Background: It was stated in scientific literatures that the entire craniofacial complex is influenced by the growth of the cranial base structures. Nevertheless, many times this is not the case, and this point is subject to great controversy so the aim of this study is to evaluate the possible differences in cranial base shape and flexure between different skeletal classes for both genders and to investigate any possible correlation between cranial base variables and other skeletal base variables. Materials and Methods: The sample include 75 lateral cephalometric radiographs of Iraqi adults aged between 18-25 years (39 males, 36 females), collected from patients and undergraduate students in the orthodontic department of College of Dentistry-Baghdad University. The total sample was divided to three major categories depending on ANB angle and dental occlusion into class I control group (12 males, 13 females), class II group (13 males, 12 females) and class III group (14 males, 11 females). Results: The results revealed that no significant difference in all the angular measurements of both skeletal and cranial bases existed between genders, while all linear and area measurements were usually higher in males than females and there was no significant difference in all the skeletal and cranial bases angles existed between different skeletal classes in both genders meaning that there is no relationship between cranial base flexure and skeletal classes. The angles N-S-Ar, N-S-Ba and SN-FH were always correlated negatively with both the angles SNA and SNB in all skeletal classes for both genders, while the angle SBa-FH showed weaker correlation with the angles SNA and SNB than the angle SN-FHin all skeletal classes for both genders. Conclusion: Cranial base flexure is not the main cause of skeletal malocclusions.
Objective: To measure the effect of the pharmacist-led medication reconciliation service before hospital discharge on preventing potential medication errors. Methods: This behavioral interventional study took place in a public teaching hospital in Iraq between December 2022 and January 2023. It included inpatients who were taking four or more medications upon discharge from the internal medicine ward and the cardiac care unit. The researcher provided the patients with a medication reconciliation form and reconciliation form (including medication regimen and pharmacist instructions) before discharging them home. Any discrepancies between the patients’ understanding and the actual medication recommendations prescribed by the physici
... Show MoreThe follower of the history of cinema in the world notes that cinema started recording one and these films are varied in their subjects, while the life of man was the material of these films to be in a creative artistic style.
If the Palestinian films produced by Palestinian directors do not have an impact on the local, Arab and international levels, this is due to the weakness in several technical fields or with the intention to make them bad or negligence of those who produce these films.
This research deals with the role played by Palestinian films in dealing with the internal situation from the point of view of the Palestinian media elite in terms of their exposure to films and the motives of this exposure and the expectation
Cancer is one of the critical health concerns. Health authorities around the world have devoted great attention to cancer and cancer causing factors to achieve control against the increasing rate of cancer. Carcinogens are the most salient factors that are accused of causing a considerable rate of cancer cases. Scientists, in different fields of knowledge, keep warning people of the imminent attack of carcinogens which are surrounding people in the environment and may launch their attack at any moment. The present paper aims to investigate the linguistic construction of the imminent carcinogen attack in English and Arabic scientific discourse. Such an investigation contributes to enhancing the scientists’ awareness of the linguistic co
... Show MoreTransit agencies constantly need information about system operations and passengers to support their regular scheduling and operation planning processes. The lack of these processes and cultural motivations to use public transportations contributes enormously to the reliance on the private cars rather than public transportation, resulting in traffic congestions. The traffic congestions occur mainly during peak hours and the accidents happening as a result of road accidents and construction works. This study investigates the effects of weekday and weekend travel variability on peak hours of the passenger flow distribution on bus lines, which can effectively reflect the degree of traffic congestion. A study of passen
... Show MoreAt a time of increasing human potential in the face of crises and risks through the use of technology on a large scale and steadily in various fields of life, and the vulnerability of business organizations as a result of mistakes. The failure of a sudden these errors or omissions or symptoms. Also, some crises occur outside the control of management, others caused by leakage of important information and sometimes secret may be a strategy or a new plan or new project occurs outside the organization to the opposite of what is planned. Therefore, the crisis management are critical to all organizations, because the active management of the crisis helps to ensure the continued prosperity of the organization. Here comes from the resea
... Show MoreThe lower Cretaceous sandstones of Zubair and Nahr Umr formations are the main producing reservoirs in Subba oilfield in southern Iraq. Key differences in their petrophysical and depositional attributes exist affecting their reservoir characteristics. The evaluation of well logs and core porosity-permeability data show better reservoir properties in Nahr Formation. The Litho-saturation logs indicate greater thickness of oil-saturated reservoir units for Nahr Unr Formation associated with lower values of shale volume, and higher values of effective porosity. In addition, higher values of permeability for Nahr Umr Formation is suggested by applying porosity-irreducible water saturation cross plot. The reducing reservoir quality of Zub
... Show MoreThe paper aims to reveal the effectiveness of digital journalism in developing political awareness among Iraqi feminist activists. This paper is descriptive, and it adopted the analytical descriptive survey method. A snowball sample composed of (102) respondents of Iraqi feminist activists was adopted and questionnaire was used to collect data. The research has reached the following conclusions: The rate of Iraqi Feminist Activists dependence on digital Journalism have increased; to develop their political awareness, and their preference - in this regard - (the pages of journalistic institutions to social media) in a way that exceeds other types of digital journalism. (Variety of languages) has topped the priorities of Iraqi feminist act
... Show MoreThe duty of care is the essence of the error of negligence under the English legal system, and without it, responsibility for negligence cannot be judged, regardless of the extent of the damage incurred. contained in English law. In view of the importance of proving the existence of the duty of care on the defendant so that it is possible to judge his responsibility for negligence, the need arises to find a general principle to which the defendant is subject in order to decide whether he owes the plaintiff with the duty of care and therefore responsible for the negligence, and this is what we will explain in the research topic the study.