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The Effect of Enamel Protective Agent on Shear and Tensile Bond Strength of Stainless Steel Brackets by Using Different Adhesive Agents (In Vitro Study)
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Background: Decalcification of surface enamel adjacent to fixed orthodontic appliances, in the form of white spot lesions, is a wide spread and familiar well-known side effect of orthodontic treatment. The present study was carried out to evaluate the effect of enamel protective agent (Clinpro white varnish) on shear and tensile bond strength of Dentaurum orthodontic stainless steel brackets by using 3M Unitek and Ormco as orthodontic adhesive agents. Materials and methods: Sixty-four extracted human upper first premolar teeth were selected and randomly divided into two groups with 32 teeth each, representing the shear and tensile bond strength testing groups. Then according to the type of bonding adhesive and the addition of Clinpro before bonding (3M, Clinpro + 3M, Ormco, Clinpro + Ormco) each group was subdivided into four equal subgroups each with 8 teeth. After passing twenty-four hours of bonding procedure, where the samples were kept at 37˚C the brackets were debonded by using Tinius-Olsen universal testing machine to record the shear and tensile bond strength value. The difference in bond strength was analyzed by using ANOVA test at p≤0.05. Results: The use of Clinpro with 3M Unitek orthodontic bonding agent shows higher shear and tensile bond strength than Clinpro with Ormco orthodontic bonding agent. Conclusions: Using Clinpro white varnish before bonding can be successfully used with 3M Unitek orthodontic bonding agent.

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Publication Date
Sun Dec 21 2025
Journal Name
Academic Science Journal
Estimation Monthly Mean, Temperature using Correlation Formula in different provinces in Iraq
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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
The effect of Layout in measuring customer satisfaction (patients) using (Servicescape) model
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Abstract:

This research aims to identify the impact of the Layout Ghazi al-Hariri hospital for surgery specialist on customer satisfaction (patients) using the model (Servicescape), the problem of the research represented in the extent to which the hospital management design of the service and Layout hospital aesthetic and functional aspects that fit patients for therapeutic and nursing services , and used the developer scale by (Miles et al., 2012) for data collection, which includes the independent variable in (17) items distributed in three dimensions (Facility aesthetics , hospital cleanliness, and the Layout accessibility ) The dependent variable is the satisfaction of customers (pat

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 30 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
Estimation of rock strength from sonic log for Buzurgan oil field: A Comparison study
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It is very difficult to obtain the value of a rock strength along the wellbore.  The value of Rock strength utilizing to perform different analysis, for example, preventing failure of the wellbore, deciding a completion design and, control the production of sand.  In this study, utilizing sonic log data from (Bu-50) and (BU-47) wells at Buzurgan oil field.  Five formations have been studied (Mishrif, Sadia, Middle lower Kirkuk, Upper Kirkuk, and Jaddala) Firstly, calculated unconfined compressive strength (UCS) for each formation, using a sonic log method.  Then, the derived confined compressive rock strengthens from (UCS) by entering the effect of bore and hydrostatic pressure for each formation.  Evaluations th

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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
A New Approach for Developing Spectrophotometric Determination of Phenylephrine Drug in Pure, Pharmaceutics and Serum Samples Using Sodium Periodate as Oxidizing Agent via a Green Method of CFIA/Merging Zone Technique
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     The research involved a rapid, automated and highly accurate developed CFIA/MZ technique for estimation of phenylephrine hydrochloride (PHE) in pure, dosage forms and biological sample. This method is based on oxidative coupling reaction of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) with PHE in existence of sodium periodate as oxidizing agent in alkaline medium to form a red colored product at ʎmax )520 nm (. A flow rate of 4.3 mL.min-1 using distilled water as a carrier, the method of FIA proved to be as a sensitive and economic analytical tool for estimation of PHE.

