ABSRTACT Background: Soft liner material is become important in dental prosthetic treatment. They are applied to the surface of the dentures to achieve more equal force distribution , reduce localized pressure and improve denture retention by engaging undercut . So the aim of the study is to evaluate the effect of different surface treatment by air-abrasion AL2O3 and laser treatment with CO2 laser on improving the shear bond strength of the denture liner to acrylic denture base material . Materials and methods: the 30 specimens of heat cured acrylic denture base material (high Impact acrylic )and heat cured soft liner (Vertex ,Nether Lands )were prepared for this study .They were designed and divided according to type of the surface treatment 10 specimens for each group and as follows :Group I without any treatment (control group ), Group II was treated with air-abrasion (AL2O3). While group III was treated with CO2 laser which has continuous pulses with wave length(10.6) micro-meter for (15) seconds . Results: The results revealed that lowest mean values in shear bond strength the specimens treated with AL2O3 (0.498 N/mm2)and control group (0.569 N/mm2)and the highest mean values for the specimens treated with CO2 laser (0.648 N/mm2) . Conclusion: within the limitation of this study ,CO2 laser surface treatment of the heat cure acrylic denture resin with soft liner material resulted in highly significantly increased in shear bond strength values than control and AL2O3 .
The world is keeping pace with evolution in all its fields as a result of scientists' pursuit of continuous scientific and technological development. This evolution included the sports field, which had a large space in the aspect of development and for all disciplines, Therefore, it's reflected today in what we see of records and advanced achievements in sporting events and activities. The development in the field of sports was the result of scientific research (Hussein and Jawad., 2022), where the interest in the training process has become one of the most important pillars of the development of achievement (Neamah and Altay., 2020). The shooting sport has also witnessed a remarkable development due to the diversity and development of its
... Show MoreThe posterior regions of the jaws usually represent a significant risk for implant surgery. A non-valid assessment of the available bone height may lead to either perforation of the maxillary sinus floor or encroachment of the inferior alveolar nerve and consequently to implant failure. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of surgeon’s decision in appraising the appropriate implant length, in respect to vital anatomical structures, using panoramic radiographs.
Only implants that are inserted in relation to the maxillary sinus (MS) or the mandibular canal (MC) were enrolled
The current report dealt with the effect of pesticides on the ecosystem through their impact on soil, water, and microorganisms and their impact on human health. As well as this study dealt with the biodegradation process of pesticides and the organisms involved in this process, even some previous studies proved that Bacillus spp. And Pseudomonas sp. Bacteria is the most efficient in the biodegradation of pesticides, at the same time, other previous studies dealt with the environmental factors that affect the biodegradation process of pesticides. It proved that each of the incubation periods, pH, and temperature have different effects on biodegradation. Most of the studies indicated that the best incubation period for biodegradation is 7-8
... Show MoreTwilight is that light appear on the horizon before sunrise and after sunset, Astronomically it is known that sunrise and sunset are effected by high above sea level, but the effect of high above sea level on the time of astronomical twilight still not decided and controversy among astronomers, in This research we studies the effect of high above sea level on the time of astronomical twilight, through adding the equation correct high above sea level to equation computation of twilight and then calculate of changing in the time of twilight for different highest (0-10000) meters above sea level , and the ratio of increase for time with high between (15.45-20.5) minutes. It was found that there was an increase in the time of the twilight along
... Show MoreMR Younus, Nasaq Journal, 2022
The purpose of this paper is to depict the effect of adding a hydraulic accumulator to a hydraulic system. The experimental work includes using measuring devices with interface to measure the pressure and the vibration of the system directly by computer so as to show the effect of accumulator graphically for real conditions, also the effects of hydraulic accumulator for different applications
have been tested. A simulation analysis of the hydraulic control system using MATLAB.R2010b to study was made to study the stability of the system depending on the transfer function, to estimate the effect of adding the accumulator on stability of the system. A physical simulation test was made for the hydraulic system using MATLAB to show the ef