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Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Premolar Teeth with Extensive MOD Cavities Restored with Different Bulk Fill Composite Restorations (An In vitro Study)
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Background: The present in-vitro study was undertaken to evaluate and compare fracture resistance of weakened endodontically treated premolars with class II MOD cavities restored with different bulk fill composite restorations (EverX posterior, Alert, Tetric EvoCeram Bulk Fill, and SDR). The type and mode of fracture were also assessed for all the experimental groups. Materials and Method: Forty-eight human adult maxillary premolar teeth were selected for this study. Standardized extensive class II MOD cavities with endodontic treatment were prepared for all teeth, except those that were saved as intact control. The teeth were divided into six groups of eight teeth each (n=8): (Group 1) intact control group, (Group 2) unrestored teeth with endodontic treatment, (Group 3) restored with (TetricEvoCeram Bulk Fill), (Group 4) restored with SDR bulk-fill flowable composite, (Group 5) restored with EverX Posterior composite and (Group 6) restored with Alert composite. . All specimens were subjected to compressive axial loading until fracture in a universal testing machine. The data were statistically analyzed using one-way ANOVA test and LSD test. Macroscopic fracture type were observed and classified into favorable and unfavorable. Specimens in groups 3, 4, 5 and 6 were examined by stereomicroscope at a magnification of 20× to evaluate the mode of failure into adhesive, cohesive or mixed. Results: The mean fracture load was (1.2505Kn) for group 1, (0.371Kn) for group 2, (0.512 Kn) for group 3, (0.6435 Kn) for group 4, (0.608 Kn) for group 5, and (0.8315) for group 6. Using one way ANOVA test a highly significant difference (P < 0.01) were found among all groups. The use of Alert composite (which contain micro glass fiber) improved the fracture resistance significantly in comparison to other groups. SDR bulk-fill flowable composite showed better improvement in fracture resistance but with no significant differences in comparison to EverX composite restoration (which contain Short E-glass fiber filler). The type of failure was unfavorable for all the restored groups. Conclusion: All experimental composite restorations showed significant improvement in the resistance to cuspal fracture in comparison to unrestored one (group 2). However, under the conditions of this study, direct composite restorations should be considered as a valid interim restoration for weakened endodontically treated teeth before cuspal coverage can be provided.

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Publication Date
Fri Mar 25 2016
Journal Name
Oriental Journal Of Chemistry
Synthesis and Antioxidant Ability of New 5-amino-1,2,4-Triazole Derivatives Containing 2,6-dimethoxyphenol
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4-amino-3-(4-(((4-hydroxy-3,5dimethoxybenzyl)oxy)methyl)phenyl)-1,2,4-triazole-5-thione was synthesized by to method the first one from melt reaction of 4-(((4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl)oxy)methyl)benzoic acid with Thiocarbonyldihydrazide, the second method from convert the corresponded acid hydrazide to potassium 2-(4-(((4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenzyl)oxy)methyl)benzoyl)hydrazinecarbodithioate salt then react with hydrazine hydrate. Newly Schiff base (7a-7f) were synthesized from reaction the 4-amino-1,2,4-triazol with substituted hydroxybenzaldehyde. The resulting compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and HRMS data. 2,2-Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazide (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays were used to scree

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Publication Date
Tue Jan 02 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Entomology And Zoology Studies
Isolation and identification of Enterococcus fecalis from cow milk samples and vaginal swab from
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The aim of the present study was to isolated the Enterococcus spp. from milk samples of cow and vaginal swabs from aborted women and patient women in Baghdad during September 2016 to april 2017. All 100 milk sample collecting was carried out on California Mastitis Test (CMT) and the positive Percentage of CMT reactions was 5% and the percentage of Enterococcus isolates from mastitic milk was 60% and 30% from nonmasitic milk. The prevalence of Enterococcus spp was 31% of milk samples and the prevalence of Enterococcus spp. Isolates were 67.74% of the isolates of cow milk samples were Enterococcus faecalis, 25.80% was Group D and 6.45% was non groupable while Enterococcus spp. isolates from aborted women samples were 20% and all isolated was

