Sun Mar 01 2020
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The impact of reinsurance indicators on the financial surplus of the National Insurance Company: applied research in marine insurance / merchandise branch
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The research dealt with the impact of reinsurance on the financial surplus of the National Insurance Company by focusing on reinsurance in the marine insurance / merchandise branch. The aim of this research was to show the impact of reinsurance indicators (reinsurance ratios, retention ratios, commission rates earned) on reinsurance operations Data on the research variables were collected based on the inductive and deductive approach in the analysis of information for the financial reports of the National Insurance Company of the Marine Insurance Branch and the insurance portfolio (goods) for the period from 2010 to 2017, and for the purpose of obtaining results was used M a number of statistical methods commensurate with the nature of t

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Publication Date
Sat Feb 14 2026
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
THE SEMIOTICS OF PROPAGANDA SPEECH IN SOCIAL MEDIA SITES (A Semiotic Study of the News Reports on the Israeli "Makan" Channel)
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Technological and digital development has allowed the emergence of many methods of producing semantics on social media sites within semiotic and propagandistic frameworks. This is what made the image appear in different molds and shapes, especially as it is the first material for visual perception.
This made the Israeli propaganda discourse use it as an important tool to manage the content of suggestive messages with semiological connotations. By doing so, such tool uses social networking sites as an appropriate environment to achieve those goals, which are related to cases of manipulating emotions and minds. It, moreover, changes convictions, attitudes, trends and behaviors according to what the propaganda planner wants.
Many Isra

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