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The effect of nano-hydroxy apatite on re-mineralize white spot lesions prior to orthodontic adhesive removal by different techniques (An In vitro comparative study)
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Background: White-spot lesion is one of the problems associated with the fixed orthodontic treatment. The aims of this in-vitro study were to investigate enamel damage depth on adhesive removal when the adhesive were surrounded by sound, demineralized or demineralized enamel that had been re-mineralized prior to adhesive removal using 10% Nano-Hydroxy apatite and to determine the effect of three different adhesive removal techniques. Materials and methods: Composite resin adhesive (3M Unitek) was bonded to 60 human upper premolars teeth which were randomly divided in to three groups each containing ten sound teeth and ten teeth with demineralized and re-mineralized lesions adjacent to the adhesive. A window of 2 mm was prepared on the buccal surface of the tooth and painted with an acid resistant nail varnish except for the window.The demineralized enamel produced by immersion of teeth in demineralization buffer for 12 days.half of the demineralized window, was covered with acid –resistant red nail varnish, and the samples were then subjected to re-mineralization with 10% of nano hydroxyapatite. The adhesive was removed with either :(1) fiber reinforced composite bur in slow speed handpiece (SS); (2)12 fluted long flame carbide bur in high speed handpiece (HS); (3) ultrasonic scaler (US).damage to the enamel was assessed using stereomicroscope with grid eye piece. Results: the greatest to least mean depth of damage with three different adhesive removal techniques to sound enamel was HS˃ US ˃SS and to demineralized and re-mineralized enamel were SS ˃US˃ HS. Sound enamel had the least amount of damage. Re mineralization before the adhesive removal highly significant reduced the amount of damage produced by all techniques compared with demineralized enamel. Conclusions: When the demineralized enamel was present 12 fluted long flame carbide bur were found to be the least damage in adhesive removal technique and re-mineralization further reduced the amount of enamel damage

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2016
Journal Name
Asian J Pharm Clin Re
EFFECT OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC POLYMERS ON THE PROPERTIES OF CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL MATRIX TABLET PREPARED BY DRY GRANULATION
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Publication Date
Thu Dec 01 2016
Journal Name
Asian Journal Of Pharmaceutical And Clinical Research
EFFECT OF NATURAL AND SYNTHETIC POLYMERS ON THE PROPERTIES OF CANDESARTAN CILEXETIL MATRIX TABLET PREPARED BY DRY GRANULATION
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ABSTRACTObjective: The objective of this study is to develop a controlled release matrix tablet of candesartan cilexetil to reduce the frequency of administration,enhance bioavailability and improve patient compliance; a once daily sustained release formulation of candesartan cilexetil is desirable.Methods: The prepared tablets from F1 to F24 were evaluated with different evaluation parameters like weight variation, drug content, friability,hardness, thickness and swelling ability. In vitro release for all formulas were studied depends on the type and amount of each polymer, i.e. (16 mg,32 mg and 48 mg) respectively beside to the combination effect of polymers on the release of the drug from the tablet.Results: In vitro release show

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 25 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Effect of surface treatments and thermocycling on shear bond strength of various artificial teeth with different denture base materials
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Background: Separation and deboning of artificial teeth from denture bases present a major clinical and labortory problem which affect both the patient and the dentist. The optimal bond strength of artificial teeth with denture base reinforced with nanofillers and flexible denture bases and the effect of thermo cycling should be evaluated. This study was conducted to evaluate and compare the shear bond strength of artificial teeth (acrylic and porcelain) with denture bases reinforced by 5% Zirconium oxide nanofillers and flexible bases under the effect of different surface treatments and thermo cycling and comparing the results with conventional water bath cured denture bases. Material and methods: Two types of artificial teeth; acrylic and

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Publication Date
Mon Dec 20 2021
Journal Name
Journal Of Craniofacial Surgery
The Effect of Bone Density Measured by Cone Beam Computed Tomography and Implant Dimensions on the Stability of Dental Implants
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Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of bone density value in Hounsfield unit derived from cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), and implant dimensions in relation to implant stability parameters namely the resonance frequency analysis and the insertion torque (IT) value. It included 24 patients who received 42 dental implants (DI). The bone density of the planned implant site was preoperatively measured using cone beam computed tomography. The implant stability was measured using Osstell implant stability quotient (ISQ). The ISQ values were recorded immediately postoperatively and after 16 weeks. The IT value was categorized as 35 N/cm or > 35 N/cm. The mean (standard deviation) primary stability was 79.58 (5.27) ISQ,

