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Correlation between Periodontal Health Status and Salivary Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 Levels in Smoker and Non-Smoker Chronic Periodontitis Patients (A Comparative Study)
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Background: Periodontal diseases are inflammatory diseases affecting the supporting tissues of the teeth. One of the leading environmental factors that are closely related not only to the risk but also to the prognosis of periodontitis is smoking. This study aimed to evaluate the influence of smoking on periodontal health status and to measure the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 in smokers and nonsmokers chronic periodontitis patients, also it aimed to test the correlation between the levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 and the clinical periodontal parameters. Materials and Methods: Five milliliters samples of un-stimulated whole saliva and full-mouth clinical periodontal recordings (plaque index, gingival index, bleeding on probing, probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level) were obtained from forty patients of two groups (non smokers with chronic periodontitis and smokers with chronic periodontitis). All subjects were systemically healthy males, with age range (35-50) years. Salivary matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels were analyzed by using Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assays. Results: Statistical analysis revealed that probing pocket depth and clinical attachment level were higher in smokers than non smokers, while there were decreases in the numbers of bleeding sites in smoker when compared with non smoker subjects. Salivary matrix metalloproteinase-9 levels were significantly higher in smoker with chronic periodontitis patients than their non smoker counterparts. Conclusion: Salivary matrix metalloproteinase-9, as a biomarker, could reflect the increased periodontal tissue destruction due to the smoking.

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Publication Date
Sat Jan 01 2022
Journal Name
International Journal Of Low-carbon Technologies
Performance evaluation of the photovoltaic thermal system with a fin array and surface zigzag layout
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Abstract<p>Solar photovoltaic (PV) has many environmental benefits and it is considered to be a practical alternative to traditional energy generation. The electrical conversion efficiency of such systems is inherently limited due to the relatively high thermal resistance of the PV components. An approach for intensifying electrical and thermal production of air-type photovoltaic thermal (PVT) systems via applying a combination of fins and surface zigzags was proposed in this paper. This research study aims to apply three performance enhancers: case B, including internal fins; case C, back surface zigzags; and case D, combinations of fins and surface zigzags; whereas the baseline smooth duct rep</p> ... Show More
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Publication Date
Sun Mar 04 2018
Journal Name
Baghdad Science Journal
Synthesis and Characterization of a Molecularly Imprinted Polymer for Diclofenac Sodium Using (2-vinylpyridine and 2-hydroxyethyl metha acrylate) as the Complexing Monomer
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Four electrodes were synthesized based on molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs). Two MIPs were prepared by using the diclofenac sodium (DFS) as the template, 2-hydroxy ethyl metha acrylate(2-HEMA) and 2-vinyl pyridine(2-VP) as monomers as well as divinyl benzene and benzoyl peroxide as cross linker and initiator respectively. The same composition used for prepared non-imprinted polymers (NIPs) but without the template (diclofenac sodium). To prepared the membranes electrodes used different plasticizers in PVC matrix such as: tris(2-ethyl hexyl) phosphate (TEHP), tri butyl phosphate (TBP), bis(2-ethyl hexyl) adipate (BEHA) and tritolyl phosphate (TTP). The characteristics studied the slop, detection limit, life time and linearity range of DF

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Publication Date
Sun Jul 01 2018
Journal Name
Journal Of Global Pharma Technology
Preparation, Characterization and Biological Activity of New Derivatives of 3-Cyclic Oxazepine, 3-Cyclic Lactam and 3- Aminomethyl Imidazo (1, 2-a) Benzthiazol
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In this work a series of fourteen new compounds were synthesized. Compound [1] was formed from the reaction of 2-aminobenzothiazole and p-bromophenacyl bromide. Aldehyde group [2] was obtained from the reaction of compound [1] with pocl3 in presence of DMF and CHCl3 .After that shiff bases have been synthesized from the reaction of compound [2] with different aromatic amine to give new shiff bases [3- 5]. These new shiff bases have been reduced to their corresponding amine [6-8] by means of sodium borohydride. Then reaction of shiff bases [3-5] with phenyl isocyanate gives 3-cyclic lactam derivatives [9-11]. 3-cyclic Oxazepine derivatives [12-14] were obtained by reaction of shiff bases [3-5] with succinic anhydride. These new formed co

