ABSTRACT Background: Dental caries is a most common social and intractable infectious disease in human. Saliva is critical for preserving and maintaining oral health and salivary elements had many effects on caries experience. Aim of study: This study was conducted to assess dental caries severity by age and gender and their relation to salivary zinc and copper among a group of adults aged (19-22) years. Materials and methods: After examination eighty persons aged 19-22 years of both gender. Caries severity was documented according to DMFS index. Stimulated salivary samples were collected and chemically analyzed under standardized condition to detect salivary elements zinc and copper. Concentrations of Zinc and copper were measured by using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Results: The finding revealed that the total males had higher mean value of DMFS and DS fraction than that of the total females with statistically non-significant differences at p> 0.05 regarding of DMFS, while significant difference was found regarding DS fraction. Frist age group (19-20) had a lower mean value of DMFS than that of the second age group (21-22), while it had a higher mean value of DS fraction with statistically non-significant differences. There were statistically non-significant differences at p> 0.05 between males and females regarding salivary zinc and copper concentrations.Non-significant positive weak correlation between DMFS index and salivary zinc and copper. Conclusion: Saliva is the one of important factors in prevention of dental caries. Therefore, chemical changes in salivary composition play an important role in development and progression of caries.
Background: Salivary gland neoplasms constitute a group of heterogeneous lesions with complex clinicopathologic characteristics and distinct biological behavior. Numerous studies have suggested geographical variation, therefore the aims of this study were to analyze the characteristics of salivary gland neoplasms in two Iraqi centers and to analyze the postoperative complications that are encountered after surgical treatment of these tumors. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study of the patients who were treated for major and minor epithelial salivary gland tumors was conducted. The analyzed data included; demographic information (age and gender), the site of the tumor, the clinical manifestations, the histological type of the tumo
... Show MoreReseach target the most important topic, is Activity and ProfitabilityIndictors Analysis for
Nationality and Iraqi Insurance Company, In order to stand on them ability to cover its risks
and explore the efficiency asset and its avialible resources using to determine them abilities to
profit generation from its insurance activity. The analysis was focus to examine their profit
and activity power, and test the significant differences aming them performance. Test 2
hypothese that is related and result it sign that the 2 company no has significant differences at
profitability and activity level. The research depend on coneclusion, recommended two
company to work at efficiency with cost element of insurance activity in or
Substance use disorders are a widely recognized problem among hepatitis C-infected patients; moreover, substance abuse by intravenous injection is a common mode of transmission of the hepatitis C virus worldwide. The frequency of substance use disorders and their relation to hepatitis C infection are still unknown in Iraq. This cross-sectional study, conducted among a sample of hepatitis C- infected patients attending the Gastrointestinal Tract Center in Baghdad Medical City, aimed to examine the prevalence of substance use disorders, the sociodemographic characteristics of the abusers, and the relation between intravenous
The research aimed mainly to discover the effectiveness of the (PEOE) model in teaching science to develop the skills of generating and evaluating information and the emotional side of the scientific sense of the intermediate first grade students. An experimental approach with a quasi-experimental design called pre-test and post-test control design was used. The research sample consisted of (60) students, who were selected in a random cluster method, (30) students in the experimental group studied the unit "The Nature of Material" using the (PEOE) model, and (30) students in the control group studied according to the prevailing method of teaching. The research materials and tools were represented in: a teacher's guide for teaching the un
... Show MoreAims: The present study aims at assessing mothers’ knowledge of breastfeeding in Kirkuk governorate,
besides determining the relationship between mothers’ knowledge and some of their demographic
attributes.
Methodolgy: A descriptive study was used the assessment approach and applied on mothers in Kirkuk
governorate from January 15th 2011 to July 25th
, 2011. Non-probability sampling a convenience sample of
(72) mothers, attending pediatric general hospital in Kirkuk governorate for following up the health status
of their children, was selected for the purpose of the study. A questionnaire was developed for the
purpose of the study. It was comprised of two parts; the first part includes the mothers' demographic