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 05 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Physics
Effect of the AgO content on the surface morphology and electrical properties of SnO2 thin films prepared by PLD technique
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Tin dioxide doped silver oxide thin films with different x content (0, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07) have been prepared by pulse laser deposition technique (PLD) at room temperatures (RT). The effect of doping concentration on the structural and electrical properties of the films were studied. Atomic Force Measurement (AFM) measurements found that the average value of grain size for all films at RT decrease with increasing of AgO content. While an average roughness values increase with increasing x content. The electrical properties of these films were studied with different x content. The D.C conductivity for all films increases with increasing x content. Also, it found that activation energies decrease with increasing of AgO content for all films.

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 05 2023
Journal Name
Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research
The Fire Effect on the Performance of Reinforced Concrete Beams with Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregates by Expanded Clay Aggregates
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This paper aims to investigate the flexural behavior of reinforced concrete beams considering fire resistance by adding Lightweight Expanded Clay Aggregates (LECA) to the concrete mix as partial coarse aggregate replacement. LECA is a type of porous clay with a uniform pore structure with fine, closed cells and hard, tightly sintered skin. The experimental work comprised four reinforced self-compacted concrete beams. All the specimens were identical in their geometrical layout of 1600×240×200 mm, reinforcement details, and support condition (simply supported). For all the beams, the main reinforcement was provided by two bars, each having a diameter of 12 mm, while a bar of 6 mm diameter was employed for the top and shear reinforc

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 03 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Effect of The Mental image Building Dimensions for The Company to Aattract Attention of Iraqi Consumers for local Products: Exploratory Study
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The survey showed sample opinions of officials in the general company for vegetable oils industry, and the statement of the order of the effect of these dimensions depending on the degree of importance, the questionnaire was used as a key tool in collecting data and information of the sample consisted of 30 officials, arithmetic mean, standard deviation, percentages, Spearman correlation coefficient and the global statistical analysis as a statistical methods that based on statistical program (SPSS), The researcher came to several conclusions, most important that there is high agreement by the respondents of the importance of the dimensions of building a mental picture of the company and to attract the consumer's attention, Also research

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Publication Date
Sun Jan 25 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Histological and immunohistochemical evaluation of the effect of local exogenous application of VEGF on bone healing (experimental study in rat)
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Background: The repair of bone defects remains a major clinical orthopaedic challenge. Bone is a highly vascularised tissue reliant on the close spatial and temporal connection between blood vessels and bone cells to maintain skeletal integrity. Angiogenesis thus plays a pivotal role in skeletal development and bone fracture repair. The role of angiogenic and osteogenic factors in the adaptive response and interaction of osteoblasts and endothelial cells during the multi step process of bone development and repair will be highlighted in this study. This study aimed to identify the role of local exogenous vascular endothelial growth factor in bone healing and to analyze the expression of VEGF by immunohistochemistry in created bone defect af

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Publication Date
Tue Apr 14 2015
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
The Effect of Using Ginger (Zingiber officinale) to Prevente Salmonella typhi. in Some Food Products.: The Effect of Using Ginger (Zingiber officinale) to Prevente Salmonella typhi. in Some Food Products.
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This study was conducted in order to statement the effect of ginger (Zingiber officinale) extracts in reducing the presence of the bacterium Salmonella typhimurium in some foods products.
Qualitative disclosures effective chemical compounds (alkaloids, flavonoids, phenols, tannins, terpenes) showed that the extracts of ginger an effective compounds as follows: oil extract and fresh juice> aqueous extract warm> aqueous extract cold. And studied the impact extract of fresh ginger juice, hot water ,cold water and oil rates extracts (1,2,3)% in bacteria test has shown that all s of extracts clear impact inhibition has oily extract of ginger recorded the highest value to inhibition zone reaching 35 mm when the concentration of 3%, f

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Publication Date
Sun Sep 22 2019
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Comparative Antimicrobial Activity of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesized by Corynebacterium glutamicum and Plant Extracts
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           Biosynthesis of nanoparticles has received considerable attention due to the growing need to develop environmentally benign nanoparticle synthesis processes that do not use toxic chemicals. Therefore, biosynthetic methods employing both biological agents such as bacteria and fungus or plant extracts have emerged as a simple and a viable alternative to chemical synthetic and physical method .It is well known that many microbes produce an organic material either intracellular or extracellular which is playing important role in the remediation of toxic metals through reduction of metal ions and acting as interesting Nano factories. As a result, in the present study Ag NPs were syn

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