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Publication Date
Mon Sep 01 2025
Journal Name
Chinese Journal Of Analytical Chemistry
Synthesis, characterization, and evaluation of the antioxidant and anticancer activities of metal ion complexes with a novel7-(3-hydroxyphenylazo)-quinolin-8-ol ligand
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Publication Date
Thu Apr 25 2019
Journal Name
Iraqi Journal Of Market Research And Consumer Protection
ROLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN PROTECTING INVESTORS' RIGHTS / ANALYTICAL STUDY IN THE IRAQI STOCK EXCHANGE: ROLE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE IN PROTECTING INVESTORS' RIGHTS / ANALYTICAL STUDY IN THE IRAQI STOCK EXCHANGE
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The current research focuses on a major problem: the weak role of disclosing corporate information in the application of laws, regulations and instructions related to the application of corporate governance principles weakens the ability to protect the rights of shareholders and investors in companies listed on the Iraqi Stock Exchange and the study aims to study and analyze the role of disclosure and transparency in achieving the necessary protection to ensure the rights of shareholders. The study was applied to a sample of (42) analysis samples representing (84%) of the total questionnaires distributed to investors and shareholders in all listed companies in the Iraqi Stock Exchange. The results confirm the shareholder's right to obtai

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2016
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Throughput Accounting and its role in supporting and achieve competitive advantage
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Abstract\

Dealing economic units at the present time with an industrial environment characterized by competitiveness and the pace of change and its strength as a result of this changing environment shall be on those who made it to adopt strategies that allow them to confront these variables and work in order to meet the market requirements of quality and price appropriate products to suit and the demand for those products and conditions to maintain

its competitive position and its development.

As a result, it became the subject of competitiveness in recent years and enjoys widespread attention at the global level. And in order to keep up

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Publication Date
Sat Oct 01 2022
Journal Name
Al–bahith Al–a'alami
DEMOCRACY AND HUMAN RIGHTS AND THEIR ROLE IN ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
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The study of the concepts of "democracy" and "human rights" and their impact on development, has taken a prominent place in the context of general political and cultural concerns, or in specialized studies even though researchers and scholars do not agree on defining the concepts: Democracy, Human Rights, Development or deriving a global definition hindering them, and that because of the importance of this topic, which proceeds from a number of considerations standing in the forefront, of which:

 

First: What the world witnesses today in the first decade of this century of consecration of the unipolar theory, trying to give its concepts and perceptions through the law ((excessive force)) to the power of international

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Publication Date
Thu Mar 01 2012
Journal Name
Journal Of Economics And Administrative Sciences
Turkish water projects in the Tigris and Euphrates .. Goals and intentions
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Turkey Consider Tigris and Euphrates rivers as a national rivers, and not an a International rivers, so that . It insists on its absolute sovereignty on that resources. The block ( levee ) which Turkey established should not create International problems.

The All International agreements and laws in this sect warrant the rights of all the states that located in river stream to use it without any consider to the regional absolute right.

During the 1980s, Turkey construct water projects, started with GAP, project which is one of the greatest project in the world, in spite of the plane of construct of the keep an levee on the Euphrates was pre of that project. The

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Publication Date
Tue Feb 05 2019
Journal Name
Journal Of The College Of Education For Women
Technology Usage in English Language Teaching and Learning: Reality and Dream
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The aim of the study is to diagnose the real level of technology usage in teaching and learning EFL at university from teachers and students’ viewpoints, and see if it is possible to achieve something of the researchers’ dream - accessing top universities. Two questionnaires have been used to measure the range of technology usage in Colleges of Education for Women, Baghdad and Iraqi Universities, and College of Basic Education. The results have shown that the reality of using technology is still away from the dream. The results have been ascribed to two reasons: The first is the little knowledge of using technology in teaching, and the second is that technology is not included in the curriculum.

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Publication Date
Fri Jan 01 2010
Journal Name
Thesis
Design and Implementation proposed Encoding and Hiding Text in an Image
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NAA Mustafa, University of Sulaimani, Ms. c Thesis, 2010 - Cited by 4

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