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Stressful Life Events In Relation to Dental Caries and Selected Salivary Constituents Among Secondary School Students in Baghdad City
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ABSTRACT Background: stress is the reactions of the body to forces of a deleterious nature, infections and various abnormal states that tend to disturb its normal physiological equilibrium; It is described as adverse emotions or reactions to unpleasant experiences; Thus, any real or perceived physical, social, or psychological event or stimulus that causes bodies to react or respond have deleterious effects on the general and oral health. The aims of this study were to assess the severity of dental caries among the students with different categories of stressful life events in relation to physicochemical characteristics of whole stimulated saliva. Materials and Methods: the total sample is composed of 300 students (males only) aged 17-18 years old, who are randomly selected from 10 school in the First Al-Karkh/Baghdad. The total sample classified into three categories (less stress, more stress, accumulative stress) according to stressful life events scale (SLE); the sub sample consist of 60 students who are randomly selected from the total sample each category composed of 20 students. Diagnosis and recording of dental caries was assessed according to Decay, Missed, Filled surface index (D1-4MFS) of Muhlemann (1976). Stimulated salivary samples were collected from the 60 students then measuring salivary flow rate; and chemically analyzed to determine salivary interlukin-6 (IL-6), cortisol, and total protein. All data were analyzed using SPSS version 21. Results: Results recorded the highest mean rank value of (DMFS) was among the accumulative stress category of stressful life events scale followed by more stress category, the lowest mean rank value was among less stress category with statistically high significant difference (P< 0.001). For the severity of dental caries (DS) Fraction was higher among the accumulative stress category than more stress and less stress categories respectively (P< 0.001). According to the grades of lesion severity, for all fractions the higher mean rank values was among accumulative stress category with no statically differences except for (D2) was significant (P< 0.05). The data from salivary analysis showed that, the highest values of salivary total protein and (IL-6) were among the accumulative stress category, followed by more stress then the lowest value among less stress category, while the cortisol showed the opposite picture, however all these differences were not significant. DMFS correlated positively with flow rate among less stress and accumulative stress categories and negatively with more stress category, while for (DS) correlated negatively with flow rate with highly significant for more stress category and accumulative category and positively related with significant for low stress category. The salivary constituents showed negative correlation with (DMFS) for all categories of stressful life events scale except for IL-6 and cortisol were positively correlated for accumulative category with non-significant difference. Conclusion: The study revealed that, stressful life events have a significant deleterious impact on the oral and dental health including caries experience as well as the effect on the normal levels of salivary constituents.

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 02 2024
Journal Name
International Development Planning Review
COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FOREHANDKICK (STRAIGHT AND ACCOMPANIED BY FORWARD ROTATION) IN TERMS OF ACCURACY AND SPEED AMONG THE PLAYERS OF THE NATIONAL TEAM (ADVANCED CATEGORY) IN TENNIS
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 02 2024
Journal Name
International Development Planning Review
COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FOREHANDKICK (STRAIGHT AND ACCOMPANIED BY FORWARD ROTATION) IN TERMS OF ACCURACY AND SPEED AMONG THE PLAYERS OF THE NATIONAL TEAM (ADVANCED CATEGORY) IN TENNIS
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Publication Date
Fri Oct 02 2020
Journal Name
International Development Planning Review
COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FOREHANDKICK (STRAIGHT AND ACCOMPANIED BY FORWARD ROTATION) IN TERMS OF ACCURACY AND SPEED AMONG THE PLAYERS OF THE NATIONAL TEAM (ADVANCED CATEGORY) IN TENNIS
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 02 2024
Journal Name
International Development Planning Review
COMPARISON OF THE PERFORMANCE OF THE FOREHANDKICK (STRAIGHT AND ACCOMPANIED BY FORWARD ROTATION) IN TERMS OF ACCURACY AND SPEED AMONG THE PLAYERS OF THE NATIONAL TEAM (ADVANCED CATEGORY) IN TENNIS
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Publication Date
Thu Sep 29 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Advertisement content in the Iraqi satellite channels and their commitment to advertisement ethics.
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The problem of the study is to monitor the content presented in the Iraqi satellite channels to identify the nature of the ideas contained in these ads and to identify the values ​​carried by the creative strategies and ad campaigns that use. Where the satellite is one of the most important technological developments in the field of communications in the nineties and the ads in various forms and functions one of the contents provided by satellite channels where these channels are keen to direct their messages in particular and communication, in general, to address a certain audience and convince and influence in order to achieve certain purposes of the source Or the body from which it originates, especially those that result in an in

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 30 2016
Journal Name
College Of Islamic Sciences
Graphical significance To (if) and (if) the two cops in Surat al-Maidah
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Many writers and scientists hardly differentiate between the two instruments of use
(If) and (if) to convergence in the meaning, as they perform the meaning of the penalty and condition, as the answer relates to his condition, but when linguistic meditation we find a great difference in use in terms of meaning, so this research came to reveal these meanings and was extrapolated applied in Surat al-Maidah By counting the verses in which (if) and (if) the cops were given and looking at their contexts, the connotation of the cops in most places was within the context of probability, which is the origin of its use, given in twenty places of Surat al-Ma'idah, and it had multiple connotations according to the contexts of the verses received

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Publication Date
Sun Aug 13 2017
Journal Name
Ibn Al-haitham Journal For Pure And Applied Sciences
One Algorithm to Cipher Messages in Columnar and Fixed Period-d Transposition Cipher
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    One of ciphering systems depends on transposition of letters in plain text to generate cipher text. The programming of transposition depends mainly on 2-dimension matrix in either methods but the difference is in columnar .We print columns in the matrix according to their numbers in key but in the fixed, the cipher text will be obtained by printing matrix by rows.

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Publication Date
Wed Jun 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Budget Programs and Performance away to enhance the control in government economic units
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     The control function of important functions in the system of government for several reasons , perhaps the most important of the magnitude of spending and spending in one of the tools adopted in the implementation of the control function.                               

        Perhaps the most prominent stages of the development budget in terms of setup and use in the budget programs and performance , as specialized literature  show its importance in strengthening financial and operationl

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Publication Date
Sat Jun 04 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Language And Literary Studies
Investigating the Use of Google Meet and Face-to-Face in Teaching Conversation
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conversation is an oral skill in which two persons can exchange their ideas, thoughts and opinions to communicate with each other. Learners can work in pairs or groups to practice dialogues chosen by the teacher from their textbook materials or from additional resources. Nowadays, because of Corona virus infection, our college students are taught all the subjects including conversation course either via google classroom platform or any other platforms. Google meet is one of online meetings between the teacher and students, i.e., a video meet in which students and the teacher join the online meetings in a specified time to communicate, express their ideas, thoughts and feelings about what is mentioned above. In this study, the resea

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Publication Date
Tue Jul 01 2014
Journal Name
Journal Of The Faculty Of Medicine Baghdad
Serum Leptin levels in ovarian polycystic disease and its correlation to body weight
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Background: Poly cystic ovary syndrome is a common disorder in women of reproductive age, it is associated with disturbance of reproductive, endocrine and metabolic functions. The pathophysiology of PCOS appears to be multifactorial and polygenic. Leptin seems to play an important role in pathophysiology of PCOS especially in women with BMI ≥25kg/m2. Objectives: To assess leptin level in both PCOS and healthy women and explore the relation to their body weight and body mass index. Patient and Methods: A total of 120 women were enrolled in this study, 60 women (50%) had PCOS (study group) and the reminder 60 women (50%) were healthy women and considered as control group. BMI was calculated first. Both groups were further sub

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