Within the concentration range of 5-300 μg.mL-1, a calibration curve was rectilinear, where the detection limit was 3.252 μg.mL

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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2014
Journal Name
International Journal Of Pharma Sciences
Cytogenetic and Fertility Study for the Effect of Alcoholic and Water Extracts of Gold and Black Raisin in Mice
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raisin on mice in comparison with negative (phosphate buffer saline (PBS) and positive Mitomycin-C (MMC) controls. Moreover, the effect on fertility hormones (follicles stimulation hormone/FSH, lutenising hormone/LH) was also measured. The effect of the extracted samples were measured by employing cytogenetic analysis which included (the mitotic index (MI), chromosomal aberrations (CAs) and micronucleus (MN)) parameters. Results showed that significant increase in MI and significant reduction in both CAs and MN percentage were seen after treatment with both alcoholic and water extracts of the two raisins and alcoholic extracts was more effective than water extracts. On the other hand both the gold and black raisin enhanced the levels of the

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 30 2017
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences ( P-issn 1683 - 3597 E-issn 2521 - 3512)
AComparative Qualitative and Quantitative Study of Anthraquinone Derivatives in the Roots of Rheum ribes and Rheum emodi by HPLC
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High performance liquid chromatography was applied for the separation and identification of four antharquinone derivatives, aloe emodin, emodin, chrysophanol and physcion. The separation was carried out using Eurospher 100, C18 column (4.6 mm i.d. x 250 mm, 5 µm) under the following conditions: acetonitile (solvent A) and water: acetic acid (99.9: 0.1 v/v, pH 3.5)( solvent B) as a mobile phase with isocratic elution with 30% solvent B at flow rate 0.8 ml/min. The detection wavelength was set at 254 nm. The four antharquinone derivatives were isolated from the Iraqi rhubarb, Rheum ribes root by preparative TLC, their structures were identified by 1H NMR and used as standards for HPLC analysis. The percentages of alo

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Publication Date
Sat Sep 30 2017
Journal Name
Al-khwarizmi Engineering Journal
Study the Effect of Multilayer Single Point Incremental Forming on Residual Stresses for Bottom Plates
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Abstract

 

Knowing the amount of residual stresses and find technological solutions to minimize and control them during the production operation are an important task because great levels of deformation which occurs in single point incremental forming (SPIF), this induce highly non-uniform residual stresses. In this papera propose of a method for multilayer single point incremental forming with change in thickness of the top plate (0.5, 0.7, 0.9) mm and lubrication or material between two plates(polymer, grease, grease with graphite, mos2) to knowing an effect of this method  and parameters on residual stresses for the bottom plates. Also compare these results for the

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2022
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Extraction of Manganese Element from Electric Arc Furnace Steel Slag (EAFS) by Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method
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This research investigates manganese (Mn) extraction from Electric Arc Furnace Steel Slag (EAFS) by using the Liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) method. The chemical analysis was done on the slag using X-ray fluorescence, X-ray diffraction, and atomic absorption spectroscopy. This work consisted of two parts: the first was an extensive study of the effect of variables that can affect the leaching process rate for Mn element from slag (reaction time, nitric acid concentration, solid to liquid ratio, and stirring speed), and the second part evaluates the extraction of Mn element from leached solution. The results showed the possibility of leaching  83.5 % of  Mn element from the slag at a temperature of 25°C, nitric acid co

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Publication Date
Wed Dec 01 2010
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Study of electron energy distribution function and transport parameters for CF4, Ar gases mixture discharge by using the solution of Boltzmann equation-Part II
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The Boltzmann transport equation is solved by using two- terms approximation for pure gases and mixtures. This method of solution is used to calculate the electron energy distribution function and electric transport parameters were evaluated in the range of E/N varying from . 172152110./510.VcmENVcm
The electron energy distribution function of CF4 gas is nearly Maxwellian at (1,2)Td, and when E/N increase the distribution function is non Maxwellian. Also, the mixtures are have different energy values depending on transport energy between electron and molecule through the collisions. Behavior of electrons transport parameters is nearly from the experimental results in references. The drift velocity of electron in carbon tetraflouride i

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 17 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Effect Of Using Quantitative Methods Of Demand Forecasting In Improving Of Supply Chain Performance:" Case Study In One Of An Industerial Organization"
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Objecte The study aims to test the effect of using the appropriate quantitative method of demand forecasting in improving the performance of supply chain of the aviation fuel product ( The study sample), One of the products of the Doura refinery (The study site), By testing a set of quantitative methods of demand forecasting using forecasting error measurements, and choosing the least faulty, most accurate and reliable method and adept it in the building  chain.

Is the study of problem through a starting with the fol

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