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Evaluation of the effect of preheating on micro leakage of Class II composites Restoration (A comparative in vitro study)
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Background: The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate and compare the effect of preheating microleakage among three different filler size composites which include Filtektm Z250 micro hybrid, Z250xt Nano hybrid and nanocomposite Z350xt.  in Class II cavity preparation .

Materials and methods: sixty maxillary first premolars were prepared with class II cavities. Samples were divided into three groups according to material used    group A (FiltekZ250 micro hybrid). Group B(Z250xt Nano hybrid). Group C (nanocomposite Z350xt)and each group divided into two subgroups of ten teeth according to temperature of  composite: Group A1 Teeth are restored by composite at  room temperature(24±1ËšC), A2 Teeth are restored by same composite at preheated temperature(54±1ËšC). After 24 hrs. immersion in 2% in methylene blue, samples were sectioned and micro leakage was estimated.

Results: The greater scores of micro leakage mentioned in Group A( Z250 micro hybrid) in cervical margin while in Group B( Z250xt Nano hybrid) and  Group C (Z350xt nanocomposite) have least score of micro leakage especially in occlusal margin.

Conclusions: The scores of micro leakage for all groups varied with different material, margin and temperature. Generally, preheating decreased micro leakage  in all groups of composites ,but Preheating decreased micro leakage effectively in Z250 micro hybrid more than Z250xt Nano hybrid and Z350xt nanocomposite micro leakage .

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Publication Date
Thu Dec 31 2015
Journal Name
مجلة كلية العلوم الاسلامية
The Secret of Marriage in Christianity A Descriptive Study
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Marriage is a holly secret in Christian religion .So it id natural that its ceremonies acquired religious form .In general the marriage is contracted by minister of religion in presence of the two parties or by a proxy or presence of parents if it is necessary . And to make the condition of publicity for the marriage ,its procedures must be made before witnesses .Also the minister of religionhave to confirm the agreement of the two parties before beginning the procedures.The marriage ceremonies are made.These procedures are religious traditions that includes praying and make blessings and putting the rings in fingers by thepriest . The marriage is a holly secret performed by the crown pray according to the church religious traditions

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Annals Of Parasitology
The effect of toxoplasmosis on renal function in hemodialysis patients
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Toxoplasma gondii is an obligate intracellular protozoan parasite; it spreads via the circulatory system during infection and causes chronic infection in various organs. Toxoplasmosis affects nearly one third of people worldwide, especially immunocompromised people. This study aimed to determine the effect of toxoplasmosis on renal function in hemodialysis patients. Overall 300 patients referred to the Medical City, Al-Karama General Hospital, Baghdad, Iraq were enrolled from 2021 to 2022. All serum samples were tested for T. gondii immunoglobulins (IgG and IgM) antibodies, urea and creatinine levels. In patients undergoing hemodialysis, the results revealed a high positivity percentage for anti-Toxoplasma IgG. In hemodialysis patients infe

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2016
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Chemical And Petroleum Engineering
The Effect of In-situ Stress on Hydraulic Fractures Dimensions
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Understanding of in-situ stress profiles and orientations plays a vital role in designing a successful hydraulic fracturing treatment. This paper is an attempet to examine the effect of lithology and in situ stress on geometery of hydraulic fractures. A hydraulic fracturing design simulator software called FracproPT with various capabilities for designing most of hydraulic fracture was used for  simulate and optimize the hydraulic fracturing. For studying purpose,  three different cases of stress gradient contrast between different formations  are considered in this study (0.4, 0.5 and 0.75 psi/ft). The results obtained from the simulator showed that  lithologies surrounding the pay zone have an effect on the fracture

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Publication Date
Sun Jun 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
Performance evaluation of vocational and administrative institutions in the media using the bench-marking of new media: analytical study in the Journal of time
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Provides the style of benchmarking the best possible use whenevaluating the performance and evaluation, as well as improved performance,due to its consistency with the principles of good evaluation of theperformance, an extension of the completion of several functions of the timeand cost less, thereby increasing the efficiency of the management of theinstitutions, especially institutions, the media, as it became public the future ofthe message sender to the same time Zaorosaúl new media is challenging thetraditional media of what distinguishes this new interactive media and mass ledto this transition . However, the media Aljdidhoosaúl traditional mediacontinue to coexist and reinforce each Menhmaalakhr, for his wealth offreedom of opin

