Background: The marginal adaptation has a key role in the success and longevity of the fixed dental restoration, which is affected by the impression and the fabrication techniques .The objective of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the marginal fitness of lithium disilicate crowns using two different digital impression techniques (direct and indirect techniques) and two different fabrication techniques (CAD/CAM and Press techniques). Materials and Methods: Thirty two sound upper first premolar teeth of comparable size extracted for orthodontic reason were selected in this study .Standardized preparation of all teeth samples were carried out with modified dental surveyor to receive all ceramic crown restoration with 1 mm deep chamfer finishing line, 4 mm axial length and 6 degree convergence angle. Half of the teeth were duplicated and poured in type IV dental stone to have sixteen dies and then these dies and the remaining teeth divided in to two groups according to the type of digital impression techniques (n=16) as follow: Group A: Indirect digital impression technique scanned by inEos X5 camera; Group B: Direct digital impression technique scanned by CEREC AC Omnicam camera. Each group was subdivided according to the technique of fabrication into two subgroups (n=8): Press technique using IPS e-max press (A1, B1); CAD/CAM technique using IPS e-max CAD (A2, B2).Marginal gaps were evaluated on the prepared teeth at four defined points on each aspect using digital microscope at a magnification of (280X). One way ANOVA and LSD tests were used to identify and localize the source of difference among the groups. Results: The results showed that indirect digital impression with IPS e-max CAD/CAM group A2 revealed the poorest marginal integrity with (55.93 μm ± 3.300). Group B2 and group A1 were next in line with(44.49 μm ± 6.840 and 37.74 μm± 5.433) respectively, while in the first group of restorations, the result of 29.9 μm ± 5.534 obtained with direct digital impression with pressable ceramic was clearly better. Conclusions: All the tested digital impression techniques showed clinically acceptable accuracy and intraoral scanning with pressable ceramic significantly enhanced the marginal fit
Plant regeneration and cormel production was carried out from callus cultures initiated from White Prosperity and Priscilla Gladiolus Varities. It is aimed to produce plants and cormels in vitro all year round. The study included many experiments, these were the effect of Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Kinetin (Kin) interaction on callus initiation, effect of Benzyl adenine (BA) on shoot regeneration from callus culture, effect of NAA on rooting after 30, 40 and 50 days in culture. The role of the type of agricultural medium (Peat moss or river sand and their mixture on plantlets survival after weaning was studied. Results showed that the interaction between NAA and Kin induced callus on axillary bud explants. Callus was best ini
... Show MoreAt a time of increasing human potential in the face of crises and risks through the use of technology on a large scale and steadily in various fields of life, and the vulnerability of business organizations as a result of mistakes. The failure of a sudden these errors or omissions or symptoms. Also, some crises occur outside the control of management, others caused by leakage of important information and sometimes secret may be a strategy or a new plan or new project occurs outside the organization to the opposite of what is planned. Therefore, the crisis management are critical to all organizations, because the active management of the crisis helps to ensure the continued prosperity of the organization. Here comes from the resea
... Show MoreThe normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is an effective graphical indicator that can be used to analyze remote sensing measurements using a space platform, in order to investigate the trend of the live green vegetation in the observed target. In this research, the change detection of vegetation in Babylon city was done by tracing the NDVI factor for temporal Landsat satellite images. These images were used and utilized in two different terms: in March 19th in 2015 and March 5th in 2020. The Arc-GIS program ver. 10.7 was adopted to analyze the collected data. The final results indicate a spatial variation in the (NDVI), where it increases from (1666.91 𝑘𝑚2) in 2015 to (1697.01 𝑘𝑚2)) in 2020 between the t
... Show MoreThe Logic of Freezers and Animals in the Holy Quran
This research aims to know and the role of the marketing recovery dimensions in improving the organization's reputation through an exploratory study of private banks in the city of Baghdad. The aim of the research is to define the role of the marketing recovery through its dimensions (compensation, apology, speed of response, assistance and problem solving), in improving the organization's reputation, as the research will attempt to provide a theoretical framework for the dimensions studied through the most important of what researchers presented and then conduct the applied aspect of the research. Data were collected using a questionnaire-based survey consisting of 35 questions and distributed to 110 managers of private banks in
... Show MoreThe capital in the bank is the important element in establishing it, because it maintains the banking sector in the event of exposure to losses or risks In addition to contributing to the provision of liquidity And protection of depositors' money from potential and unexpected losses. There is also a relationship between the prices of shares and the indicators of the durability of the capital owned, considering that the shares are the components of the bank capital The study limited the indicators of capital to assets and capital to deposits, capital to loans and financial investments Where the most important conclusions are the damage to the detriment of shareholders in contrast to the depositors in the case of increasing the propo
... Show MoreAbstract
The objective of the research is to identify the role of innovative leadership in achieving the dimensions of administrative empowerment in the company for the public of food industries. The various variables have shown the importance of innovative leadership to achieve the dimensions of administrative empowerment in both international and local companies. Administrative Empowerment "In order to answer this question, a virtual model was developed to reflect the relationship and impact between innovative leadership and administrative empowerment. The research was based on the analytical descriptive approach. the research community, The company represented the general company for food industries, retrie
... Show MoreViolence is one of the most serious threats facing societies because it affects their internal structure and threatens the security and stability of society. It is classified as one of the types of security crises that are emerging in Arab and Islamic societies in particular, and in most countries of the world in general.
The threat of this crisis is increasing. Terrorism is considered as one of the most serious aspects of that all the countries of the world, currently, suffer from. The terrorism has begun to penetrate deep into society in one way or another starting from the Second World War, which led to the emergence of leftist movements in Western Europe, Japan, France, Italy and other countries as a result of emerging ideas
... Show More