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Publication Date
Mon Apr 10 2023
Journal Name
The European Physical Journal Plus
Improved performance of D149 dye-sensitized ZnO-based solar cell under solvents activation effect
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Publication Date
Thu Dec 09 2021
Journal Name
Revista Latinoamericana De Hipertension
Synthesis, chemical hydrolysis and biological evaluation of doxorubicin carbamate derivatives for targeting cancer cell
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Publication Date
Sat Mar 01 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Ecological Engineering
Synthesis of sulfated zirconia-HY zeolite catalysts doped by platinum metal for hydroisomerization reaction
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Publication Date
Mon Jan 01 2024
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Acute Toxicity of Chlorpyrifos on the Freshwater Bivalves (Unio Tigridis) and Effects on Bioindicators
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A freshwater bivalve plays a crucial function in aquatic habitats as the filtered water and burrowing mussels mix the sediment, thus increasing oxygen content and making the ecosystem healthier. The aim of the study is to see how chlorpyrifos affects biochemical markers in freshwater mussel Unio tigridis. About 180 individuals per taxon and water samples were collected from the Qandil water resource on the Greater Zab River, Erbil Province, Iraq. Once arrived at the lab, the individuals were kept in aquaria with river water and an air-conditioned room Temperature: 25±2 and Light: 12h/12h and acclimatized to laboratory conditions for seven days in aged tap water. The mussel's identification molecularly and the DNA sequence of t

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Publication Date
Mon Nov 06 2023
Journal Name
Chemical And Process Engineering
Relative wettability measurement of porous diffuser and its impact on the generated bubble size
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Publication Date
Wed Jan 01 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Applied Spectroscopy
Evaluation of Stability Constant for Vitamin B1 Depending on Stoichiometric Curves by Visible Spectroscopy
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The measurement of vitamin B1 in pure and pharmaceutical formulations was proposed by using a straightforward and sensitive spectrophotometric approach. Sulfacetamide (SFA) is diazotized, then coupled with vitamin B1 in alkaline media to produce a colored azo dye complex with a stability constant of 5.597 × 105 L/mol. The product is stable, with a maximum absorption wavelength of 489.5 nm, molar absorptivity of 10108 L/mol∙cm, Sandell's sensitivity of 0.0334 μg/cm2, detection limit of 0.0135 μg/mL, and Beer's law being observed over the concentration range of 0.2–20.0 μg/mL. The stability constant and stoichiometry of the produced azo dye were calculated using the continuous variation (Job's) and mole ratio methods. The suggested ap

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Publication Date
Tue Aug 05 2014
Journal Name
International Journal Of Engineering Sciences & Research Technology
Synthesis and Characterization of Some New Metal Complexes 2-(4-nitrophenyl azo)-2,4- dimethylphenol.
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The Ligand 2-(4-nitrophenyl azo)-2,4-dimethylphenol derived from 4-nitroaniline and 2,4-dimethylphenol was synthesized. The prepared ligand was identified by FT-IR and UV-Vis spectroscopic techniques. Treatment of the ligand with the following metal ions ( CuII , ZnII ,CdII and HgII) in aqueous ethanol with a 1:2 M:L ratio. Characterization of these compounds has been done on the basis of FT-IR and UV-Vis, as well as magnetic susceptibility and conductivity measurements. On the basis of physicochemical data tetrahedral geometries were assigned for the complexes.

Publication Date
Fri Jul 21 2023
Journal Name
Journal Of Engineering
Sorption of Lead, Zinc and Copper from Simulated Wastewater by Amberlite Ir-120 Resin
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The presence of heavy metals in the environment is major concern due to their toxicity. In the present study a strong acid cation exchange resin, Amberlite IR 120 was used for the removal of lead, zinc and copper from simulated wastewater. The optimum conditions were determined in a batch system of concentration 100 mg/L, pH range between 1 and 8, contact time between 5 and 120 minutes, and amount of adsorbent was from 0.05 to 0.45 g/100 ml. A constant stirring speed, 180 rpm, was chosen during all of the experiments. The optimum conditions were found to be pH of 4 for copper and lead and pH 6 for zinc, contact time of 60 min and 0.35 g of adsorbent. Three different temperatures (25, 40 and 60°C) were selected to investigate the effect

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