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Publication Date
Thu Oct 22 2026
Journal Name
Journal Of Baghdad College Of Dentistry
Oral manifestation biochemical and IgA analysis of saliva in hyperthyroid (Grave’s disease) patients(Comparative study)
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Background: Hyperthyroidism occurs due to over production of thyroid hormones, one types of hyperthyroidism was Graves, disease. Hyperthyroidism is characterized by high level of serum thyroxin, triiodothyronine and low level of thyroid stimulated hormones. Material and Methods: fifty two hyperthyroid patients, thirty patients under treatment with carbimazole and other twenty two patients under treatment with radioactive iodine, and sixty healthy control group. The average salivary flow rate was calculated as ml/5mint.The concentration of calcium, potassium, and total protein were determined in the salivary supernatant sample. This is done through different biochemical tests. Determination of salivary IgA is done by ELIZA. Results: The most

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Publication Date
Tue Dec 09 2025
Journal Name
Journal Of Al-farahidi’s Arts
Artificial Intelligence Applications in Machine Translation and Their Role in Bridging Semantic Gaps Across Languages: A Comparative Analytical Study of Chat GPT and Deep Seek
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With the fast-growing of neural machine translation (NMT), there is still a lack of insight into the performance of these models on semantically and culturally rich texts, especially between linguistically distant languages like Arabic and English. In this paper, we investigate the performance of two state-of-the-art AI translation systems (ChatGPT, DeepSeek) when translating Arabic texts to English in three different genres: journalistic, literary, and technical. The study utilizes a mixed-method evaluation methodology based on a balanced corpus of 60 Arabic source texts from the three genres. Objective measures, including BLEU and TER, and subjective evaluations from human translators were employed to determine the semantic, contextual an

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Publication Date
Sat Dec 31 2022
Journal Name
Al-kindy College Medical Journal
Comparative study on Various Tube Voltages and Contrast Media Doses in CT Pulmonary Angiography to detect Pulmonary Thromboembolism
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Background: Lowering the amount of iodinated contrast material and tube voltage may increase pulmonary artery opacification and thrombus identification without compromising picture quality.

Objectives: To explore the efficiency of using lower tube voltage and a lower contrast medium dose for conducting computed tomography for pulmonary angiography (CTPA) aiming to increase its accuracy in detecting pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).

Subjects and Methods:100 patients scheduled for CTPA with a preoperative diagnosis of PTE were grouped into two: group A, (50 patients) got 1 mL/kg at 120 kV and group B, (50 patients) received 0.5 mL/kg at 80 kV.The tec

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
Revista Iberoamericana De Psicologia Del Ejercicio Y El Deportethis Link Is Disabled.,
THE EFFECT OF EXERCISES WITHIN A FACTORY HIERARCHICAL STRUCTURE IN REDUCING THE DEGREE OF PAIN IN A SAMPLE OF BACK PATIENTS
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Publication Date
Tue Oct 04 2022
Journal Name
Lecture Notes In Mechanical Engineering
Effect of Stator Core Materials on the Performance Characteristics of a Free Piston Linear Generator Engine
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Publication Date
Thu Jan 07 2021
Journal Name
Indian Journal Of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology
Effect of Dentifrices with Different Abrasives on the Surface Roughness of a Nano Composite Resins materials
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Background: to evaluate the effect of different dentifrices on the surface roughness of two composite resins (nanofilled-based and nanoceramic – based composite resins). Materials and methods: Forty specimens (diameter 12 mm and height of 2mm) prepared from different composite resin materials: Z350 (nanofilled composite, and Ceram-X (nanoceramic) .they were subjected to brushing simulation equivalent to the period of 1 year. The groups assessed were a control group brushed with distilled water (G1), Opalescence whitening toothpasteR (G2), Colgate sensitive pro-relief (G3) and Biomed Charcoal Toothpaste (G4). The initial and final roughness of each group was tested by surface roughness tester. The results were statistically analyzed using

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