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The effect of thermocycling and debonding time on the shear bond strength of different orthodontic brackets bonded with light-emitting diode adhesive (In vitro study)
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Background: Thermocycling simulates the temperature dynamics in the oral environment. This in vitro study done to measure and compare the effect of thermocycling on the shear bond strength of stainless steel and sapphire brackets bonded to human enamel teeth using light cured orthodontic adhesive and debonded at various time, and to measure adhesive remnant index after debonding. Materials and Methods: one-hundred-twenty extracted upper first premolars for orthodontic reason were used in this study; depending on weather thermocycled or not, the sample was divided into two main groups, then within each group 30 teeth were used for stainless-steel brackets (Bionic®) and for sapphire brackets (Pure®). Both groups were subdivided into three groups (n = 10) according to the debond times: I: debond after 24 hour, II: debond after 7 days and III: debond after 30 days. Within 24 hr, half of the sample was thermocycled manually for 500 complete cycles between 5/55°C and the remaining sample was stored in distilled water at room temperature and water was changed daily until debond time for each group was performed. The adhesive remnant index was tested under 20X magnification lens using stereomicroscope. Results and Conclusions: Both bracket types demonstrated high shear bond strength values before thermocycling (P?0.05), whereas after 500 thermocycles, there were significant changes in shear bond strength resulted in marked reduction in the stainless steel brackets than in the sapphire brackets (P?0.05). Shear bond strength values increased with time for both stainless steel and sapphire brackets with and without thermocycling (P?0.05). The tendency of bond failure was increased at the bracket/adhesive interface rather than enamel/bracket interface in the stainless steel brackets whereas at the enamel/bracket interface rather than bracket/adhesive interface in the sapphire brackets.

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Publication Date
Wed Mar 10 2021
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Role of peptidoglycan in the pathogenesis of Staphylococcus saprophyticus in mice
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The pathogenicity of S. saprophyticus was studied in mice. A group of white mice were injected transurethrally using a catheter with S. saprophyticus S67 cell suspension in a concentration reached 109 CFU/ml. concomitantly, the role of its peptidoglycan in the pathogenicity was studied by injecting another group of mice with 0.3 mg/0.2 ml of partially purified S. saprophyticus S67 peptidoglycan extract. After autopsy, kidneys and urinary bladder showed several histopathological changes both in cells and peptidoglycan injected mice, included: hydropic degeneration, glomerulus shrinkage, congestion of renal vessels, infiltration of inflammatory cells, and dekeratinization in urinary bladder.

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Publication Date
Tue May 01 2012
Journal Name
First Eage Workshop On Iraq - Hydrocarbon Exploration And Field Development
Microfacies and Petrographic study for Yamama formation in Ratawi field
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Publication Date
Wed Oct 01 2008
Journal Name
Journal
Acanthosis Nigricans in Iraqi Patients Clinical, Histopathological and Theraputic Study
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KE Sharquie, AA Noaimi, AH Muhammad Ali, 2008 - Cited by 3

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Publication Date
Thu Aug 25 2022
Journal Name
Ira International Journal Of Education And Multidisciplinary Studies
Gender and Olds’ Advice in Written Signs: A Pragmatic Study
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Giving advice refers to an attempt by the speaker to express what the addressee should do in a particular situation or what is good for him/her. It is also a feature of making social relations and communications move smoothly and become stronger. The current study aims to investigate the strategies of the speech act of advice by old females and males for the younger generation in written signs. Comparison is made between old females and males regarding their pragmatic use of advice and the way they are manifested in expressing gender identity differences. The sample of the study consists of (30) written signs of advice divided equally between the two gender groups. Hinkel’s (1997) classification of the strategies for perceiving th

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Publication Date
Wed Oct 02 2024
Journal Name
Translation&linguistics
Verbal forms in French and Iraqi Arabic: a contrastive study
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Publication Date
Thu Oct 01 2015
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Correspondents and Professional Standards in News Coverage (A Field Study)
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         The essence of the new work in the satellite TV channels is to provide news coverage of news that will inform the people of what is going on around them in order to increase their political, social, economic and cultural awareness and this drives them to take positions or certain behaviors on according to what the communicator in these channels wants. News and news reports are generally used as a psychological variable to influence public opinion and does not offer interestingness and information. Therefore, satellite TV channels have assumed special attention towards their correspondents desiring to achieve scoop in news coverage and to have the final word in reading events and install it

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Publication Date
Wed Aug 17 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
Visual Perception and Persuasion in Television Advertising An analytical study
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The picture has taken a place that sometimes enables it to take precedence over media analysis، psychology، and political communication.
The image has the ability to influence to obtain persuasion، not only emotionally or
dramatically، but also on the level of commercial and political persuasion. In every
image، the intention of that persuasion is hidden.
It can be identified by a set of underlying dimensions such as vitality، social dominance، and confidence، for which a group of specific suggestions or movements، such
as a smile، the movement of hands، or the nature and way of looking with the eyes، is
established. The visual image often precedes its verbal counterpart in the proce

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Publication Date
Sun Feb 01 2015
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Climate change and dust storms in Iraq / 'Baghdad', case study
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A dust storm in Iraq is a climatic phenomenon common in arid and semi-arid regions . The frequency of the occurrence has increased drastically in the last decade and it is increasing continuously .Baghdad city like the rest of Iraq is suffering from the significant increase in dust storms . In this research , the study of the phenomenon of dust storms for all types (Suspended dust , rising dust , dust storm) , and its relationship with some climate variables (Temperature , rainfall ,wind speed) .The statement of the impact of climate change on this phenomenon to Baghdad station  for the period (1981 – 2012) . Time series has been addressing the phenomenon of storms and cli

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Educational And Psychological Researches
The healthy personality and its relation to the academic achievement of school and university teacher
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Personality regard as one of the human soul pillars that has been built throughout the life of people, starting from the fertilizing process to different stages of people ages. Over time, numerous scientific studies have shown that fetus has the ability to hear and feel and he is being stereotyped since the first stages of formation. Accordingly, the process of forming human personality set up since that date. Besides, the socialization means that take different resources to enhance human personality such as holy Quran, school, social media, and social environment. The emergence of social media made the world as a small village which gives the chance for all people, over the world, to obtain the knowledge easily and limitless. Thus, the

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Publication Date
Thu Feb 28 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of Accounting And Financial Studies ( Jafs )
The role of educational institutions and regulatory bodies to reduce the financial and administrative corruption
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This research seeks to clarify the regulatory and educational role of the regulatory and educational institutions in reducing the phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption as a dangerous phenomenon of the communities, as it touched search kinds of financial and administrative corruption and the causes and effects, as well as to the role of educational institutions in reducing this phenomenon, and finally between experiments some SAIs and accounting Arab and foreign countries on how to reduce the phenomenon of financial and administrative corruption.The research aims to several targets which shed light on the role of educational and supervisory institutions in reducing corruption, a statement origins and evolution of and justi

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